Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing ZSM-5 having substantially 100% crystallinity by using variable temperatures in the absence of an organic template, characterized in that a reaction mixture having a molar composition of M2O/SiO2 (M: alkali metal ion) of 0.07-0.14, H2O/SiO2 of 15-42 and SiO2/Al2O3 of 20-100 is nucleated at relatively high temperatures (180-210° C.) and then crystallized at relatively low temperatures (130-170° C.), thus easily controlling a crystal size and a particle size distribution of the ZSM-5.

Abstract: A porous solid acid catalyst for producing light olefins is prepared through pillaring and a solid state reaction of a raw material mixture. The catalyst is made of a porous material having a crystalline structure that is different from that of the raw material mixture. The catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic activity (i.e., conversion and selectivity) in the production of light olefins from hydrocarbon feeds such as full range naphthas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous process for the production of optically pure (S)-?-hydroxy-?-butyrolactone having constantly maintained optical activity, consisting of hydrogenating 2-50 wt % of a substituted carboxylic acid derivative in a solvent using a fixed bed reactor filled with a precious metal catalyst-impregnated inorganic oxide carrier at 50-500° C. under pressure of 15-5,500 psig at weight-space-velocity of 0.1-10 h?1, in which a molar ratio of hydrogen to carboxylic acid derivative ranges from 2 to 10. The desired material can be produced in higher optical purity and at higher yield by the current process which is relatively simpler and environmentally safer than conventional processes. Additionally, increased production efficiency leads to production of the desired material on a large scale.

Abstract: A silent marker, method of marking a petroleum product with the silent marker, and method of detecting the silent marker. The marker is an ester derivative of fluorescent material, and the silent marker may be detected by measuring the fluorescence generated from the selective hydrolysis of the ester moiety under enzymatic action.

Abstract: A compact hydrogen purification module capable of affording high-grade purified hydrogen, easy assembly and easy control of size is disclosed. The module includes a plurality of unit cells. Each of the unit cells includes two metal membranes permeable only by hydrogen, a metal support ring attached between the metal membranes by diffusion bonding to support the metal membranes, and having a radial hole to allow hydrogen to flow therethrough, a porous plate disposed between the metal membranes to allow the hydrogen to flow therethrough, and a fitting coupled to the metal support ring and having a hole communicating with the hole of the metal support ring to allow the hydrogen to flow therethrough. The individual fittings are connected to each other so that hydrogen collected in the individual fittings is discharged through a hydrogen product line.

Abstract: A miniature fuel reformer utilizes a metal thin film and includes a plurality of unit modules connected together.

Abstract: There is provided with a process for separating normal paraffins from hydrocarbons of C5-10 using zeolite molecular sieve 5A, which comprises the steps of (a) selective adsorption (b) cocurrent purge (c) countercurrent desorption. The present process employs butane for purge and desorption step to achieve excellent desorption efficiency and recycles butane in liquid phase to reduce the investment cost. The optimum operating conditions for feedstock change and adsorption capacity reduction are determined by NIR system for on-line monitoring and control. The separated normal paraffins can be efficiently applied to raw material for ethylene production and the separated non-normal paraffins can be efficiently applied to raw material for aromatic hydrocarbons production.

Abstract: A catalyst for the disproportionation/transalkylation of various hydrocarbons consists of a carrier and a metal component supported on the carrier. The carrier comprises 10 to 80 wt % of mordenite and/or beta type zeolite with a mole ratio of silica/alumina ranging from 10 to 200; 0 to 70 wt % of ZSM-5 type zeolite with a mole ratio of silica/alumina ranging from 30 to 500; and 5 to 90 wt % of at least one inorganic binder selected from the group consisting of gamma-alumina, silica, silica alumina, bentonite, kaolin, clinoptilolite, and montmorillonite. The metal component comprises platinum and either tin or lead. The catalyst enables mixed xylenes to be produced at remarkably high yields from benzene, toluene and C9 or higher aromatic compounds through disproportionation/transalkylation with a great reduction in aromatic loss. In addition, the catalyst can maintain its catalytic activity for a long period of time without deactivation.

Abstract: A method of on-line coating a coat film on the inner wall of a reaction tube in a hydrocarbon pyrolysis reactor for preventing the formation and the deposit of coke on the inner walls. This method comprises the steps of vapor depositing a mixed solution of a metal alkoxide and a chromic compound on the inner walls concurrently with introducing a carrier at a flow rate of 1-5000 kg/hr/coil at a temperature of 600-900° C. under a pressure of 0-3 kg/cm2 to form a buffer layer on the inner walls; and vapor depositing a metal alkoxide as a barrier on the buffer layer; and vapor depositing an alkali metal/alkaline earth metal compound alone or mixed with metal alkoxide as a decoking layer on the barrier. A decoking layer may further be provided on the diffusion barrier.

Abstract: Carbamate compounds of 2-heteroaryl-1,2-ethanediol are described. The compounds are effective in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, especially as anti-convulsive or anti-epileptic agents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing an optically pure (R)- or (S)-tetrahydrofuranyl ketone. By such a method, (R)- or (S)-2-tetrahydrofuran amide is converted to (R)- or (S)-2-tetrahydrofuran nitrile through dehydration in the presence of a dehydrating agent and an amine base. Then, thus prepared (R)- or (S)-2-tetrahydrofuran nitrile is nucelophilic addition-reacted with a nucleophile, followed by hydrolyzing, thereby produce (R)- or (S)-tetrahydrofuranyl ketone having high optical purity, while minimizing production of other by-products.

Abstract: A catalyst for removing dioxin and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is prepared by recycling a spent catalyst discharged from a hydro-desulfurization process of an oil refinery in which the spent catalyst comprises an alumina support (preferably, gamma alumina) with a large specific surface area impregnated with high contents of vanadium. The spent catalyst is mixed with a tungsten-impregnated titania, whereby a catalyst comprising suitable metal components and a mixture support of alumina and titania may be prepared. The catalyst in accordance with the present invention has excellent dioxin removal performance and low preparation cost because of recycling the spent catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and a method for preparing the same. Useful for the removal of nitrogen oxides is a catalyst prepared using spent catalysts having been absorbed with vanadium, nickel and sulfur in the hydro-desulfurization line of an oil refinery in which a catalyst for the hydro-desulfurization contains molybdenum, iron, cobalt and silicon on the alumina support in accordance with the present invention. The present catalyst can remove nitrogen oxides at a level of 90% or higher, exhibiting a 10% or more increase in efficiency of the catalyst performance. Additionally, the catalyst can increase the efficiency of spent catalyst reclamation by 250%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid phase adsorption process for removing and concentrating heteroatom compounds in hydrocarbons (HCH), comprising the steps of adsorption, copurging and regeneration. In the adsorption step, a liquid hydrocarbon stream is fed to an adsorber, which adsorbs HCH and returns adsorption effluent. In the copurging step, HCH, which are extracted from the previous regeneration, are applied to the adsorber, displacing the copurging effluent. In the regeneration step, a polar solvent is flowed through the adsorber, purging HCH. Most of the HCH are then set aside for use in the next copuring step, while a small amount of the HCH are taken out from the process as HCH product. The present invention is economically advantageous in effectively removing HCH from hydrocarbon streams and increasing the concentration of HCH within an HCH product.

Abstract: Disclosed is a matte biaxially oriented polypropylene film having improved matte characteristic and processability. The film comprises one or more surface layers made of a composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a resin blend of 40-60 wt % of polyethylene (I) and 60-40 wt % of polypropylene (II), 0.005-0.04 parts by weight of a peroxide (III) and 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of a fluoroelastomer or a metal stearate (IV). The matte biaxially oriented film has low gloss (45°, <10%) and high haze (>70%), and solves problems related to increase of silver (or bright) spots and roughness of a matte pattern, and a shortened die cleaning cycle due to die build-up.

Abstract: Provided herein are racemic or enantiomerically enriched benzoyl piperidine compounds and pharmaceutically useful salts thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of racemic or enantiomerically enriched benzoyl piperidine compounds to treat central nervous system diseases and methods of treating central nervous system diseases in a mammal, in particular psychoses and cognition disorders.

Abstract: The present invention provides an intermediate compound used for synthesis of polyene chain structure, that is an important moiety of carotenoid compounds, a process for preparing the same, and carotenoid polyene chain compounds prepared by using the intermediate, and, in particular, a process for preparing lycopene. The process for preparing the carotenoid polyene chain compound employs an allylic sulfone compound as starting material, which is reacted with C-5 sulfide compound to extend the carbon chain. The resultant thio-sulfone compound is oxidized, and the obtained disulfone compound is combined with C-10 di(haloallylic) sulfide compound to form a chain compound containing the desired number of carbon atoms. Then, the diallylic sulfone obtained by oxidation of the diallylic sulfide is subjected to Ramberg-Baklund reaction in order to form the central triene bond. After removal of sulfonyl groups, carotenoid polyene chain compound is obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing sludge in a crude oil storage tank by use of thermal oil discharged from a distillation tower of an oil refinery, such as atmospheric residue, vacuum residue, or vacuum gas oil, and recovering oil having various applications by separating inorganics therefrom. The method is advantageous in terms of minimizing air pollution because of utilizing a closed system, drastically reduced washing time of crude oil storage tank, and continuous removal of the sludge. Additionally, the recovered oil can be provided as fuel oil, marine oil or a feed for secondary treatment processes, such as up-grading processes of heavy oil.

Abstract: The catalyst is prepared by recycling a spent catalyst discharged from a hydro-desulfurization process of an oil refinery in which the spent catalyst comprises an alumina support with a large specific surface area impregnated with low contents of vanadium and high contents of molybdenum. The thus prepared catalyst has more excellent selective removal activity of nitrogen oxides at a high temperature window by containing suitable amounts of metal components therein as well as a better poisoning resistance to sulfur oxides, compared with the conventional catalysts.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process for producing aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) from a hydrocarbon feedstock having boiling points of 30-250° C. and a catalyst useful therefor. In the presence of said catalyst, aromatic components in the hydrocarbon feedstock are converted to BTX-enriched components of liquid phase through hydrodealkylation and/or transalkylation, and non-aromatic components are converted to LPG-enriched gaseous materials through hydrocracking. The products of liquid phase may be separated as benzene, toluene, xylene, and C9 or higher aromatic compounds, respectively according to their different boiling points, while LPG is separated from the gaseous products, in a distillation tower.