Abstract: Electric power system voltage control and voltage stability may be calculated using energy packets. Sets of negative energy packet sets normalized by a set of positive and negative energy packet sets may be used for voltage control by adding or removing capacitive units. Energy packet voltage indicators may be calculated using energy packets, and used to determine voltage stability. Control actions may be taken depending on the determined voltage stability.

Abstract: The present application relates to autonomous and/or real-time monitoring of power transmission devices using an unmanned vehicle. The unmanned vehicle may have a modular payload that controls the unmanned vehicle's positioning and orientation. The modular payload may include processing circuitry that controls data acquisition and perform processing of the collected data. Processing of the collected data may include determinations of the type of power transmission device being monitored and/or determinations of the operational status of the power transmission device being monitored. Communication between the autonomous vehicle and/or payload and the power transmission device may be established using radiofrequency data links.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for maintaining protection of electric power delivery systems in the event of a control power failure or other anomaly. A reliable power module conditions electric power from multiple independent sources and provides electrical operational power to electric power delivery system protective loads. The reliable power module includes an energy storage device for providing operational power even upon loss of all control power sources. The energy storage may be sufficient to ride through expected losses such as a time to start up backup generation. The energy storage may be sufficient to power a trip coil. Thus, electric power system protection is maintained even upon loss of control power. A discharge circuit is provided to allow an operator to de-energize an energy storage device.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for analyzing traveling waves in an electric power delivery system. In one embodiment, a system may comprise a traveling wave identification subsystem to receive electric power system signals and identify a plurality of incident, reflected, and transmitted traveling waves. A first traveling wave may be selected from the incident and transmitted traveling waves, and a first distortion may be determined. A second traveling wave subsequent to the first traveling wave, may selected from the incident traveling waves and a second distortion may be determined. A traveling wave analysis subsystem may compare the first distortion and the second distortion and determine whether the first distortion is consistent with the second distortion. A protective action subsystem may implement a protective action based on a first determination that the first distortion is consistent with the second distortion.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein may be used to search for a minimum load overshed in a power system. For example, a control system includes memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory. The processor may obtain an amount of power consumed by each load in a total set of loads in a microgrid. The processor may detect a difference between the amount of power generated and the amount of power consumed. The processor may select a subset of loads to shed from the total set of loads by searching a tree of potential load shed amounts to substantially balance the amount of power generated with the amount of power consumed. The processor may send one or more signals to one or more electronic devices to cause the selected subset of loads to be shed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to powering distributed sensors used to monitor electrical and/or environmental conditions and to powering other equipment associated with electric power systems. In one embodiment, a system may be used to mount a sensor in proximity to a reference conductor. An electric field power conversion subsystem may generate a usable electric potential from an electric field created by the electric power system and existing between the reference conductor and another conductor (e.g., another phase conductor, a ground conductor). The sensor powered by the usable electric potential may provide a measurement of a condition associated with the electric power system. A communication subsystem powered by the usable electric potential may communicate the measurement of the condition to a monitoring system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems for maintaining protection of electric power delivery systems in the event of a control power failure or other anomaly. A reliable power module conditions electric power from multiple independent sources and provides electrical operational power to electric power delivery system protective loads. The reliable power module includes an energy storage device for providing operational power even upon loss of all control power sources. The energy storage may be sufficient to ride through expected losses such as a time to start up backup generation. The energy storage may be sufficient to power a trip coil. Thus, electric power system protection is maintained even upon loss of control power. A discharge circuit is provided to allow an operator to de-energize an energy storage device.

Abstract: A transformer system including a transformer including a set of wye windings, a three-phase current transformer, a neutral-current transformer, and a controller. The three-phase current transformer outputs a first signal indicative of a three-phase current conducting through the set of wye windings and the three-phase current transformer. The neutral-current transformer couples the current flowing from the ground to the neutral node of the transformer, and outputs a second signal indicative of a neutral current conducting from the ground node to the neutral node of the transformer. The controller receives the first signal and the second signal, determines whether an external ground fault condition or an internal ground fault condition is present based on the three-phase current and the neutral current, and determines whether a wiring error is present for the three-phase current transformer or the neutral-current transformer based on the three-phase current and the neutral current.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein may be used to search for a minimum load overshed in a power system. For example, a control system includes memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory. The processor may obtain an amount of power consumed by each load in a total set of loads in a microgrid. The processor may detect a difference between the amount of power generated and the amount of power consumed. The processor may select a subset of loads to shed from the total set of loads by searching a tree of potential load shed amounts to substantially balance the amount of power generated with the amount of power consumed. The processor may send one or more signals to one or more electronic devices to cause the selected subset of loads to be shed.

Abstract: In-phase transfer of an electric power source to a load bus from a first feeder to a second feeder is disclosed herein. Voltage phase difference, voltage frequency difference, and voltage rate-of-change of frequency difference, between the second feeder and the load bus are used along with a breaker delay time to determine whether the breaker will close while the phase of the second feeder and the load bus are within an acceptable range. One or more breaker close time checks may be performed, including a breaker close time consistency check and a breaker close time uncertainty check.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods of predicting voltages for various contingencies. For example, a monitoring system may include a processor that acquires at least one contingency of an electric power delivery system. The processor may acquire an expected control action based on the at least one contingency from controllers/IEDs. The processor may predict a voltage of at least one bus of the electric power delivery system by simulating the change in the state of the electric power delivery system caused by the expected control action. The processor may determine that the voltage of the at least one bus is predicted to violate one or more operational settings of the electric power delivery system if the at least one contingency were to occur. The processor may provide an indication that the voltage violates the one or more operational settings on a display of the electronic device.

Abstract: A controller may use energy packets to control a prime mover of a machine. The controller may include an energy packet measurement control to calculate energy packets and convert the energy packets into a fuel valve reference. Further, a frequency control may receive system feedback associated with the monitored machine and generate a frequency correction based on the system feedback. The controller may add the energy packet value and the frequency correction to determine a prime mover power reference and provide the prime mover power reference to a fuel valve control of the machine.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods of handling Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) responses in a software defined network (SDN). In one embodiment, a system may comprise a controller in a control plane to generate an address store comprising information associated with a plurality of devices in communication with the SDN. The controller may also program a plurality of network devices in a data plane based on a plurality of communication flows. The network devices may forward traffic according to the plurality of communication flows received from the controller. The network device may also receive: a request from the first device for information associated with the second device, determine that the first device is authorized to communicate with the second device based on the plurality of communication flows, and generate a response to the request comprising the information associated with the second device based on the address store.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting a failover capability of a network device of a computer network are disclosed. A network controller, upon detecting incoming traffic from a network device, can disable the port of the network where the incoming traffic is detected. The network controller can then detect if the network device has failed over to send network traffic to the network via another port of the network, or determine the network device is incapable of failover communication if network traffic from the network device only arrives at the original port after that port is re-enabled.

Abstract: An intelligent electronic device (IED) may monitor wet stack residue buildup of a diesel engine. Once the wet stack residue accumulates to a certain amount, the IED may perform a mitigation procedure. Additionally, tracking wet stack residue buildup may allow an IED to attempt to prevent or reduce accumulation of the wet stack residue. The IED may track an operating power level of the diesel engine to estimate the rate of residue buildup.

Abstract: Systems and methods may be used to determine whether waveforms of at least two transmission lines are synchronous. More particularly, this disclosure relates to sensing operations that use signals received by a local relay and a remote relay to determine whether two waveforms on opposing ends (e.g., supply side and load side, local side and remote side) of a transmission line are synchronous with one another. A system may determine whether a first waveform is synchronous with a second waveform based at least in part on a comparison of delay between a representation of the first waveform and a representation of the second waveform. The system may actuate a device (e.g., close a circuit breaker) in response to determining the first waveform is synchronous with the second waveform.

Abstract: Systems for interfacing a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) adapter module to a receiver housing are provided. The receiver housing may have a first interface mounted on the receiver housing via a first mount and the PCBA adapter module may have a second interface mounted on the adapter module via a second mount. One of the interfaces has a protruding feature that aligns the interfaces when matingly engaged, while the other interface has a centering hole opposite the protruding feature. The first centering hole is enlarged with respect to an axis of an insertion-angle plane such that the protruding feature substantially clears the centering hole without causing either interface to exceed a limit of free-play between that interface and its respective mount.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods to detect faults in electric power delivery systems. In one embodiment, a data acquisition system may acquire a plurality of electric power delivery system signals from an electric power transmission line. A traveling wave system may detect a traveling wave based on the plurality of electric power delivery system signals received from the data acquisition system. The traveling wave may be analyzed using a first mode to determine a first mode arrival time and using a second mode to determine a second mode arrival time. A time difference between the first mode arrival time and the second mode arrival time may be determined. A fault location system may estimate or confirm a location of the fault based on the time difference. A protection action module may implement a protective action based on the location of the fault.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to shedding loads based on perturbation of active power and perturbation of reactive power. For instance, a method includes receiving electrical measurements of a power system. The method includes detecting a contingency in the power system. The method includes determining perturbation of the active power and perturbation of reactive power in the power system based on the electrical measurements. The method includes shedding one or more loads of the power system due to the contingency based on the perturbation of the active power and the perturbation of reactive power.

Abstract: Systems and methods may be used to determine whether waveforms of at least two transmission lines are synchronous. More particularly, this disclosure relates to sensing operations that use signals received by a local relay and a remote relay to determine whether two waveforms on opposing ends (e.g., supply side and load side, local side and remote side) of a transmission line are synchronous with one another. A system may determine whether a first waveform is synchronous with a second waveform based at least in part on a comparison of delay between a representation of the first waveform and a representation of the second waveform. The system may actuate a device (e.g., close a circuit breaker) in response to determining the first waveform is synchronous with the second waveform.