Abstract: A method for monitoring an on-board power supply of a motor vehicle. A power distributor is provided, via which a supply voltage is supplied to a safety-relevant consumer and via which non-safety-relevant consumers are supplied. A disconnection of consumers takes place if at least one measure of the voltage applied at least to the safety-relevant consumer reaches a limit value. After disconnecting consumers, the measure of the voltage applied to the safety-relevant consumer is ascertained. The measure of the voltage applied to the respective safety-relevant consumer is respectively compared to a further limit value for a sufficient voltage. From the disconnected consumers, at least one consumer to be connected is selected, which is connected if the limit value is respectively reached at the safety-relevant consumers. The consumer to be connected is selected as a function of a connection measure such that the connection measure is not exceeded.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit assembly (10) for fault detection in an ungrounded high-voltage system (20) having a connected inverter (4) and having at least one resistor (5) between a high-voltage potential (7a, 7b) of the high-voltage system (20) and a reference potential (8), the circuit assembly (10) comprising: a sensing circuit (1), which is designed to tap a voltage from the resistor (5), to generate a first measurement value therefrom and to provide the first measurement value at an output (1c, 1d); and an evaluation device (2), which is connected to the output (1c, 1d) of the sensing circuit (1), the evaluation device (2) being designed to compare the first measurement value with a first limit value and to output a first signal if the first measurement value exceeds the first limit value.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for training a machine-learning network includes receiving an input data from a sensor, wherein the input data includes a perturbation, wherein the input data is indicative of image, radar, sonar, or sound information, obtain a worst-case bound on a classification error and loss for perturbed versions of the input data, utilizing at least bounding of one or more hidden layer values, in response to the input data, train a classifier, wherein the classifier includes a plurality of classes, including an additional abstain class, wherein the abstain class is determined in response to at least bounding the input data, outputting a classification in response to the input data, and output a trained classifier configured to detect the additional abstain class in response to the input data classifier with a plurality of classes, including an additional abstain class.

Abstract: A micromechanical component, in particular, an inertial sensor, including a seismic mass, a substrate, and a cap. The component includes a reference electrode, which is in a first electrode layer and is connected to the substrate, and a further reference electrode, which is in a second electrode layer and is connected to the cap. The seismic mass is deflectable on two sides, in a direction perpendicular to the major plane of extension of the reference electrode. The seismic mass includes a flexible limit stop in the direction of deflection towards the first electrode layer. The flexible limit stop is connected to the main part of the seismic mass using a spring element. The spring element is in an elastic layer, which is positioned between a layer of the main part of the seismic mass and the first electrode layer.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for determining a particular vehicle state based on a UWB signal received at a plurality of receiving nodes. A plurality of channel-impulse responses (CIRs) may be computed from the UWB signal received from the plurality of receiving nodes. A plurality of peak-based features based on a selected position and amplitude may be extracted from the plurality of CIRs. A plurality of correlation-based features may be generated by correlating the plurality of CIRs to a corpus of reference CIRs relating to a plurality of vehicle states. A plurality of maximum likelihood vehicle matrices may be generated by correlating the plurality of CIRs to the corpus of reference CIRs relating to the plurality of vehicle states. The vehicle state may then be determined by processing the plurality of peak-based features and correlation-based features using the machine learning classification algorithm.

Abstract: A vertical field-effect transistor. The transistor includes: a drift region having a first conductivity type; a semiconductor fin on or over the drift region; and a source/drain electrode on or over the semiconductor fin, the semiconductor fin having an electrically conductive region that connects the source/drain electrode to the drift region in electrically conductive fashion, and having a limiting structure that is formed laterally next to the electrically conductive region and that extends from the source/drain electrode to the drift region, the limiting structure being set up to limit a conductive channel of the vertical field-effect transistor in the semiconductor fin to the area of the electrically conductive region.

Abstract: A sensor including a sensor element for acquiring a measuring signal, the measuring signal including at least one useful signal component in a useful signal frequency range and at least one interference signal component in an interference signal frequency range, and a readout circuit for converting the measuring signal into an analog electrical sensor signal. A feedback circuit is provided, which feeds back the output signal of the readout circuit to the input of the readout circuit at which the measuring signal is applied, and the total transmission function H(s) of the readout circuit and feedback circuit induces an attenuation of the analog sensor signal in the interference signal frequency range, while the analog sensor signal in the useful signal frequency range is not attenuated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a housing (1), in particular for an electric drive system for a vehicle, wherein the housing (1) is configured as a system housing and is provided for receiving a plurality of system components, and wherein the housing (1) has a housing wall (11) which is produced by way of a casting mould, and a plurality of interfaces for connecting the housing (1) to components which are situated outside or inside the housing (1) are provided in or on the housing wall (11). Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a housing (1) as a system housing for an electric drive axle of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method for determining an electrical resistance of an electrical supply lead of an electrical system. The system is connected to a first and a second electrically conductive supply lead, which are electrically conductively connected on the current-source side. The system is configured to electrically connect an electrical load of the system selectably to the first or to the second supply lead. The method includes: configuring an electrical connection between the first supply lead and the load; configuring an electrical interruption between the second supply lead and electrical loads of the system; impressing a current in the first supply lead; determining a first voltage at the input of the first supply lead; determining a second voltage at the input of the second supply lead; determining a first resistance value of the first supply lead using the first and the second voltage and the impressed current.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising: determining at least one V2X message (M) comprising at least one data container (DSC) comprising at least one environment image (I #1) representing a part (E #1) of an environment in at least one spatial dimension at one point in time; and wireless transmitting the at least one V2X message (M).

Abstract: An AI system and a method of preventing capture of an AI module in the AI system is disclosed. The AI system includes an input interface, a signature verification module, an AI module configured to execute multiple AI models, a hash module, and a key generation module. A signature module and the key generation module provide an output to the user in response to a received input from the user. The AI module further includes an output interface configured to transmit an output response from the signature module to the user.

Abstract: A method for the digital signing of a message by a sender of the message. A check value based on a symmetrical key pair is ascertained using a secret key as part of a symmetrical key pair and the message. A digital signature is ascertained using a private key as part of an asymmetrical key pair and the check value. The digital signature is provided for transmission, to a method for checking a received, digitally signed message by a receiver.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring the quality of water or leaks within a household plumbing system via machine learning are provided. Appliances can be connected to a plumbing system, wherein each appliance includes one or more sensors configured to output sensor data regarding a property of the water being utilized by that appliance. A processor is programmed to receive the sensor data and establish boundaries of normal operation. Then, when additional sensor data is received, the processor uses machine learning to classify that sensor data as being either within normal operation, or outside the bounds of normal operation. If the sensor data indicates the water property is outside the bounds, an output signal can be generated to inform the user.

Abstract: A device for controlling an automated driving operation of a vehicle may have at least two brake systems, at least two steering systems, an engine controller, a first automated drive controller, a second automated drive controller, a surroundings sensor assembly, and inertial sensors. A third automated drive controller at least controls the vehicle into a standstill. The device is configured such that the automated driving operation is initiated and/or maintained only when the brake systems, steering systems, and at least two of the automated drive controllers are functional and such that the automated driving operation is interrupted if only one of the automated drive controllers is functional and/or if one of the brake systems and/or steering systems is not functional and/or if the engine controller is not functional, in which case the still functional automated drive controller assumes control of the vehicle and guides the vehicle into a standstill.

Abstract: A safety circuit for a high-voltage (HV) electrical system and a HV electrical device are disclosed. The HV electrical system includes one or more one HV electrical devices. Each HV electrical device includes a low-voltage electrical line. A resistor is connected in parallel to the low-voltage electrical line. A controller is connected to the HV electrical device through the low-voltage electrical line.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas sensor in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. The exhaust gas sensor includes a ceramic sensor element having at least one measuring electrode and a heating device. A binary dewpoint end signal is calculated, based on data which relate to the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas sensor, which indicates whether or not the occurrence of liquid water in the exhaust system is still to be expected. Whenever the vehicle is turned off and the dewpoint end signal simultaneously has the value which signals that the occurrence of liquid water in the exhaust system is still to be expected, the sensor element is heated by its heating device to a temperature for a certain period of time in such a way that the sensor element dries.

Abstract: A holding device for releasably holding an energy store, in particular, a bicycle energy store, at a frame, in particular, at a bicycle frame. The holding device includes at least one carrier unit, which includes at least one carrier element, in particular, a guide bar for at least partially receiving and/or guiding the energy store, and including at least one support unit for securing the energy store in a form-fit manner at the carrier unit. The support unit includes at least one support element situated at the carrier element, which secures the energy store at the carrier element in a state in which the energy store is situated at the carrier element at least along a direction extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of the carrier element.

Abstract: A holding device for releasably holding an accumulator, in particular, a bicycle accumulator, at a frame, in particular, at a bicycle frame. The holding device includes at least one carrier unit for at least partially receiving and/or guiding the accumulator. The holding device also includes at least one locking unit situated at the carrier unit, in particular, at least mostly within the frame, for releasably, in particular, axially fixing the accumulator at the carrier unit on one side.

Abstract: A neural network configured for classifying whether an image from an optical sensor characterizes an obstruction of the optical sensor or not. The classification is characterized by an output of the neural network for an input of the neural network and wherein the input is based on the image. The neural network comprises a first convolutional layer that characterizes a 1D-convolution along a vertical axis of a convolution output of a preceding convolutional layer and a second convolutional layer that characterizes a 1D-convolution along a horizontal axis of the convolution output. The output of the neural network is based on a first convolution output of the first convolutional layer and based on a second convolution output of the second convolutional layer.

Abstract: An improvement for a power tool having a motor-driven working tool for performing an operation on a workpiece includes a material sensor positioned to sense the workpiece prior to operation by the working tool. The material sensor is configured to determine a material property of the workpiece and to generate a signal in response thereto. A processor coupled between the material sensor and the motor is configured to control the motor in response to the signal generated by the material sensor.