Abstract: To control the turning direction of a vehicle having wheels with fixed axles or tracks at the respective sides of the vehicle, a steering wheel (1) is coupled to a wheel position transducer (11); a direction control lever (2) is coupled to a position transducer (12), providing forward and reverse (F-REV) driving direction signals. The signals are so arranged that, for turning in respectively opposite directions, signals of positive or negative polarity, with a level varying with the turning radius, are provided; for forward or reverse, respectively, signals of varying polarity are provided.

Abstract: An electronically controlled or regulated fuel metering system for an internal combustion engine having one sensor each for the air flow in the intake tube and for the throttle valve position is proposed. In accordance with the signals of these sensors, influence can be exerted upon at least one of the operating states of lambda regulation, full load and fuel quantity limitation. The fundamental concept is that not only the air flow rate signal or only the signal relating to an opened throttle valve should be evaluated as a full-load signal but that the full-load state is presumed to exist when, with the throttle valve opened, the air throughput in the intake tube simultaneously exceeds a predetermined value as well. The same condition applies to full-load enrichment. The overall result is cleaner exhaust gas.

Abstract: A timing wave generator 26 provides the same input to two threshold switches that switch on at approximately the same time but have different switching hysteresis. The switch with the smaller hysteresis can affect ignition timing only through a delay circuit while the other can do so directly. If the engine stalls the delay circuit will assure that the primary current is shut off in a short time. In normal operation the large hysteresis of one of the threshold switches is in control and provides insensitivity to disturbance, but during startup the characteristics of the delay circuit can provide the appropriate ignition timing.

Abstract: A blank 1 is removed from a strip of material 2 and placed in a die against which a lower punch and an upper punch are operable. In one step, by moving of the lower punch upwardly, shaped to form the pole core or pole piece, and the upper punch against the blank in the die, the pole piece, pole shoes, and outer pole radii at the end portions are formed. If desired, the pole can be perforated and the perforation formed with a thread, and accurately sized in the subsequent cutting and sizing step.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in a removeable partition wall system wherein gypsum board panels, having suspension assemblies attached thereto, are suspended from horizontal channel support members extending through cut-outs formed in the webs of vertical channel stud members. The support members are preferably V-shaped or semi-circularly shaped. The cut-out comprises upper and lower portions. The upper portion is sized to permit the support member to be inserted therethrough on edge. The lower portion forms a seat dimensioned and shaped to conform with the outline of the support member. The cut-out is formed to provide locking shoulders, at the confluence of the upper and lower portions, which function to hold the support member (when seated) against rotation or vertical displacement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the injected fuel quantity in internal combustion engines having self-ignition are proposed. A performance graph is prepared which includes the injected fuel quantity per stroke in accordance with the injection duration, with the rpm as a parameter. In order to avoid a fictive 0 point, the injection duration is shortened by a predetermined period of time and multiplicatively linked with an rpm signal, while linear rpm correction curves having a dependency of the rpm voltage on the injection duration can be assumed. At the output of an integrator by means of a sample and hold circuit, an injection quantity signal is produced whenever the rpm signal (Un) is supplied to the integrator for the integration process and the duration of the integration is determined on the basis of the injection duration signal (SD).

Abstract: To provide both for soft-switching, that is, elimination of switching clicks, and rapid rise and decay of tone supply from a frequency generator (10) to an audio transducer (13), two electronic switches (11, 16) are provided, one interrupting connection from the source to an audio amplifier amplifying the signals for the transducer, and the other (16) effectively short-circuiting the amplifier, the switches having current transfer/time characteristics to provide for gradual current rise and current decay through the amplifier, and hence gradual rise and drop of the level of output from the transducer with sufficiently steep flanks, however, to effectively eliminate harmonics and hence high-frequency switching clicks. Typical switches use opto couplers with an instantaneous ON optical element such as a light emitting diode (30, 36) illuminating a photo resistor (31, 37) which has resistance change vs. time characteristics following an exponential function.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump, embodied as a series pump, has a governor rod for rotating a pump piston provided with an oblique control groove. The pump piston further has at least one longitudinal groove, by means of which upon congruence with a fill and relief opening of the pump work chamber, a zero fuel supply can be established. With electrically controlled actuation of the governor rod, the appropriate adjustment of the end stops of the governor rod or the appropriate embodiment of the pump piston assures that the opening comes into congruence with a longitudinal groove adjoining the full-load working zone of the pump piston before the end stop of the governor rod is reached.

Abstract: To improve the output sensitivity of two concentric, telescopic sleeves (8, 9), respectively secured at their end portions to stub shafts (2, 5; 3, 4) which are aligned, and connected, for example, by a torsion element (1), so that torque being transmitted by the shafts through the torsion element can be determined, the sleeves are cut with axial slits (11, 16, 17) in which the cuts of one of the sleeves extend only over half the axial length and are offset with respect to each other, two windings (20, 21) being wound over a winding form (18) surrounding the outer one of the sleeves, and positioned centrally with respect to the half-slits (16, 17); upon applying high-frequency alternating current to the windings, and relative rotation of the sleeves, which will bring one of the half-slits in alignment with the axially extending slit (11) in the other sleeve, while rotating the other half-slit out of alignment, changes in inductance of the windings can be determined due to change in eddy currents being induced

Abstract: To facilitate manufacture and assembly of a vibration sensor, particularly to sense knocking vibrations or incipient knocking in an internal conbustion (IC) engine, piezoelectric elements are secured to the machine or cylinder or a cylinder head bolt, the vibration of which is to be sensed, and a flexing strip is resiliently engaged with a surface of the piezoelectric element or elements, and arranged transverse to the direction of vibration of the machine or IC engine. In a preferred form, the piezoelectric element can be a tubular structure (FIG. 4: 19) located in a cross bore (16) of a cylinder head bolt, the free swinging flexing element (21) being positioned within the hollow portion of the tubular piezoelectric element and pressed against an outer end face by a spring engaging laterally projecting wings (22) secured to the flexing strip.

Abstract: A power driven hammer drill has a tool impacting mechanism, a wobble unit for reciprocating the tool striking mechanism and having a drum member which can be releasably coupled with an intermediate shaft driven by a motor, wherein a switching device is provided outside of a hammer drill housing and arranged so as to disengage a coupling element of the intermediate shaft out of a coupling element of the drum member of the wobble unit against the action of a spring.

Abstract: A light guide element, secured in a spark plug-like housing and positioned, for example, within a metallic tube forming a spark plug connector, is coated at the end facing the combustion chamber with a light-impervious material viz: graphite, the graphite emitting radiation upon influence of heat arising within the combustion chamber, which radiation is transmitted to the optical pick-up for subsequent photo-electric evaluation thereof. The optical pick-up is, for example, a quartz glass rod coupled to a light guide cable, or directly coupled to an opto-electrical transducer.

Abstract: In order to prevent erosion of the pump housing caused by the fuel stream exiting from the return flow openings at the end of injection, it is proposed that the fuel injection pump be provided with an impact protection ring pushed over the cylinder bushing. Adjacent to a cylindrical wall portion, the impact protection ring carries a radially outwardly bent, circular-annular collar. The collar rests on an abutment shoulder disposed above the return flow openings and has an end face whose area is a multiple of the cross sectional area of the cylindrical wall portion. The impact protection ring encloses an annular chamber, provided with a narrow radial gap (s), in the vicinity of the return flow opening and is pressed by a snap ring against the abutment shoulder.

Abstract: The invention relates to an rpm governor of a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, in which a positive or negative adaptation is attainable by way of a hydraulically actuated piston. The fluid pressure determining the piston position is variable by means of a valve in an outflow conduit from the control pressure chamber.

Abstract: A air flow rate meter apparatus includes an air bypass line, which branches off from a filter housing on the air intake fitting of an internal combustion engine and discharges at a restriction of the air intake tube upstream of a throttle valve. An injection valve is disposed in the restricted section, ejecting fuel in the direction toward a throttle valve. The air bypass line extends vertically and has a first U-shaped section, the connecting portion of which is located at a lower level than its legs. A temperature-dependent resistor in the form of a hot wire or hot strip is disposed in the downstream leg of the first U-shaped section, so that during a burnoff procedure of the temperature-dependent resistor a flow is effected in the direction toward the mouth of the air bypass line, thus preventing the aspiration of a fuel-air mixture into the air bypass line and thus avoiding the danger of ignition with the possible destruction of the temperature-dependent resistor.

Abstract: This invention relates to an adapter for coupling a toilet bowl, such as residential toilet bowl, to a flush device that is generally utilized in a commercial close coupled water-closet combination. The adapter includes a substrate having a hole therethrough, fasteners on opposite sides of the hole for attaching the substrate to a toilet bowl, a hollow fitting extending through the hole and attached to the substrate and extending both above and below the substrate and a rigidly flexible gasket frictionally attached to the fitting below the bottom surface of the substrate. The fitting has threads on the outer surface thereof for at least that portion of the fitting that extends above the substrate. The fitting has a flared circumference on that portion of its surface below the substrate. The flexible gasket is attached to the flared circumference below the substrate to form an extension of the fitting.

Abstract: A digital main store having a capacity of one field and a buffer store of much lower capacity upstream of the main store are so arranged that the buffer control controls the buffer store to compensate frequency differences between an input television signal and a reference signal. An address generator controls the main store to compensate phase differences between the two signals.

Abstract: The housing (2) retains six permanent magnets (3-8) which are curved and rest on the inner wall (9) of the housing (2). They are fixed and held in the circumferential position by holder parts (13; 14; 47) located by guide protrusions (11, 12) in the housing (2). The holder parts have yielding holder sections (15; 25; 49) with circumferentially extending axially springy flaps (21; 22; 29, 30) or bridge elements (48) to hold the permanent magnets (3-8) and yet permit compensation for tolerances while being resistant to vibratrion. For axial positioning, the holder parts have a spacer (23; 32) resting on the bearing cap (39).

Abstract: In order to eliminate from an ion current sensor signals which are not derived from knocking of an engine, the ion current sensor signal is evaluated by a high-pass - low-pass filter to filter out signals of frequencies extraneous to knocking frequencies, using, preferably, a digital filter including two timing stages (11, 13) connected to a counter; to inhibit response of the circuit, an interrupter switch (8) is included in the evaluation circuit, which is opened upon sensing of disturbance signals due to ignition events, for example upon occurrence of ignition, by setting a timing stage (20) which maintains the switch open, and thus inhibits evaluation of oscillatory signals from the ion current sensor (1) for the timing duration thereof.