Abstract: An imaging pixel is provided. The imaging pixel includes a photodetector that outputs charge signals in response to incident light and laser pulses and a high-frequency path. A detector biasing circuit is further provided that biases high-frequency signals of the charge signals that are associated with the laser pulses to follow the high frequency path. The detector biasing circuit effectively filters low-frequency signal components of the charge signals from following the high-frequency path.

Abstract: A device and system for generating a broadband excitation signal and corresponding excitation field to a substance under test in an NMR system is presented. The excitation signal is generated, according to a broadband transmitter, to a coil in the NMR system. A corresponding broadband receiver is also presented that acquires a response signal resulting from a response field emanating from the substance under test. Neither the transmitter nor the receiver require that the frequency of operation be determined according to a particular configuration of electrical devices to determine a resonance characteristic that tunes to a particular operational frequency. Rather, the operational frequency is determined according to control and driver devices triggered according to command and control signals in the case of the transmitter, and according to reactive elements, that are not configured as a tuned circuit, in the case of the receiver.

Abstract: A device including a first semiconductor layer and a contact to the first semiconductor layer is disclosed. An interface between the first semiconductor layer and the contact includes a first roughness profile having a characteristic height and a characteristic width. The characteristic height can correspond to an average vertical distance between crests and adjacent valleys in the first roughness profile. The characteristic width can correspond to an average lateral distance between the crests and adjacent valleys in the first roughness profile.

Abstract: An improved heterostructure for an optoelectronic device is provided. The heterostructure includes an active region, an electron blocking layer, and a p-type contact layer. The p-type contact layer and electron blocking layer can be doped with a p-type dopant. The dopant concentration for the electron blocking layer can be at most ten percent the dopant concentration of the p-type contact layer. A method of designing such a heterostructure is also described.

Abstract: A solution for cleaning and/or sterilizing one or more surfaces in a bathroom is provided. The sterilization can be performed using ultraviolet sources, which can emit ultraviolet radiation directed onto the surface(s). The cleaning can be performed using a fluid, such as water, that is flowed over the surface(s). The surface(s) can include at least a seat of a toilet and/or other surfaces associated with the toilet.

Abstract: Heterostructures for use in optoelectronic devices are described. One or more parameters of the heterostructure can be configured to improve the reliability of the corresponding optoelectronic device. The materials used to create the active structure of the device can be considered in configuring various parameters the n-type and/or p-type sides of the heterostructure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the position that a magnet has at a time of measurement relative to a row of sensors extending in a row direction, wherein the position of the magnet relative to the row of sensors can be changed in the direction of the row direction or in the direction parallel to the row direction, wherein the row of sensors has a first magnetic-field-sensitive sensor and a second magnetic-field-sensitive sensor, which is arranged spaced apart from the first sensor in the row direction, wherein a first sensor signal is generated by the first sensor, the value of which, at the time of measurement, depends on the position of the magnet relative to the first sensor at the time of measurement, and a second sensor signal is generated by the second sensor, the value of which, at a time of measurement, depends on the position of the magnet relative to the second sensor at the time of measurement, wherein, in a first examination, the value that the first sensor signal has generated

Abstract: A perforating ohmic contact to a semiconductor layer in a semiconductor structure is provided. The perforating ohmic contact can include a set of perforating elements, which can include a set of metal protrusions laterally penetrating the semiconductor layer(s). The perforating elements can be separated from one another by a characteristic length scale selected based on a sheet resistance of the semiconductor layer and a contact resistance per unit length of a metal of the perforating ohmic contact contacting the semiconductor layer. The structure can be annealed using a set of conditions configured to ensure formation of the set of metal protrusions.

Abstract: A device for identifying the presence of a specific target molecule or biomarker by the detection of a change in an electrical property includes a measurement sensor 8 comprising a semiconducting sensor structure 12 capable of conjugating with the biomarker, thus giving rise to the said change in electrical property, and an electrode system 3, 4 for conducting a signal from the device. According to the invention there is a further such sensor 9, of substantially identical form but having its sensor structure 14 already conjugated with the biomarker, or otherwise capped, e.g. using a further oligonucleotide strand, so as to act as an internal reference. When a biological sample, e.g. saliva, is applied to the electrodes, the reference enables the discounting of all environmental effects other than the biomarker. The invention provides a simple, cheap and accurate text for one or more biomarkers that can be used in the field without complex equipment.

Abstract: Sensors incorporating piezoresistive materials are described. One class of includes conductive traces formed directly on or otherwise integrated with the piezoresistive material.

Abstract: A disposable ophthalmic or medical apparatus has a portion with a color changeable dye disposed thereon. The dye changes color after being exposed to oxygen for a controlled and predetermined period of time indicating that the apparatus should no longer be used.

Abstract: A multi-tiered approach to combating reverse engineering of electronics is disclosed herein. The encapsulant utilized with the optical sensor may be selected based on being substantially being opaque to X-ray inspection. In this way, visible public inspection to gain competitive intelligence may be reduced and operation of the electronics may remain unaffected. Additionally, a thin filament of wire embedded just below the surface of the encapsulant could be used as an electronic tripwire in response to being severed and/or dissolved by the reverse engineering strong solvents and acids.

Abstract: Ultraviolet radiation is directed within an area. The target wavelength ranges and/or target intensity ranges of the ultraviolet radiation sources can correspond to at least one of a plurality of selectable operating configurations including a virus destruction operating configuration and a bacteria disinfection operating configuration. Each configuration can include a unique combination of the target wavelength range and target intensity range.

Abstract: A diffusive layer including a laminate of a plurality of transparent films is provided. At least one of the plurality of transparent films includes a plurality of diffusive elements with a concentration that is less than a percolation threshold. The plurality of diffusive elements are optical elements that diffuse light that is impinging on such element. The plurality of diffusive elements can be diffusively reflective, diffusively transmitting or combination of both. The plurality of diffusive elements can include fibers, grains, domains, and/or the like. The at least one film can also include a powder material for improving the diffusive emission of radiation and a plurality of particles that are fluorescent when exposed to radiation.

Abstract: A solid-state light source with built-in access resistance modulation is described. The light source can include an active region configured to emit electromagnetic radiation during operation of the light source. The active region can be formed at a p-n junction of a p-type side with a p-type contact and a n-type side with a n-type contact. The light source includes a control electrode configured to modulate an access resistance of an access region located on the p-type side and/or an access resistance of an access region located on the n-type side of the active region. The solid-state light source can be implemented in a circuit, which includes a voltage source that supplies a modulation voltage to the control electrode to modulate the access resistance(s).

Abstract: An ultraviolet razor blade treatment system for providing a cleaning treatment to a shaving razor is disclosed. The ultraviolet razor blade treatment system can include a shaving razor cleaning unit that has at least one ultraviolet radiation source and sensor to clean surfaces of the shaving razor for purposes of disinfection, sterilization, and/or sanitization.

Abstract: A system for irradiation of grain foods using one or more ultraviolet emitting sources is provided. The system includes an irradiation region in which the grain foods are irradiated by ultraviolet light. The system can include means for moving the grain foods through irradiation region, means for detecting the flow rate of the grain foods moving through irradiation region, and a control system for adjusting power provided to the ultraviolet emitting sources based on the flow rate of the grain foods.

Abstract: A device having a channel with multiple voltage thresholds is provided. The channel can include a first section located adjacent to a source electrode, which is a normally-off channel and a second section located between the first section and a drain electrode, which is a normally-on channel. The device can include a charge-controlling electrode connected to the source electrode, which extends from the source electrode over at least a portion of the second section of the channel. During operation of the device, a potential difference between the charge-controlling electrode and the channel can control the on/off state of the normally-on section of the channel.

Abstract: A device comprising a semiconductor layer including a plurality of compositional inhomogeneous regions is provided. The difference between an average band gap for the plurality of compositional inhomogeneous regions and an average band gap for a remaining portion of the semiconductor layer can be at least thermal energy. Additionally, a characteristic size of the plurality of compositional inhomogeneous regions can be smaller than an inverse of a dislocation density for the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An imaging assembly includes a base member defining an expansion chamber therein, the base member defining a gas inlet for receiving a compressed gas and a gas outlet for expelling expanded gas, and a focal plane array assembly mounted to the base member including a sensor and a lens.