Abstract: An object of the present invention is to find a drug which is useful for prevention of postoperative astigmatism. The present invention provides a preventive for postoperative astigmatism which comprises lactoferrin as an active ingredient. A preferred dosage form of the preventive for postoperative astigmatism is an ophthalmic solution, and a preferred concentration of lactoferrin is 0.1 to 1.0% (w/v).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide safe preservatives by combining components widely used as additives of aqueous liquids. Preferred preservatives are obtained by combining boric acid and/or borax, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Preservation effects can be enhanced by further combining cellulosic polymers with the preservatives.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to find further new pharmacological actions of useful mercaptoacylcysteine derivatives. The present invention relates to therapeutic agents for osteoarthritis comprising compounds represented by the following general formula [I] or salts thereof as active ingredients. In the formula, “A” is lower alkylene. The lower alkylene is exemplified by straight-chain or branched alkylene having one to six carbon atoms such as methylene, ethylene, (dimethyl)methylene or (diethyl)methylene.

Abstract: N-Substituted-N′-substituted urea derivatives represented by the following formula, analogs thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are herein provided. These compounds show a TNF-&agr; production inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to create compounds having urea structure as basic structure and having a sulfur atom and an amide bond in side chains and to find pharmacological effects thereof, particularly TNF-&agr; production inhibitory effects.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to create compounds having urea structure as basic structure and having a sulfur atom and an amide bond in side chains and to find pharmacological effects thereof, particularly TNF-&agr; production inhibitory effects. The present invention provides compounds represented by the following formula [I] wherein R1 is H, alkyl, aromatic, RA—CO—, RC—S—or the formula [II]; R2, R3 and R4 are H, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or aromatic; R5 and R6 are H, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or aromatic; R5 and R6 can together form a nonaromatic heterocyclic ring; R7 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxy, mercapto, phenyl, RB—O—, RC—S—, RD—COS—, RE—OCO—, RF—N(RG)— or —CONHOH; and A1 and A2 are alkylene.

Abstract: A method for preventing or treating drug dependence comprising administering to a human in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a 1,4-(diphenylalkyl)piperazine compound represented by the following formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is lower alkoxy; R2 is lower alkoxy; A is lower alkylene and B is lower alkylene;

Abstract: A scleral plug which releases a drug accurately in a specified amount. The scleral plug is formed from a blend of a high-molecular weight polylactic acid having a molecular weight of 40,000 or higher and a low-molecular weight polylactic acid having a molecular weight of 40,000 or lower, and contains a drug for treating or preventing a vitreoretinal disease. The high-molecular weight polylactic acid and the low-molecular weight polylactic acid are in a blending ratio of preferably 90/10 to 50/50, more preferably 90/10 to 70/30, and most preferably 80/20. The molecular weight of the high-molecular weight polylactic acid is preferably 40,000 to 200,000. The molecular weight of the low-molecular weight polylactic acid is preferably 3,000 to 40,000, and more preferably 5,000 to 20,000. The drug is, for example, an antiulcer agent, an antiviral agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antifungal agent or an antimicrobial.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous solution of lactoferrin which can be preserved for a long period of time. The aqueous preparation according to the present invention is an aqueous preparation which is characterized by containing a polyvalent inorganic or organic acid or a salt thereof whereby stability of lactoferrin is improved and is an aqueous preparation in which concentration of the polyvalent inorganic or organic acid or a salt thereof is 0.005% (w/v) or more. In the case of ophthalmic solutions, for example, the polyvalent inorganic or organic acid or a salt thereof is preferably 0.01-3.0% (w/v), particularly preferably 0.1-1.0% (w/v).

Abstract: A hydrophilic copolymer which is suitable for the production of an ocular lens such as an intraocular lens or a contact lens, and which is particularly suitable for a foldable intraocular lens, and also an intraocular lens made therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique enabling a drug of protein derivatives such as an interferon-&bgr; to be effectively applied to intraocular diseases such as diseases of a vitreous body, retina, and the like. Namely, the present invention provides a composition comprising a drug of protein derivatives adsorbed on a surface of fine particles of a lactic acid copolymer, and also a scleral plug formed from the composition. The average diameter of the fine particles is less than 1,000 nanometers, preferably within a range of 50 to 500 nanometers. The drug of protein derivatives is, for example, an interferon, particularly an interferon-&bgr;. The lactic acid copolymer preferably comprises lactic acid units and glycolic acid units.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting angiogenesis comprising administering to a patient (mammal, such as a human) in need thereof, a pharmaceutically effective amount of an angiogenesis inhibitor containing a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, either alone or in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The method of treatment may be used to treat diseases in which the angiogenesis participates, particularly retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion and retinal artery occlusion, neovascular glaucoma and tumors such as hemangioma.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel urea derivatives which have TNF-&agr; production inhibitory effects and are useful as therapeutic agents for various diseases, particularly as therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The urea derivatives according to the present invention are compounds represented by the formula [I] and salts thereof. In the formula, R1 is H, alkyl, phenyl or a group of the formula [`I]; R2 is H, alkyl, carboxyl or ester thereof or the like; R3 and R4 are each H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or the like; R5 is H, alkyl, hydroxy or the like; R6 is a nitrogen aromatic heterocycle; and A1 and A2 are alkylene.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel thiazolidine derivatives which are useful as drugs. The thiazolidine derivatives according to the present invention are compounds represented by the following general formula [I] and salts thereof, wherein R1 is alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl, phenylalkoxy, phenoxy, phenoxyalkyl, amino, alkylamino or a nonaromatic heterocycle; R2 is H or alkyl; R3 is H, alkyl or phenyl; R4 is H or alkyl; R5 is alkyl, halogenoalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, phenyl, phenylalkoxy, phenoxy, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, phenylalkoxycarbonyl or an aromatic heterocycle; A1 is alkylene; and A2 is alkylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by the following formula [I] or salts thereof which lower intraocular pressure by causing morphological change in trabecular meshwork cells. In the formula, R1 is H, lower alkyl, hydroxy, lower alkoxy or halogen, R2, R3 and R4 are H or lower alkyl, and . . . is a single bond or a double bond. When R3 and/or R4 is hydrogen, the amino can be protected by a protecting group.

Abstract: A method for preventing or treating drug dependence comprising administering to a human in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a 1,4-(diphenylalkyl)piperazine compound represented by the following formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is lower alkoxy; R2 is lower alkoxy; A is lower alkylene and B is lower alkylene; 1

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds represented by the following general formula [I] and salts thereof, which are useful as therapeutic agents for glaucoma, wherein R1 is H, lower alkyl or phenyl, and the phenyl can be substituted by lower alkyl, hydroxy, lower alkoxy, halogen, nitro or phenyl; R2 and R3, being the same or different, are H, halogen or lower alkyl; R4 and R5, being the same or different, are H, lower alkyl or carboxyl or ester thereof; and R6 is carboxyl or phosphono or ester thereof.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide novel urea derivatives which have TNF-&agr; production inhibitory effects and are useful as therapeutic agents for various diseases, particularly as therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The urea derivatives according to the present invention are compounds represented by the formula [I] and salts thereof. In the formula, R1 is H, alkyl, phenyl or a group of the formula [`I]; R2 is H, alkyl, carboxyl or ester thereof or the like; R3 and R4 are each H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or the like; R5 is H, alkyl, hydroxy or the like; R6 is a nitrogen aromatic heterocycle; and A1 and A2 are alkylene.

Abstract: A fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension containing fluorometholone as an active ingredient, wherein a cellulosic polymer, such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or methylcellulose, and a nonionic surfactant, such as polysorbate 80, are added thereto to increase the redispersibility of the fluorometholone. The amount of the cellulosic polymer is preferably 0.0001 to 0.003 (W/V) %, and the amount of the nonionic surfactant is preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 (W/V) %. The fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension has excellent redispersibility and hardly forms aggregates.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for glaucoma comprises (+)-(R)-3,4-Dihydro-2-[5-methoxy-2-[3-[N-methyl-N-[2-[(3,4-methylenedioxy) phenoxy]ethyl]amino]propoxy]phenyl]-4-methyl-3-oxo-2H-1,4-benzothiazine or its salt as active ingredient and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The therapeutic agent lowers the intraocular pressure upon topical or systemic administration.