Abstract: Markov random field parameters are identified to use for covariance modeling of correlation between gradient terms of a loss function of the classifier. A subset of images are sampled, from a dataset of images, according to a normal distribution to estimate the gradient terms. Black-box gradient estimation is used to infer values of the parameters of the Markov random field according to the sampling. Fourier basis vectors are generated from the inferred values. An original image is perturbed using the Fourier basis vectors to obtain loss function values. An estimate of a gradient is obtained from the loss function values. An image perturbation is created using the estimated gradient. The image perturbation is added to an original input to generate a candidate adversarial input that maximizes loss in identifying the image by the classifier. The neural network classifier is queried to determine a classifier prediction for the candidate adversarial input.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for determining the fatigue of a driver of a motor vehicle, wherein the fatigue is determined while taking into account the steering behavior of the driver, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: determination of a hysteresis of the steering system or the fatigue detection system, and taking into account the detected hysteresis in the determination of the fatigue of the driver. Furthermore, the disclosure relates to a device that is set up to execute the method.

Abstract: A portable sensor calibration device that provides a reference to a sensor during a calibration procedure. The sensor calibration device may have a number of adjustable functions providing for functional configurability, such as interchangeable target elements, adjustable pitch, adjustable target mounting, and locking elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control circuit (27) for a waste heat recovery system (2) for a heat engine (36). The waste heat recovery system (2) comprises at least one evaporator (21) for converting waste heat from the exhaust gas (31, 31a) generated by the heat engine (36) into a working medium (23), at least one expansion machine (24) which can be driven by the working medium (23), at least one condenser (25) for condensing the working medium (23a) expanded in the expansion machine (24) into the liquid state (23b), and at least one conveying device (26) for increasing the pressure of the condensed working medium (23b) and conveying same into the evaporator (21). The control circuit (27) influences at least one control variable which controls the energy transmission from the exhaust gas (31, 31a) to the working medium (23b) and/or the energy transmission from the working medium (23c) to the expansion machine (24).

Abstract: A method of determining a suitable evaluation time for a diagnosis method for the diagnosis of a component, wherein the diagnosis method is based on at least one measured sensor value and at least one modeled comparative value (cOBDsim), wherein the method comprises: replacing, in the diagnosis method, at least one measured sensor value with a calculated model value (cBPU), where the model (20) for the calculation of the model value is a model of the component in a state that is to be recognized by the diagnosis method; executing (102, 104, 106) the diagnosis method with the calculated model value; obtaining a result value (aOBDsim) of the diagnosis method; repeating the preceding steps until the result value attains a defined threshold value; and fixing the suitable evaluation time in the diagnosis method as the time after which the result value has attained the threshold value.

Abstract: A brake motor control device for control of an electric brake motor of an electromechanical braking device includes a connection unit configured to be connected to an auxiliary control unit for controlling the electric brake motor in an event of a fault of the brake motor control device. The electric brake motor is configured to displace a brake piston against a brake disc.

Abstract: An assembly line includes a conveyor belt and an energy charging system. The energy charging system includes (i) a resonator having a TX resonator disposed along the conveyor belt and a RX resonator mounted on and transported by the conveyor belt, (ii) an impedance matching network in communication with the resonator, (iii) and an energy storage device in communication with at least one of the resonator and the impedance matching network. Vmin is a minimum voltage of the energy storage device, and Vcap is a voltage across the energy storage device measured in real time. Energy is transferred from the TX resonator to the RX resonator when the Vcap is less than Vmin of the energy storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power-shift multi-speed transmission (10), comprising at least one stepped planet gear (20), which revolves around a first sun gear (18) and in a first ring gear (26). The first ring gear (26) is held on a lockable freewheel (28). A first planet gear step (22) of the stepped planet gear (20) revolves in the first ring gear (26), while a second planet gear step (24) revolves in a second ring gear (36), with which at least one brake (34) is associated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-speed planetary transmission (10). The multi-speed planetary transmission (10) comprises a driveshaft (12), which comprises a sun gear (18) and a ring gear (19), and an output shaft (14), which comprises a planet carrier with at least one planet gear (30). The drive shaft (12) and the output shaft (14) can be connected together or separated from each other by means of a clutch (20). The multi-speed planetary transmission (10) has a freewheel (26), via which a shift is carried out between a first transmission ratio i_1 and a second transmission ratio i_2 under a load using the clutch (20).

Abstract: The proposed method for operating a laser distance measuring device, in particular a hand-held laser distance measuring device, is based on a method in which laser radiation is emitted to a target point by means of an emitter unit, laser radiation reflected back from the target point is detected by a receiver unit with a detection surface, at least one image of at least one target environment of the target point is captured by at least one camera, and a representation of the image, overlaid with a marking of the target point, is displayed on a screen of the laser distance measuring device. According to the disclosure, a parallax error in the representation of the image, overlaid with a marking of the target point, is corrected according to an estimated distance to the target point. The disclosure also relates to a corresponding laser distance measuring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a print head (10) for a 3D printer (1), comprising a feed zone (11) with a feed (12) for feedstock (20) with variable viscosity, a melting zone (14) comprising a heating element (15) and an outlet opening (16) for the liquid phase (22) of said feedstock (20), as well as a conveyor device (30) for conveying the feedstock (20) from the feed zone (11) into the melting zone (14), said conveyor device (30) comprising a plunger (31) that can be inserted into said feed zone (11).

Abstract: Signal processing for determining a rotor position without the use of encoders. To this end, test signals are applied to the electrical currents in the phase connections of an electric machine, and the total currents in the phase connections of the electric machine are measured. The current responses to the test signals are determined by establishing the difference between the measured phase currents and the setpoint-value settings for the phase currents. On the basis of this difference, any method for calculating the rotor angle position can be performed.

Abstract: A method for determining a rack-and-pinion position in a steering system having an electric servomotor and a rack includes determining kinematic changes in a transmission path between the servomotor and the rack. The method further includes generating an event signal when a kinematic or dynamic rotor size of the servomotor exceeds an assigned threshold value.

Abstract: Reference scaling, op amp balancing and chopper stabilization techniques for delta-sigma modulators of analog-to-digital converters are provided. For reference scaling, unit elements in a feedback digital-to-analog (DAC) converter are driven by a reference voltage or disconnected from active circuitry to realize three DAC levels. While disconnected, the unit elements deliver no charge to the device which results in power saving and a reduction in thermal noise. Op amp balancing involves down-sampling the quantizer output followed by up-sampling on the feedback path and filtering to hold a DAC value of the signal for a duration of a sampling period to generate the feedback signal. Chopper stabilization is performed by chopping an operational transconductance amplifier of the integrator at a chopping frequency equal to the sampling frequency.

Abstract: A method (500) for ascertaining a fill level of soot particles in a soot particulate filter (1), comprising acquiring (510) a time course of a pressure of an exhaust gas (4) upstream (16) of the soot particulate filter (1) and/or a differential pressure over the soot particulate filter (1) as a pressure signal, transforming (520) the pressure signal into a pressure frequency spectrum, ascertaining (530) a spectral power density in the pressure frequency spectrum, and ascertaining (540) the fill level of the soot particles in the soot particulate filter (1) in dependence on the spectral power density.

Abstract: A process for testing a plurality of components of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (100) is disclosed, wherein the plurality of components comprises a first SCR catalyst and at least one further SCR catalyst arranged downstream of the first SCR catalyst in the flow direction of exhaust gas to be passed through the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, a first NOx sensor assigned to the first SCR catalyst and at least one further NOx sensor and a first DeNOx element assigned to the first SCR catalyst and at least one further DeNOx element and wherein the process comprises at least the following steps: conditioning the SCR catalysts, testing the NOx sensors, testing the DeNOx systems testing a storage capacity for the reductant of the SCR catalysts.

Abstract: A hydraulic system, for use under water with a hydraulic actuating drive, includes a hydraulic cylinder and at least one hydraulic machine. At least one rotary drive device and the hydraulic machine are coupled mechanically for a common rotating movement, and the hydraulic machine adjusts at least the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder has at least three cylinder chambers, and the hydraulic system includes a first hydraulic circuit and a second hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic system for use under water is set up, in particular, with a redundant hydraulic actuating drive for manual (mechanical) actuation.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for a vehicle includes a housing, in which at least one sensor unit is arranged. The at least one sensor unit determines a pressure difference between a pressure at a measurement connection point and atmospheric pressure. The at least one sensor unit senses the atmospheric pressure at at least two reference pressure bores. The disclosure further relates to a braking system for a vehicle, having at least one such pressure sensor. A sensor dewatering means comprises a connection channel, which connects the at least two reference pressure bores to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric media gap machine (10) for a compressor and/or a turbine, in particular for a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, including a shaft (5) which is rotatably mounted in a housing (6) and on which a rotor (11) is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, a stator (12) which is fixed to the housing and which has at least one multi-phase drive coil (16) for generating a drive magnetic field and multiple stator teeth (15) that protrude radially inward, and a device (17) which is fixed to the stator for optimizing the flow of a medium flowing through the media gap machine. The device (17) has a cover cap (18) which covers at least the rotor (11) upstream thereof, wherein the cover cap (18) is adjoined by an inner sleeve (19) which surrounds the rotor (11) completely in the circumferential direction and at least partly in the axial direction.

Abstract: A steering gear for a steering system of a motor vehicle includes a casing, a toothed gear, a pinion that meshes with the toothed gear, and a pinion shaft that comprises the pinion. The pinion shaft is mounted in a fixed bearing which comprises a rotary bearing in which the pinion shaft is received and which is received in a plastic bearing sleeve. The fixed bearing includes a pivot ring, which has outer and inner rings that are pivotably connected via one or more torsion webs. The torsion webs each extend through an opening in the bearing sleeve. The opening is defined by delimiting surfaces in which at least one of those delimiting surfaces is configured to prevent mechanical overloading of the plastic in the region of said delimiting surfaces as a result of contact with the torsion webs that are functionally deformed during the operation of the steering gear.