Abstract: The present application relates to a method for estimating the temperature rise rate of a battery under pulsed heating. An equivalent circuit model of the battery is established to obtain the effective entropy potential of the battery and the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the pulsed heating current of the battery. A heat generation model is established according to the effective entropy potential and the relationship between the open circuit voltage and the pulsed heating current. Using the heat generation model and the heat transfer power, an energy formulation in the process of pulsed heating is obtained, to obtain the temperature rise rate of the battery under pulsed heating. The models are used to obtain the relationship between the temperature rise rate under pulsed heating and the pulsed heating current, providing a convenient and comprehensive estimation method for determining the heating effect of pulsed heating in practical applications.

Abstract: A method for operating an adsorption-based system for removing water and potentially other components from a feed stream. The system includes at least two dehydration units each comprising an adsorption bed. The method includes the steps of: i) obtaining process data from one or more sensors at a predetermined time resolution, the sensors at least comprising at least one moisture sensor at a specified location in each of the dehydration units; ii) dehydrating the feed stream by operating the adsorption-based system in regenerative mode, wherein at least one active unit of the at least two dehydration units is in an adsorption cycle, and wherein at least another one of the at least two dehydration units is being regenerated; iii) estimating an adsorption bed water adsorption capacity during every adsorption cycle; and iv) using the process data to update the estimated adsorption bed water adsorption capacity.

Abstract: A process for producing kerosene involves reacting a renewable feedstock in a hydroprocessing section under hydroprocessing conditions sufficient to cause a hydroprocessing reaction to produce a hydroprocessed effluent. The hydroprocessed effluent is separated to produce a hydroprocessed liquid stream and a separation system offgas stream. The hydroprocessed liquid stream is directed to a work-up section where gases are stripped to produce a stripped liquid product stream and a stripper offgas stream. A gas stream comprising the separation system offgas stream and/or the stripper offgas stream are directed to a gas-handling section to obtain a pressurized gas stream and a hydrocarbon fraction that is liquid at a pressure in a range from 0-1.5 MPaG and a temperature in a range from 0 to 50 C. The hydrocarbon fraction is recycled to the work-up section. A kerosene stream separated in the product recovery unit has a higher yield compared to conventional processes.

Abstract: A catalyst and process for the deoxygenation and conversion of bio-derived feedstocks. The catalyst comprises a silica-alumina support having specifically defined physical properties and a molybdenum component but a material absence of nickel. The process involves the processing of a bio-derived feedstock having an oxygen content to yield a conversion product having an exceptional distillation profile and physical properties and a substantially reduced oxygen content.

Abstract: Fuel composition comprising: (a) a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; (b) a tetraalkylethane compound having the formula (I): wherein Ar represents an aryl group and each X is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted, straight chain or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, (CH2)nOH or (CH2)nNH2, wherein n is in the range of 1 to 9, provided that at least one of the X groups in each CX3 group is a hydrogen atom; and c) an alkylbenzene compound having the formula (II) wherein each R1-R6 group is independently selected from hydrogen and a C1-C15 alkyl group, wherein at least one of the R1-R6 groups is a C1-C6 alkyl group. The fuel composition of the present invention provides improved power and acceleration benefits, as well as increased flame speed and burn duration.

Abstract: The specification discloses a highly macroporous catalyst for hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks. The high macroporosity catalyst incudes an inorganic oxide, molybdenum, and nickel components. It has a pore structure such that at least 18% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 5,000 angstroms and at least 25% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 1,000 angstroms. Preferably, the pore structure is bimodal. The catalyst is made by co-mulling the catalytic components with a high molecular weight polyacrylamide followed by forming the co-mulled mixture into a particle or an extrudate. The particle or extrudate is dried and calcined under controlled calcination temperature conditions to yield a calcined particle or extrudate of the high macroporosity catalyst composition.

Abstract: A reactor system, which is active in pyrolyzing methane at effective conditions, comprising a molten salt medium and a reaction vessel, the molten salt being contained within the reaction vessel using various methods of catalyst distribution within the vessel such that when methane passes through the vessel, it comes into contact with said catalyst causing a pyrolysis reaction thereby producing molecular hydrogen with reduced carbon dioxide emissions. The catalyst may be placed within the reaction vessel either as suspended particles or in a structured packed form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the removal of contaminants from contaminated crude oil in a vessel. An organic solvent stream is provided to the vessel containing crude oil. After mixing, an organic solvent bottom phase is allowed to form. The bottom phase comprises at least a portion of the organic solvent stream and at least a portion of the contaminants. The bottom phase is removed from the vessel, while the remaining crude oil is retained in the vessel. An aqueous stream is provided to the vessel and mixed with the remaining crude oil, allowing an aqueous bottom phase to form. The aqueous bottom phase is removed from the vessel, while the remaining crude oil is retained in the vessel.

Abstract: An ethylene oxide (EO) production process for the epoxidation of ethylene comprising: contacting an inlet feed gas with a catalyst having a fluoride-mineralized alpha-alumina carrier, silver, a rhenium promoter, and one or more alkali metal promoters. At a cumulative EO production cumEO1 of at least 0.2 kton EO/m3 catalyst, the process is operating at a reaction temperature T1 and with the inlet feed gas having an optimum overall catalyst chloriding effectiveness value Cleff1 to produce EO with an EO production parameter value EO1; and the process is subsequently operated such that at a cumulative EO production cumEOX, cumEOX is at least 0.6 kton EO/m3 catalyst greater than cumEO1, the reaction temperature has an increased value TX to maintain EO production parameter EO1 whilst the optimum overall catalyst chloriding effectiveness value of the inlet feed gas CleffX is controlled such that the ratio of CleffX/Cleff1 is from 0.8 to 1.2.

Abstract: An HVDC system comprising an AC/DC converter sub-system electrically connected to a renewable energy equipment and a VSC sub-system is provided. A method comprises operating the renewable energy equipment to function as a voltage source to energize an HVDC link between the AC/DC converter sub-system and the VSC sub-system; operating the VSC sub-system as a voltage source to energize an electrical load electrically connected thereto; if it is determined the power production rate of the renewable energy equipment is not within a designated parameter, operating the equipment to follow the VSC sub-system such that controlling the AC electric power output influences the power production rate. If it is within the designated parameter, operating the VSC sub-system to follow the renewable energy equipment such that the VSC sub-system adjusts the properties of its AC electric output to match the properties of the electric power generated by the renewable energy equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the recovery of aliphatic hydrocarbons from a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock stream comprising aliphatic hydrocarbons, heteroatom containing polar components and optionally aromatic hydrocarbons, said process comprising the steps of: a) mixing the liquid hydrocarbon feedstock stream with a solvent resulting in a liquid mixture; b) cooling the liquid mixture obtained in step a) to a temperature in the range of from +5° C. to ?30° C. to obtain wax crystals in the mixture; c) separating wax crystals from the cooled liquid mixture obtained in step b) to produce a wax comprising aliphatic hydrocarbons and a dewaxed liquid mixture comprising solvent, heteroatom containing polar components and optionally aromatic hydrocarbons; d) separating solvent from the liquid mixture obtained in step c) and optionally recycling the separated solvent to step a).

Abstract: A method for calibrating a direct flow simulation of a rock sample involves providing a 3D image of a rock sample and generating a segmented structural image of the rock sample from the 3D image by selecting voxels to represent either a pore space or a solid material. Fluid flow is simulated on the segmented structural image with a direct flow simulation. A 3D spatially-resolved fluid velocity map is generated for one or more fluid phases at a pore-scale resolution using pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The simulated fluid flow and the 3D spatially-resolved fluid velocity map are compared to calibrate the direct flow simulation across the rock sample.

Abstract: An electrically heated reactor is a tube surrounded by electrical heating means having radiative sheeting placed coaxially with regard to the reactor tube. The surface area of the sheeting facing the outer surface area of the reactor tube defines an inner surface area covering at least 60% of the reactor tube outer surface area. The distance between the reactor tube and the heating means is selected such that the ratio between the inner surface area of the electrical heating means to the reactor tube outer surface area is in the range of 0.7 to 3.0. The reactor is useful in many industrial scale high temperature gas conversion and heating technologies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene by oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane, comprising: a) supplying ethane and oxygen to a first ODH zone which is formed by multiple reactor tubes containing a mixed metal oxide ODH catalyst bed; b) contacting the ethane and oxygen with the catalyst resulting in multiple effluent streams, wherein the multiple reactor tubes are cooled by a coolant; c) mixing at least a portion of the multiple effluent streams from step b) resulting in a mixture comprising ethylene, unconverted ethane and unconverted oxygen; d) supplying at least a portion of the mixture from step c) to a second ODH zone containing a mixed metal oxide ODH catalyst bed; e) contacting at least a portion of the mixture from step c) with the catalyst in the second ODH zone resulting in a stream comprising ethylene and unconverted ethane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for estimating hydrocarbon saturation of a hydrocarbon-bearing rock from a measurement for an electrical property a resistivity log and a rock image. The image is segmented to represent either a pore space or solid material in the rock. An image porosity is estimated from the segmented image, and a corrected porosity is determined to account for the sub-resolution porosity missing in the image of the rock. A corrected saturation exponent of the rock is determined from the image porosity and the corrected porosity and is used to estimate the hydrocarbon saturation. A backpropagation-enabled trained model can be used to segment the image. A backpropagation-enabled method can be used to estimate the hydrocarbon saturation using an image selected from a series of 2D projection images, 3D reconstructed images and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Fuel composition comprising: (i) a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; and (ii) a blend of a first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate and a second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate wherein the first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate and the second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate each have the formula (I) or (II) below, or are an isomeric mixture of formula (I) and (II) below: ?where R is a linear or branched alkenyl group containing from 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and R1 is a linear or branched C1 to C8 alkyl group; and wherein the first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate is different from the second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate. The fuel compositions of the present invention have been found to provide a synergistic reduction in engine wear.

Abstract: An energetics tool is inserted downhole in a wellbore tubular, which has a string of at least two axially separated shaped charges. With this tool N axially separated circumferential dents are created, using a string of only M=(N+1)/2 axially separated charges. N is an odd number of 3 or higher. Two additional axially separated dents may be created for each additional axially separated shaped charge that is added to the string. For example, by simultaneously detonating two shaped charges, it is possible to create three axially separated dents. By simultaneously detonating three shaped charges that are axially separated from each other, it is possible to create five axially separated dents. The shaped charges are contained in charge housings that are mechanically interconnected with a longitudinal connecting rod. The shaped charges are simultaneously detonated, whereby pressure waves from neighboring shaped charges interact to cause the additional dents.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for vessel maintenance optimization, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining operational data of the vessel; calculating a Torque Index; calculating a Slip Index; indicating that propeller cleaning is required if the Torque Index exceeds a Torque Index threshold, and indicating that hull cleaning is required if the Slip Index exceeds a Slip Index threshold.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery to be tested is put into a temperature chamber at a first temperature value and subjected to pulsed heating until the pulsed heating time reaches the preset pulse duration. The chamber temperature is adjusted to a second value and a capacity degradation value of the battery is obtained, so as to obtain durability of the battery. Before testing of the capacity degradation value of the battery, continuous pulsed heating is conducted. After the battery is heated for a period of time, the temperature elevation and heat dissipation of the battery will reach stable values and the temperature will no longer rise. Such pulsed heating does not require a long period of standing at low temperature. Therefore, a large amount of test time can be saved, the test period shortened, and the influence of battery temperature on battery durability can be verified through a large number of experiments.

Abstract: This invention provides a thermal energy storage device (100) comprising a powder bed (110), at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303), and at least one heat transfer tube (200). The powder bed (110) has an electrical resistivity in a range of 500-50,000 Qm. The at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303) are embedded in the powder bed (110) and arranged to heat the powder bed (110) by providing a voltage between the electrodes (301, 302, 303). The at least one heat transfer tube (200) is arranged to contain a heat transfer fluid and has an inlet (210) and an outlet (220) connectable to a thermal energy consumer (30). The heat transfer tube (200) and the powder bed (110) are thermally coupled via an electrically insulating material.