Abstract: Methods of fabricating an integrated circuit device are provided. The methods may form feature patterns on a substrate using a quadruple patterning technology (QPT) process including one photolithography process and two double patterning processes. Sacrificial spacers obtained by first double patterning process and spacers obtained by second double patterning process may be formed on a feature layer at an equal level.

Abstract: A method and an electronic device are provided in which, in response to a first user input, a stack of partially overlaid visual elements is displayed in response to the first user input. Each visual element corresponds to an application that is running in the electronic device and includes an index item representing the corresponding application. A second user input for selecting a visual element from the stack of partially overlaid visual elements is received through the touchscreen. An execution screen of an application corresponding to the selected visual element is displayed.

Abstract: An input method of an electronic device using an input device including a drawing unit is provided. The input method includes acquiring drawing unit related information, confirming an attribute of the drawing unit based on the acquired drawing unit-related information, receiving a drawing input by an input device, to which the drawing unit is attached, using a touch panel of the electronic device, and outputting a drawing expression through the display of the electronic device in response to an attribute of the drawing unit and a drawing pattern of the drawing input.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G communication system such as LTE. An embodiment of the present specification relates to an apparatus and a method for MIMO transmission and reception in a closed-loop beamforming system. A communication method of a base station, according to one embodiment of the present invention, may comprise the steps of: transmitting information for channel measurement to a terminal; receiving channel-related information from the terminal; transmitting a first symbol via at least two antennas; and transmitting a second symbol via the at least two antennas by applying different channel mapping rules to the second symbol in the at least two antennas. One embodiment of the present invention can improve overall performance without downward leveling by a symbol transmitted via an antenna having low average channel power.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of training a convolutional neural network (CNN) are provided. A method of training a CNN including a plurality of convolution layers stored in a memory involves approximating, using a processor, a convolution layer among the plurality of convolution layers using a low-rank approximation; reducing the number of output reconstruction filters of the approximated convolution layer; and modifying a structure of the CNN based on an approximation result and the reduced number of output reconstruction filters.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). A communication method of a user equipment (UE) in a dual connectivity (DC)-based mobile communication system in which a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG), the MCG is associated with a master eNB (MeNB) and the SCG is associated with a second eNB (SeNB) is provided. The method includes receiving measurement gap configuration information including a gap offset, determining a first sub-frame of a measurement gap at a system frame number (SFN) of at least one serving cell of the MCG and a sub-frame of the at least one serving cell of the MCG, wherein the SFN and the sub-frame are determined based on the gap offset, and performing a measurement on at least one serving cell at the first sub-frame.

Abstract: A method and a system for signaling and processing control information in a cloud cell environment are provided. According to an embodiment, in a cloud cell, a master Base Station (BS) coordinates with other BSs to determine resources available for use on communication links between a mobile station in the cloud cell and one or all the BSs during a scheduling interval. Based on the resources available, the master BS allocates cumulative resources associated with the BSs to the mobile station for the scheduling interval. Then, the master BS transmits resource allocation control information indicating the allocated cumulative resources to the mobile station over a communication link between the master BS and the mobile station. Upon receiving the resource allocation control information, the mobile station decodes the information and receives data packets from each of the BSs during the scheduling interval according to the decoded resource allocation control information.

Abstract: A method to generate an autonomous driving route of an autonomous vehicle includes: receiving an input image of a front view captured from the autonomous vehicle; calculating a gradient between the autonomous vehicle and a ground based on the input image; and generating the autonomous driving route based on the calculated gradient.

Abstract: An image display apparatus and a method of operating the image display apparatus are provided. An image display apparatus includes: a display; a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor configured to execute the instructions to: control the display to display a main view that provides an image of an area that corresponds to an angle of view in a 360-degree image, detect one or more objects in other areas of the 360-degree image than the area that corresponds to the angle of view in the 360-degree image, and control the display to display one or more sub-views that correspond to the one or more objects.

Abstract: A transmitter includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a frame starting symbol, at least one data symbol and a frame closing symbol; a pilot and reserved tone inserter configured to insert pilots and reserved tones in at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol such that positions of the reserved tones do not overlap positions of the pilots in the at least one of the frame starting symbol, the data symbol and the frame closing symbol; and a transmitter configured to transmit the frame in which the pilots and the reserved tones are inserted, wherein the reserved tones are not used to transmit data in the frame.

Abstract: A video encoding method, a video encoding apparatus, a video decoding method, and a video decoding apparatus are provided. The video encoding method includes producing a fast transform matrix based on a transform matrix which is used for frequency transformation on a block which has a predetermined size; producing a transformed block by transforming the block having the predetermined size by using the fast transform matrix; and performing scaling with respect to the transformed block in order to correct a difference between the transform matrix used for the frequency transformation and the fast transform matrix.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus and a method for controlling the cooking apparatus are provided. The cooking apparatus includes induction heating coils that include a high power burner in which a first heating coil and a second heating coil are concentric. The cooking apparatus includes a low power burner that includes a third heating coil and a fourth heating coil, a power supply unit that includes a first AC power supply unit and a second AC power supply unit which have a different phase from each other, and a coil driving unit that provides power supplied by the first AC power supply unit to the first heating coil, and provides power supplied by the second AC power supply unit to at least one of the second heating coil, the third heating coil, and the fourth heating coil.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a substrate includes an active region. A bit line structure extends across the active region. A landing pad is disposed on an end portion of the active region. A first spacer is disposed between the bit line structure and the landing pad. A second spacer is disposed between the first spacer and the landing pad. An air spacer is disposed between the first spacer and the second spacer. A capping pattern is disposed between a sidewall of the landing pad and a sidewall of the bit line structure. The capping pattern defines a top surface of the air spacer and comprises a metallic material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The method includes transmitting a service authorization request message to a first network device, the first network drive including a proximity-based service (ProSe) function, and receiving a service authorization response message from the first network device. The first terminal is a relay terminal capable of performing a UE-to-network relay function.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a processor configured to execute a roaming application, a communication circuit configured to enable a first subscriber identity module (SIM) and to communicate with a network based on the first SIM, and a memory configured to store data associated with the roaming application. The processor is further configured to, when a roaming service product is selected in the roaming application, download a second SIM corresponding to the roaming service product from a server and enable an activation menu of the roaming service product included in the roaming application, based on location information of the electronic device.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments is provided and includes a conductive inner module in which a plurality of layers are stacked; an electrical opening formed in at least a portion of the rim of the conductive inner module when stacking the plurality of layers; and an antenna module disposed at the periphery of the electrical opening, wherein the antenna module may include a feeding part formed on at least one of a plurality of layers forming the conductive inner module, and a conductive pattern which is connected to the feeding part and disposed circumferencing at least one of the electrical openings.

Abstract: A mobile station for use in a wireless network. The mobile station transmits feedback reports to a base station of the wireless network. The feedback reports comprise a first feedback report, a second feedback report and a third feedback report. The first feedback report includes a precoder type indication (PTI) value that indicates at least one of a period of the second feedback report and a period of the third feedback report. The PTI value indicates a ratio of the second feedback report period to the third feedback report period. The PTI value also indicates the selected feedback information contained in the second feedback report and the third feedback report.