Abstract: A sequence of measured quantities is determined for a chemical reactor and a data generator generates a curve in normal coordinates from a respective predetermined normal form that describes a type of critical state. Each normal form is imaged onto the sequence of measured quantities by neural networks whereby a respective neural network is allocated to a data generator. The imaging is optimized by applying parameter optimization methods. The neural network that converges best through use of parameter optimization method describes the critical state that lies closest to the actual state of the chemical reactor.

Abstract: A throttle body and bracket assembly permits the joining of the bracket to the throttle body without fasteners by incorporating preselected and complementary geometries on a mating portion of the bracket and on a portion of the throttle body. These mating portions, which may be in the form of a dovetail-type configuration, may be fit together in locking fashion, and the bracket may be further held in place by securing a lip or retainer portion of the bracket between the free ends of the air hose and the throttle body when they are joined. Additionally, a throttle body may be molded to include an idle air by-pass passage having an open, exterior surface that is sealed by the mating portion of the bracket when it is placed in its mated position with the throttle body.

Abstract: A signal evaluation apparatus, and method, for data reduction in the processing of signal values of a digital signal processing unit, for example, in a mobile communication system, wherein a block with k signal values is inventively stored in fixed decimal point format and a maximum value of the k signal values of the block is defined. Subsequently, the k signal values of the block are converted into floating decimal point format, whereby individual mantissas and a common exponent are determined for the converted samples. The data rate can be substantially reduced depending on the selected number of bits for the presentation of the mantissas and exponents. Advantageously, the block corresponds to the samples of a radio block or a part thereof.

Abstract: An arrangement is composed of at least two waveguides, which are coaxially optically coupled to one another integrated on the surface of the substrate with different degrees of wave guidance. The axis of the more weakly-guiding waveguide is straight and the axis of the more strongly-guiding waveguide comprises a curved section.

Abstract: In a the method for adjusting thermal overload cutouts, after a synchronization of bimetallic strips and optionally a preadjustment of a cutout mechanism, the bimetallic strips are acted upon by current for a specific time, at the end of which the actual adjustment procedure takes place. In this, a residual cutout distance still remaining between the bimetallic strips and a mechanical shutoff point is reduced by zero by an apparatus. This adjustment method eliminates repeat testing with time-consuming cooldowns.

Abstract: Capacitor storage charge can be increased by increasing storage node area. A high aspect surface ratio stack capacitor is produced without increasing overall cell dimensions. The node is formed with layers of low doped and high doped concentration borophosphosilicate glass which is deposited by a single process step with precise nanometer dimensions, are selectively etched so that either doped or undoped layers will have a higher etch rate. This etching creates finger-like projections in the node, which provide for greater surface area using a very simplified process requiring fewer processing steps.

Abstract: A fuel mixer for a gas turbine combustor is provided. The fuel mixer has a substantially cylindrical body with a flared end and a tapered end. The flared end is adapted for receiving compressed air and for channeling the compressed air into the fuel mixer. The fuel mixer has a fuel/air mixing disk disposed within the body proximate the flared end. A disk axis of the fuel/air mixing disk is substantially parallel to the axis of the fuel mixer body. The fuel/air mixing disk has a plurality of holes parallel to the disk axis. The fuel/air mixer reduces NO.sub.x and CO emissions in a gas turbine combustor by providing more evenly distributed fuel/air mixtures without increasing the risk of flame holding or flashback.

Abstract: A method for point reconstruction and metric measurement on radiographic images comprises the following steps: positioning a fluoroscope for producing a fluoroscopic image, in a position where an operator, such as a physician, can observe points inside a patient's body on which points at least one of reconstruction and metric measurement are to be carried out; positioning a positioning device on the patient's body at an arbitrarily selected point F visible in a radiographic image, designating target points T.sup.i, being points to be reconstructed, by the operator on the radiographic image; finding planes .pi..sup.i passing through the X-ray source and a line FT.sup.i as describe in the step I and II in the invention disclosure; rotating the fluoroscope to a new position and taking a new radiographic image from this new viewpoint, designating target points T.sup.i, being points to be reconstructed, by the operator the physician on the new radiographic image; computing first the orientation of vectors Ft.sup.

Abstract: In the read amplifier a mismatch of the inception voltages of cross-coupled transistors (M5, M6) of the read amplifier are compensated by four further transistors (M1 . . . M4), whereby a defined equalizing of the bitlines advantageously takes place with these further transistors simultaneously in what is called the equalize phase. The compensation takes place in that the bitline that is connected with the transistor with the lower inception voltage is charged to a higher level in the pre-load phase. This higher bitline level is switched to the gate of the transistor connected with the other bitline. In the evaluation phase the transistor with the higher inception voltage becomes more strongly conductive. Read amplifiers of this sort are most significant for memory generations beginning at 1 Gbit, since the mismatch due to the variation of the input voltages of the transistors can no longer usefully be solved by a correspondingly large gate surface of the cross-coupled transistors in the read amplifier.

Abstract: In a method for operating a digital data transmission network, and in a digital data transmission network operating according to the method, in an initial part of a transmission event between a control unit and at least one user unit in the network, a first data block containing data and a second data block containing data are transmitted from the control unit to the user unit. In the control unit, a first reference number is prescribed as a first transmission parameter in the first data block, which identifies a number of bit places provided for subsequent data transmission of the data contained in the first block from the user unit in a first useful channel. The control unit also prescribes a second reference number as a second transmission parameter in the second data block, identifying a number of bit places for subsequent data transmission of the data contained in the second block from the user unit in a second useful channel.

Abstract: In a control device for a motor vehicle having a cooling plate between an upper component of the housing and a lower component of the housing wherein a first printed circuit board which is fitted with an electrical circuit is mounted on the cooling plate. Arranged underneath the cooling plate is a plug component on the lower component of the housing. Plug pins of the plug component are fitted into a second printed circuit board which is also arranged underneath the cooling plate. The plug pins are electrically connected to the first printed circuit board via conductor tracks of the second printed circuit board and connecting elements between the second printed circuit board and the first printed circuit board.

Abstract: A process and a device for comprehensive control of a basic industry plant, such as a steel plant or an integrated iron works, which includes subprocesses that are critical with regard to continuous material flow, e.g., casting processes. The invention optimizes the material flow through the system and prevents the interruption of the material flow prior to the start of subprocesses that are critical with regard to continuous material flow. The process sequence in a subprocess is subdivided into four steps, referred to as quarter cells with each quarter cell containing a point in time, a time range to describe possible process time fluctuations, the name of the previous quarter cell, i.e., the name of the previous substep of a subprocess, as well as a marker of whether the process time fluctuation of this subcell is influenceable or non-influenceable.

Abstract: The CMOS comparator has four p-channel lateral high-voltage transistors (T.sub.11 -T.sub.14) which form two first current mirrors, and two n-channel lateral high-voltage transistors (T.sub.31, T.sub.32) which form a second current mirror. In the current path of the reference voltage, there is a depletion type transistor (T.sub.2) which determines the current flowing there. If the input voltage (U.sub.IN) is equal to the reference voltage (U.sub.ref), then an equal current flows in both current paths. If the input voltage (U.sub.IN) deviates from the reference voltage (U.sub.ref), however, then the output voltage changes dramatically.

Abstract: A lockable circuit breaker racking mechanism is provided with a breaker type detection mechanism preventing locking and removal of the key unless the correct breaker type has been installed. The same locking mechanism can also be used to secure the racking mechanism in the trip-free position.

Abstract: DH-PHEMT on a GaAs substrate, with a mixed crystal composition that is varied in the channel in such a way that the lower boundary of the conduction band is lowered toward the gate contact, and advantages of an SH-PHEMT are thereby simultaneously realized. For this purpose, the channel is for example InGaAs, and the In portion x of the In.sub.x Ga.sub.1-x As of the channel is increased in a step from 0.2 to 0.3 in the direction toward the gate contact.

Abstract: At least one individual car that can be identified individually is contained in the consist. The configuration of an actually observed consist is determined and checked to see whether it matches relevant information data sets. If there is an exact match with one information data set, the latter is assigned to the consist. If there are multiple matches or no matches, the information data set associated with the consist is determined by identification of the individual car.

Abstract: Using a mobile radiotelephone network and a traffic routing and information central as well as a navigation apparatus and a mobile radiotelephone in the vehicle, the user requests a current route in dialogue via a mobile radiotelephone network and a traffic routing and information central. The destination input ensues at any arbitrary location independently of a mobile radiotelephone connection to the central. The navigation apparatus initially calculates the route purely self-sufficiently on the basis of the stored on-board data. With an inquiry to the central, it is not the current position but the presumed position at the time of the anticipated reply to the vehicle that is transmitted, and the data of the route recommendation is forwarded to the vehicle in the form of a sequence of path segments.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing at least one beam splitter molded part from transparent material in which a beam splitter layer is embedded. Two radiation-transparent wafers, of which one is provided with a beam splitter layer, are interconnected in such a way that the beam splitter layer lies between the two wafers. Subsequently, this wafer assembly is further processed to form individual prism ingots, for example by sawing them through into wafer strips and grinding or polishing lateral surfaces, or by profile sawing. An optoelectronic module for bidirectional optical data transmission uses the beam splitter molded part.

Abstract: A power switched amplifier has a switched output stage which generates an output stage voltage and a filter stage coupled to the switched output stage for smoothing the output stage voltage. The smoothing effect of the filter stage is made to be variable with a control signal. Given little outlay, such an amplifier is capable of generating a well-smoothed output voltage with a high voltage change rate.

Abstract: The integrated memory has byte selection lines for selecting all the bit lines of a respective byte, as well as masking signals that are allocated to the respective byte of at least one word. In addition, the memory has a column decoder with outputs which are connected to the word selection lines, each of which, when addressed, causes all the byte selection lines for one of the words to be simultaneously selected if none of the masking signals are active. The masking signals, when activated, prevent the addressed word selection line from selecting the byte selection lines, allocated to a corresponding byte, for a corresponding word.