Abstract: To prevent undue low operating speed of an automotive vehicle engine if slippage of a driven wheel is sensed, the speeds of the driven wheels are sensed, and, when one of the driven wheels first exceeds a reference level, a braking effort is applied thereto, the other wheel, however, being permitted to slip or spin until the other wheel has reached either a predetermined speed, at which it is then selectively braked, or the engine has reached a predetermined engine speed level (n.sub.min), after which time the other wheel then can also be braked, or the spinning decreases due to lesser power being applied by the engine.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for determining the full-load limit of an internal combustion engine wherein a limit surface of a predeterminative full-load characteristic field is shifted to thereby compensate for the manufacturing tolerances occurring in the production of the internal combustion engine. The embodiment described relates to a diesel engine equipped with an electronic control unit. The full-load characteristic field of this internal combustion engine includes a smoke limit surface, an exhaust gas temperature limit surface and a combustion pressure limit surface. A further limit surface of constant torque is added to these limit surfaces. In order to provide for compensation of the manufacturing tolerances occurring in the production of internal combustion engines, the constant torque limit surface is shifted so as to possess a specific predeterminative value.

Abstract: A capacitor (12) which, by its charge or discharge, times the interval between successive signals at a computer output point which is being monitored so as to provide a reset signal to the computer when the interval exceeds a predetermined normal value, is held in a charge condition which produces a reset signal to the computer component, for a predetermined time after power is turned on. In one embodiment a transistor in circuit with resistances and another capacitance is used for that function and in another embodiment an additional comparator responsive to the rise of the supply voltage up to a threshold value provides that function. The circuit can be designed to provide reset signals of either logic value (0 or 1).

Abstract: A hydraulic brake booster including main cylinders operative relative to a pedal stroke by which a sufficient pedal stroke is still available in the event of a failure in the pressure supply so that the brakes can be actuated by the pedal stroke and furthermore flooring of the brake pedal is avoided in the event of failure of the fluid medium power supply.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump is proposed, which is provided with a hydraulically operating injection adjuster device which is acted upon by a pressure which is determined by the feed pressure of a feed pump driven in synchronism with the fuel injection pump and by the control behavior of a pressure control valve. The pressure control valve has a piston controlling a relief line, and the piston is controllable by means of the pressure to be fed in, counter to the restoring force of a spring, and counter to a pressure controlled via a pressure maintenance valve and a switchable relief valve disposed parallel thereto. The valve is also connected to a device for adjusting the biasing of an idling spring of the governor of the fuel injection pump. With the increasing of the set pressure for the injection adjusting device upon closure of the valve, the biasing of the idling spring and thereby the idling rpm are both increased whenever the instant of injection is shifted toward "early" during starting and warmup.

Abstract: A system for time compression and/or expansion of video signals is disclosed. Samples of the video signals are interpolated, written in a memory and read out of the memory. Clock signals used for writing into and reading from the memory include a continuous pulse sequence and a pulse sequence having the same pulse frequency except that certain pulses are suppressed in accordance with predetermined compression of expansion factors. In this manner a substantially continuous compression or expansion is obtained by using a circuit of relatively simple design.

Abstract: A signal representative of the mass moment of inertia of a grinding wheel and its drive motor is integrated for a fixed time interval during start-up of the motor beginning when the motor speed or the motor current has reached a predetermined small value, and the integration result is stored until the integrator and storage circuit are reset by a new start-up operation. The integrator result is used to modify a voltage which represents a desired operating speed so as to compensate for differences in value of the mass moment of inertia, making the desired speed smaller when the mass moment of inertia is greater, and vice versa. The result is to hit the desired speed in a manner compensating for the wearing down of the diameter of the grinding wheel, so that the peripheral speed of the grinding wheel is regulated at a substantially constant speed, even though in successive start-ups the grinding wheel diameter diminishes.

Abstract: To allow for apparatus tolerances, aging of equipment, and changes in operation, for example due to changes in temperature, in a closed-loop servo system in which an operator-controlled fuel supply control element (1) provides, via a coupled command control transducer (2), a signal to control a positioning motor (8) which moves a fuel supply control element (9, 29) in accordance with deflection of the operator control panel, a logic and calculating element, in form of a microprocessor (3) is provided, included in the control loop.

Abstract: A method is proposed for self-monitoring of microcomputer-controlled network devices (10) in motor vehicles which in accordance with applied transducer signals execute specified functions and upon detecting an error store a corresponding data word in memory. For indicating the error, the data word is converted into a signal train or voltage and detected by means of voltage measurement. This is preferably accomplished by inserting a diagnosis insert-plug (42) between the transducer lines and the network device (10). A voltmeter (47) can be connected to this test adapter and indicates this signal train or voltage. A specific type of error is associated with a specific voltage. As a result, a diagnosis which is as detailed as desired, of a complicated system, can be performed with a simple voltmeter (47) available in commerce.

Abstract: An arrangement for removing soot particles and other solid particles from exhaust gas of power vehicles, comprises a soot deflector arranged to receive exhaust gas and having a first outlet for a cleaned exhaust gas stream and a second outlet for a soot-containing exhaust gas stream, and a soot collector connected with the second outlet and arranged for removing soot, the soot collector being formed as an exhaust gas-impermeable collecting container fixedly mountable in a power vehicle, the collecting container having a soot removing pipe arranged to extend through a vehicle wall outwardly and having a closeable and openable end, the collecting container also having a filter-covered exhaust gas outlet pipe, the soot collector having a removable closing cover arranged to close and to open the one end of the soot removing pipe, and a filter which covers the exhaust gas outlet pipe.

Abstract: To prevent jolts or shocks interfering with smooth operation of an automotive vehicle upon disengagement of an automatic free-wheeling arrangement and reestablishment of engine braking, a control element (22, 23) is provided, controlled by the system, typically coupled to the brake light switch, which reestablishes positive drive connection between engine and wheels to permit engine braking, to reduce the torque supplied by the engine at the re-engagement instant, to thereby insure smooth transition from free-wheeling to engine braking. Preferably, the engine speed is sensed, and the speed of the shaft beyond the free-wheeling arrangement is sensed (points A, B), and engine torque is reduced just before synchronism is achieved.

Abstract: To form a commutator segmental ring, an intermediate stage commutator ring (4) is formed from a flat strip (1) of commutator material which is bent into essentially cylindrical tubular shape to form a blank (2) having a gap or crack (3) adjacent the ends of the strip. The commutator ring, upon forming of the commutator, is severed into commutator segments. The gap or crack of the blank is aligned with a ridge or rib in a forming punch press to form a groove within the essentially cylindrical tubular blank (2) so that, when the intermediate stage commutator ring (4) is made, a cylindrical portion (5) already dimensioned for the intermediate segmental ring and a flange portion (6) are made, with a groove in alignment with the gap or crack obtained during cold-flowing of the metal in the press by the guidance afforded by the rib or ridge in the gap or crack of the cylindrical tubular blank.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having an arbitrarily actuatable adjustment lever, the movement of which lever is fed as a set-point variable to an rpm governor for the purpose of fuel metering. Between the arbitrary adjustment and its intervention with the rpm governor, for example on the governor spring, there is a coupling device which has a nonlinear relationship between the arbitrary adjustment and the degree of intervention with the rpm governor. This coupling device for generating the nonlinear relationship has a unilateral lever supported in a stationary manner and having an oblong slot in its longitudinal axis, in which slot a guide element, attached to an adjusting device such as an auxiliary adjusting lever to arranged to slide. The arbitrary adjustment engages the adjusting device, and the lever acts upon the rpm governor.

Abstract: A device for reducing slip of drive wheels of a motor vehicle having a turbo charged internal combustion engine includes a charger control unit which controls or regulates the charged air in dependency on at least rotary speed of the engine and in addition on information about the shifted gear in the transmission of the vehicle. For each gear change a maximum permissible time change of rotary speed or in dependency on the rotary speed a maximum permissible charge air pressure is determined experimentally and the latter values are stored in a storing device. By comparing the stored values with the actual values an optimum acceleration of the engine can be obtained. By a simultaneous adjustment of the ignition time point or of the amount of supplied fuel the speed of response of the entire arrangement is further increased.

Abstract: A main brake cylinder for vehicle brake systems, in which a control valve effects the application of an auxiliary force to at least one brake piston. Additionally engaging the control valve and supplementarily for possibly adjusting the brake pedal is an arbitrarily actuatable final control element, which is triggered by electrical signals of any desired form and duration. As a result, a feeding of pressure into the brake circuit is effected independently of the brake pedal actuation and as a function of electrical control signals, as a result of which a multiplicity of further possible applications of such a brake valve are afforded, for instance in order to realize a drive slippage regulation, self-diagnosis as to tightness, function, output and pressure supply, and stepped braking.

Abstract: A thin-film strain gauge and a method for producing it are proposed; the strain gauge is advantageously capable of integration into a thin-film circuit. The strain gauge comprises an elastically deformable spring element in combination with at least one elongation-sensitive resistor. The resistor disposition (R1-R4), the low-impedance connections (L11-L42) between the various resistance regions and the associated connection tracks (L5-L8) are applied in a vacuum process, preferably by cathode sputtering. The low-impedance connections (L11-L42) and the connection tracks (L5-L8) are of material which, although different from the material making up the actual resistance region, still has approximately the same temperature coefficient of resistance, so as to preclude errors caused by temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed which serves to control the quantity of exhaust gas recirculated from the exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine to its intake side. The apparatus includes a pneumatic final control element having a diaphragm defining a work chamber, the diaphragm arranged to actuate a valve closing member of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve. Via a control pressure line, a flow line leading to the atmosphere and a connecting line leading to the intake tube downstream of a throttle valve are connected to the work chamber. A check valve opening toward the intake tube, a reservoir and a throttle restriction are disposed in the connecting line. A bypass line having a bypass valve bypasses the throttle restriction.

Abstract: The reflector of a headlight is tiltably mounted to a housing by means of an articulated fixed support and by two articulated adjustable supports. Each support includes a first interlocking part step engaging a recess in the housing and a second interlocking part snap engaging a stud at the rear wall of the reflector. The first and second interlocking parts are joined together by a ball and socket joint and all these parts are linked together in the same direction which is parallel to the optical axis of the reflector.

Abstract: An apparatus for the injection of fuel into combustion chambers, in particular of self-igniting internal combustion engines, having an injection nozzle (10) and a subsequent glow body (20), which has a conduit (30) surrounded by heatable walls (26) and serving for the passage therethrough of the injected streams. At least one lateral opening (32) discharges into this conduit (30), the opening preferably communicating with a region (46) of the combustion chamber (36) remote from the core region of the ignition. The air aspirated through the lateral opening (32) warms up and enters into the peripheral zone of the injected streams, where the result is an air-fuel ratio and temperature conditions which are very favorable for ignition. Less heat energy is required to initiate the ignition than in the known apparatus of this general type.

Abstract: A TV transmission system having an increased picture quality. Depending on whether the picture to be transmitted is a still picture or a motion picture, the TV signals are derived either from the scanning of the scene or by interpolation from consecutive scanning lines. The scanning at the transmission side is performed at a higher number than the standard number of picture lines of the system.