Abstract: The invention relates to a metallocene complex according to formula (1) wherein M is a metal selected from lanthanides or transition metals from group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic System of the Elements, Q is an anionic ligand to M, k is the number of Q groups and equals the valence of M minus 2, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are identical or different and can be chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen and a hydrocarbon radical with 1-20 carbon atoms, and adjacent substituents Z can form a ring system together with the carbon atoms of the Cp ring to which they are bound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising (a) a metal M selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), ruthenium (Ru) and iridium (Ir), (b) tin (Sn), (c) zinc (Zn), (d) alkaline earth metal and (e) a porous metal oxide catalyst support, wherein the amount of each of elements (a), (b) and (d) is independently chosen in the range of from 0.1 to 5 wt. % based on the porous metal oxide catalyst support and wherein the amount of element (c) is chosen in the range of from 0.1 to 2 wt. % based on the porous metal oxide catalyst support. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said catalyst composition and its use in non-oxidative dehydrogenation of an alkane, preferably propane.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a formed catalyst can comprise: a Ge-ZSM-5 zeolite; a binder comprising silica with 1 to less than 5 wt % non-silica oxides; less than or equal to 0.1 wt % residual carbon; 0.4 to 1.5 wt % platinum; and 4.0 to 4.8 wt % Cs; wherein the weight percentages are based upon a total weight of the catalyst. In one embodiment, a method of making a formed catalyst can comprise: mixing an uncalcined Ge-ZSM-5 zeolite and a binder to form a mixture; forming the mixture into a formed zeolite; calcining the formed zeolite to result in the formed zeolite having less than or equal to 0.1 wt % of residual carbon; ion-exchanging the formed zeolite with cesium; depositing platinum on the formed zeolite; and heating the formed zeolite to result in a final catalyst; wherein the final catalyst comprises 4.0 to 4.8 wt % cesium and 0.4 to 1.5 wt % platinum.

Abstract: A method of producing a purified mixed xylene comprising: introducing toluene and methanol to an alkylation reactor (32); reacting the toluene and the methanol in the alkylation reactor (32) to form a hydrocarbon stream (22) comprising a first mixed xylene, wherein the alkylation reactor (32) comprises an alkylation catalyst; separating the hydrocarbon stream (22) into a toluene stream (24) and a separated C8+ stream (14); introducing the toluene stream (24) to a transalkylation reactor (38) with a transalkylation catalyst to produce a transalkylated stream (17) comprising a second mixed xylene; adding the transalkylated stream (17) to the hydrocarbon stream (22); and separating a C8 product stream (19) comprising the purified mixed xylene from the separated C8+ stream (14).

Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor comprising a plasma source and a catalyst comprising a mesoporous support. The invention also relates to a process comprising feeding methane to said reactor in order to obtain one or more of ethene, hydrogen and carbon as well as downstream products derived from ethene thus obtained. The invention relates to a reactor comprising as reactor parts: a. a housing and in said housing; b. a plasma source; and c. a catalyst, wherein said catalyst comprises as catalyst parts: i) a mesoporous support; ii) a metal selected from the group Pd, Ni, Ag or at least two thereof, wherein the metal is carried by said mesoporous support; wherein at least a part of said plasma source is located in said housing upstream of said catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst for performing carbon dioxide reforming of methane to produce syngas, that includes cobalt, nickel and magnesium oxides disposed a support.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process a system and a high pressure pump for the preparation of a copolymer of ethylene and a di- or higher functional (meth)acrylate in a tubular reactor, comprising the steps of: injecting ethylene at a pressure of 100 MPa to 350 MPa into the reactor from a high pressure compressor and injecting the (meth)acrylate at a pressure of 100 MPa to 350 MPa into the reactor from a high pressure pump, wherein the high pressure pump comprises—a pump suction chamber for receiving a medium to be compressed; —a cylinder for receiving the medium to be compressed from the pump suction chamber; —an outlet for discharging a compressed medium from the cylinder, —a seal fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder at an end of the cylinder distal to the outlet and—a plunger movable in the cylinder by sliding through the seal, wherein a leakage gap is present along the plunger and the leakage gap is fluidly connected to the pump suction chamber.

Abstract: In an embodiment: a method of making syngas in a metal reactor can comprise introducing carbon dioxide and hydrogen to the metal reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form the syngas, wherein the metal reactor comprises nickel and wherein the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are in physical contact with a wall of the metal reactor; and passivating the nickel with a sulfur containing compound.

Abstract: The present disclosures and inventions relate to methods for the preparation of acetic acid via the oxidation of ethane, including the preparation of high purity acetic acid that comprises very low concentrations of formic acid impurity. More specifically, described herein are methods for producing acetic acid comprising: a. producing a crude acetic acid composition comprising formic acid from ethane via ethane oxidation; and then b. purifying the crude acetic acid composition by crystallization to remove formic acid to achieve a purified acetic acid composition; wherein the formic acid is present in the purified acetic acid composition in an amount less than 0.2% by weight, based on the total weight of the purified acetic acid composition.

Abstract: Systems and methods for integrated production of aromatics and other chemicals are described. Systems and methods may include a process for producing benzene, methanol, butanals, dimethyl ethers, olefins and other chemicals that includes providing methane to a first reactor to produce a first product stream comprising benzene and hydrogen; recovering benzene and mixing the first product stream with a carbon dioxide and/or steam feed stream; providing the combined benzene depleted first product stream and carbon dioxide and/or steam feed stream to a second reactor to produce a second product stream comprising synthesis gas, water and unconverted methane and carbon dioxide; and providing the synthesis gas to a third reactor to produce a third product stream comprising methanol, butanals, and other chemicals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of reducing the ultraviolet-light absorbing properties of a composition comprising dioctyl phthalate, the method comprising (a) obtaining a composition comprising dioctyl phthalate and phthalide, wherein said composition has an absorbance of greater than 0.1 at a wavelength of about from 230 to 360 nm, (b) contacting the composition with activated carbon, silica gel, or diatomaceous earth, for a sufficient amount of time to allow the phthalide to contact the activated carbon, silica gel, or diatomaceous earth, and (c) removing the composition from the activated carbon, silica gel, or diatomaceous earth, wherein the composition obtained from step (c) has an absorbance equal to or less than about 0.1 at a wavelength of about from 230 to 360 nm and has a reduced amount of phthalide when compared with the composition from step (a).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polypropylene having: a molecular weight of 450,000-950,000, a molecular weight distribution of 3-6, and xylene soluble content of 2-6 wt %, by converting propylene into the polypropylene without pre-polymerization in the presence of a polymerization catalyst under a condition where the volume ratio of H2 to propylene is at most 0.0020, wherein the catalyst comprises a catalyst component and a co-catalyst, wherein the catalyst component is obtained by a process wherein a compound with formula Mg(OAlk)xCly wherein x is larger than 0 and smaller than 2, y equals 2?x and each Alk, independently, represents an alkyl group, is contacted with a titanium tetraalkoxide and/or an alcohol in the presence of an inert dispersant to give an intermediate reaction product and wherein the intermediate reaction product is contacted with titanium tetrachloride in the presence of an internal donor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst composition suitable for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes having 2-8 carbon atoms comprising silico-zinc aluminate, wherein the relative molar ratios of the elements comprised in said composition are represented by SixZn1-xAl2O4, wherein x stands for a number in the range from 0.003 to 0.76. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said catalyst composition, to a process for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes, preferably isobutane using said catalyst and to the use of said catalyst in a process for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a process of making C2+ hydrocarbons comprises contacting a feed comprising a methane steam reforming gas and an additional carbon dioxide with a manganese oxide-copper oxide catalyst to produce a product syngas in a contacting zone under isothermal conditions at a temperature of 620 to 650° C.; and converting the product syngas to C2+ hydrocarbons in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst; wherein the methane steam reforming gas has an initial H2:CO volume ratio greater than 3; wherein the product syngas has a H2:CO volume ratio of 1.5 to 3; and wherein the contacting further comprises removing water.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for recycling natural gas during a reformer startup in a methanol plant. The method comprises recycling natural gas from a point before entry into the natural gas saturator where the natural gas is recycled until the natural gas reaches a desired temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosures and inventions relate to a method including the steps of: a) introducing a natural gas; b) reforming the natural gas; wherein the reforming step comprises contacting the natural gas with steam to produce a syngas; c) converting the syngas to a product mixture comprising an olefin, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen; wherein the converting step comprises contacting the syngas with a Co/Mn catalyst; and d) converting at least some process hydrogen and at least some process and/or external carbon dioxide to syngas by a reverse water gas shift reaction, and recycling such reverse water gas shift reaction produced syngas to before step c).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a procatalyst, a co-catalyst and an external electron donor, wherein the external electron donor comprises a compound having the structure according to Formula I: Si(L)n(OR11)4-n (Formula I), wherein, Si is a silicon atom with valency 4+; O is an oxygen atom with valency 2? and O is bonded to Si via the silicon-oxygen bond; n is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R11 is a selected from the group consisting of linear, branched and cyclic alkyl having at most 20 carbon atoms and aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; L is a group represented by (Formula II), wherein, L is bonded to the silicon atom via the nitrogen-silicon bond; L has a single substituent on the nitrogen atom, where this single substituent is an imine carbon atom; and X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom; a heteroatom selected from group 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements; a linear, branched

Abstract: The present disclosures and inventions relate to a method comprising: a) introducing a natural gas; b) reforming the natural gas; wherein the reforming step comprises contacting the natural gas with steam to produce a syngas; c) converting the syngas to a product mixture comprising at least one olefin and a byproduct comprising a paraffin and a gasoline; wherein the converting step comprises contacting the syngas with a Co/Mn catalyst; and d) converting the byproduct to syngas.

Abstract: Methods for generating a purified catalyst are provided. The method includes performing a reaction in a reaction vessel to generate a liquid catalyst and reaction products, purging the reaction products using an inert gas to form a purged catalyst, freezing the purged catalyst in the reaction vessel, and applying a vacuum to the reaction vessel while the purged catalyst thaws, wherein the vacuum removes residual reaction products to form a purified catalyst. Systems for generating a purified catalyst and a purified catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising the compound represented by the Fischer projection of formula (I) as an internal electron donor, (I) wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and are independently selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, straight, branched and cyclic alkyl and aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R7 is selected from a group consisting of straight, branched and cyclic alkyl and aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and R8 is selected from a group consisting of aromatic substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbyl having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; N is nitrogen atom; O is oxygen atom; and C is carbon atom. The present invention also relates to a process for preparing said polymerization catalyst composition and to a polymerization catalyst system comprising said catalyst composition, a cocatalyst and optionally an external electron donor.