Abstract: An optically powered Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna may use a fiber-optic link to receive optical power and transmit an optical signal that contains a common time signal from one or more satellites, which may allow long-distance power and signal transmission with high efficiency and reliability. The common time signal may be used to synchronize intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) of an electric power delivery system.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to conductive cooling of a small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceiver. For example, an SFP transceiver assembly may include a cooling block and a thermally conductive pad having a thermally conductive material. The SFP transceiver assembly may include a spring finger that contacts the thermally conductive pad while the SFP transceiver is inserted into the SFP transceiver assembly to allow heat to be conducted from the SFP transceiver to the cooling block via the thermally conductive pad to conductively cool the SFP transceiver.

Abstract: Systems and methods testing a power protection relay include a merging unit to receive signals from an electric power delivery system. The merging unit includes a test signal input to receive test signals from a testing device, a relay output to output at least one of the test signals to a power protection relay, a distribution output to output at least another of the test signals to one or more additional merging units, and a switch subsystem to route the test signal to the relay output or the distribution output.

Abstract: Line-mounted devices for determining fault magnitude in an electric power delivery system even under current-transformer (CT) saturation are disclosed herein. Fault magnitude is calculated using unsaturated regions of a current waveform captured by the line-mounted device. The method of determining the unsaturated regions is computationally efficient. Fictitious peaks are removed, and the unsaturated regions are determined based on fractions of the valid peaks. Fault current magnitude is calculated using sample values in the unsaturated regions.

Abstract: Systems and methods to detect that a protective device is operating outside of a time inverse overcurrent tolerance region are described. For example, a central monitoring station may obtain a time inverse overcurrent tolerance region of a protective device on a power line. The central monitoring station may obtain a fault magnitude measurement and a fault duration measurement of a wireless line sensor on the power line. The central monitoring station may determine that the protective device is operating outside of the tolerance region based at least in part on the fault magnitude measurement and the fault duration measurement. The central monitoring station may provide a signal indicating that there is a potential issue with the protective device.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for improving security and simplifying authentication in a software defined network (“SDN”). In various embodiments, the systems and methods disclosed herein may be applied in operational technology networks, such as those used in electrical power systems. In one embodiment, a device to be authenticated may be in communication with a network device. The network device may receive authentication credentials from the device to be authenticated and may communicate the authentication credentials to an authenticator. The authenticator may assess and approve the authentication credentials and communicate approval of the authentication credentials to the network device. The network device may implement a plurality of communication flows associated with the device to be authenticated.

Abstract: Systems and methods to control a capacitor bank based on the power flow direction are described herein. For example, a capacitor bank controller (CBC) may determine a power flow direction based on one or more current measurements and one or more voltage measurements. The CBC may control the capacitor bank using a first quantity when the power flow direction is in a first direction. The CBC may control the capacitor bank using a second quantity when the power flow direction is in a second direction. The second quantity may be different from the first quantity to account for the relationship between sensors of the CBC with respect to the capacitor bank on the power line.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein relating to control of one or more components of an electric power system. A human machine interface (HMI) may be utilized to control and monitor a remote intelligent electronic device (IED) via a local intelligent electronic device (IED) connected to the HMI.

Abstract: A line-mounted device is used to provide power system signals to a device for detecting a fault and calculating a fault location using a traveling wave launched thereby. Current at the line-mounted device is used to separate incident and reflected traveling waves at a terminal. Times and polarities of traveling waves passing the line-mounted device and the terminal are compared to determine if the fault is located between the terminal and line-mounted device or at a location beyond the terminal or line-mounted device. Voltage of the traveling wave may be calculated using currents from the line-mounted device.

Abstract: Systems and methods to estimate trapped charge for a controlled automatic reclose are described herein. For example, an intelligent electronic device (IED) may calculate an analog amount of trapped charge of each phase of a power line based on voltage measurements of the power line. The IED may close a switching device of each phase at a time corresponding to a point-on-wave associated with the analog amount of trapped charge of the respective phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a feeder arm for a surface mount technology (SMT) machine. In an embodiment, the feeder arm includes a support body that is fastened to an SMT machine. The feeder arm includes a reel loading body that supports a reel of electrical components to allow the reel to be prepared for installation on the SMT machine. The feeder arm includes preparation circuitry configured to electrically connect the reel to allow the reel to be prepared. The feeder arm includes an articulating joint between the reel loading body and the support body. The articulating joint may articulate the second body between a first position and a second position.

Abstract: An electric power delivery system may be protected upon occurrence of a fault condition by the systems and methods disclosed herein by detecting the fault condition and signaling a protective action before the overcurrent condition reaches the protective equipment. The protective action may be an opening of a circuit breaker or engagement of a fault current limiter. The overcurrent condition may be a non-steady-state condition. The fault may be detected using traveling wave or incremental quantity techniques.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for generating a waterfall display to display a stream of high-speed data measurements. In one embodiment, a system may comprise a communication subsystem to receive a stream of high-speed data measurements. A waterfall generation subsystem may receive the stream of high-speed data measurements from the communication subsystem and identify a plurality of changes in the stream of high-speed data. A subset of data measurements may be selected that includes changes in the high-speed data. The changes may be highlighted through a plurality of modifications. A representation of the subset of data measurements in which changes are highlighted may be generated and presented at a rate below a perception threshold of a human operator. A waterfall display subsystem may generate a human-perceptible waterfall display to represent the stream of high-speed data measurements and the plurality of modifications.

Abstract: A fixed latency configurable tap or fixed-tap digital filter may filter a signal in a fixed amount of time, regardless of the number of taps. The filter may include one or more of a clock, a plurality of registers in a shift register, an adder, an accumulator, and/or a scaler. In at least one embodiment, a running average may be maintained as samples are received such that the latency remains fixed with a constant number of clock cycles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods of sag in a power line. In an embodiment, a monitoring device may include a distance sensor and an operating parameter sensor. A processor of the monitoring device may acquire, via the distance sensor, a first distance measurement. The processor may acquire, via the operating parameter sensor, a first operating parameter measurement. The processor may provide an output signal indicating that the power line is sagging when a combination of the first distance measurement and the first operating parameter measurement exceed a first combined distance-operating parameter threshold.

Abstract: Systems and methods for facilitating selected communications among primary protection relays using a supervisory system with a configurable input/output (IO) map. Primary protection relays may obtain signals from equipment associated with an electric power delivery system and provide primary protection without need for communication. The primary protection relays may communicate a unique identifier as well as signal values, states, and commands to the supervisory system. The supervisory system may route specifically identified communications among primary protection relays in accordance with a configurable IO map by transmitting selected portions of the communications on a port associated with the receiving primary protection relay. The primary protection relays may perform secondary protection and other operations using the communicated information.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for path planning in a programmable communications network with multipoint nodes. The multipoint nodes include nodes with multiple connections to the programmable communication network. Path planning determines source multipoint nodes and destination multipoint nodes. Paths are planned to avoid redundant delivery of messages to a single interface of the multipoint nodes. A network controller programs network communications devices with the determined paths. Multipoint nodes may include multipoint devices or traditional tie points.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to generating reference signals for distance and directional elements in power systems. For example, an intelligent electronic device (IED) may receive A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase electrical measurements of a power system. The IED may transform the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase measurements to a d-component, a q-component, and a 0-component. The IED may include an adaptive notch filter that reduces or eliminates a double frequency component that may be present when step changes of frequency and/or amplitude occur and/or when the A-phase, B-phase, and C-phase measurements have different amplitudes. By reducing the double frequency component, the IED may generate a more accurate ? which may allow for more accurately tracking changes to the polarizing source. Further, the IED may separately add inertia to the estimated angular frequency used in generating a reference signal.

Abstract: A generator system includes a generator including terminals, a generator circuit breaker coupled to the terminals and that couples and decouples the generator from a power grid, multiple sensors, and a controller that operates the generator system. The controller determines whether an active power is less than a reverse active power threshold and whether one or more turbine valves are closed, and determines that a breaker failure has occurred based on the active power being less than the reverse active power threshold and the one or more turbine valves being closed. If the active power remains less than the reverse active power and the turbine valves remain closed after a threshold time period after the trip command, and if a reactive power is less than a reverse reactive power threshold, then a breaker failure has occurred. In response, the controller may transmit another trip command to the generator circuit breaker to initiate the breaker failure protection.

Abstract: Electric power system voltage control and voltage stability may be calculated using energy packets. Sets of negative energy packet sets normalized by a set of positive and negative energy packet sets may be used for voltage control by adding or removing capacitive units. Energy packet voltage indicators may be calculated using energy packets, and used to determine voltage stability. Control actions may be taken depending on the determined voltage stability.