Abstract: In the case of a robot interaction system comprising a robot (1) having a robot controller with types of operation and operating modes which influence an associated man-robot interface, the aim is to provide a solution which allows flexible matching of a robot or robot system to different degrees of a man-robot interaction. This is achieved in that the robot controller is equipped with types of operation and operating modes which influence an associated man-robot interface and are designed to be matched and/or to be capable of being matched to different automation degrees of the robot (1) and/or to different time and/or physical positions of the man and robot as interaction partners in a working area.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing steel strips by belt casting, wherein a molten metal is output from a feed vessel onto a circulating casting belt of a horizontal belt casting system under protective gas by a gutter and a siphon-like outlet area designed as a casting nozzle. At least one plasma jet, which renders the area of action inert and heats the area of action, influences the outlet-side area of the casting nozzle and the molten metal exiting therefrom at least during the casting process. For this purpose, at least one plasma torch, which produces a plasma jet and is directed at the outlet area of the casting nozzle in a direction opposite the casting direction, is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bearing arrangement and a rolling unit for a rolling-mill roll. The bearing arrangement comprises a bearing housing, a bearing bush (120) rigidly installed in the bearing housing, a journal bush (130) rotatably supported in the bearing bush, a bearing device (140) for the roll journal, and a pressure shoulder ring arranged between the journal bush (130) and the bearing device (140). At least one key (150) is used to connect both the journal bush and the pressure shoulder ring (135) to the roll journal of the rolling mill roll in a rotationally rigid manner. In order to further develop such a known bearing arrangement for a rolling-mill roll and a known rolling unit so that it is easier to remove the bearing arrangement from the roll journal, the bearing arrangement according to the invention has a coupling device between the journal bush (130) and the pressure shoulder ring (135) without or with only low stress.

Abstract: A high-speed shear for transversely cutting rolled strip with knife carriers which can be driven for rotation and are arranged in pairs opposite each other. The knife carriers are supported on shafts of gear wheels arranged at a fixed axial spacing in pairs opposite each other in a shear cassette. The shear cassette is mounted within an outer frame and the shear cassette is provided with a lifting device for raising or lowering the shear cassette within the outer frame. In a method for operating the shear, the two knife carriers are moved into a horizontal position for allowing the strip end to enter or travel through, and the shear cassette is moved within the outer frame into a raised transfer position.

Abstract: A method for lubricating rolls, especially work rolls of a rolling stand, and rolling stock passed between the rolls during the rolling operation, in which a lubricant-gas mixture, a lubricant-water-gas mixture, a lubricant-water mixture and/or a grease-medium mixture is applied to the rolls or the rolling stock on the run-in side of the rolling stand, wherein the mixture is prepared with at least one mixing device in the area upstream of the rolling stand.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic circuit and a method for feeding power to at least one electrode of an alternating-current electric-arc furnace, particularly for melting metal. Known circuits of this type typically comprise a series connection with a transformer for providing a supply voltage for the electric-arc furnace from a power grid (1) and a AC power controller (8) connected between the transformer (6) and the electrode (11) for regulating the current through the electrode (11). According to the invention, a further development for such electronic circuits is proposed, which development has a simple design, is inexpensive and prevents overload of the AC power controller (8) even in operating modes of the electric-arc furnaces at high electrode currents. This further development provides to bypass the AC power controller with a bypass switch (9) that is opened or closed with the help of a controller as a function of the amount of current flowing through the electrode (11).

Abstract: A method of processing waste iron chloride solution including ferrous chloride, ferric chloride or mixtures thereof and optionally free hydrochloric acid, includes concentrating waste iron chloride solution into concentrated liquid having iron chloride concentration of at least 30%-40% by weight; optionally oxidizing ferrous chloride in the concentrated liquid from the concentration step to ferric chloride providing liquid containing ferric chloride; hydrolyzing the liquid containing ferric chloride from the oxidation step at 155-350° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a lateral guiding device for a metal strip (1), the lateral guiding device comprising a guide (2, 4) disposed laterally to the metal band (1) on both sides thereof, it being possible for the two guides (2, 4) to be displaced independently of each other, and both guides (2, 4) being operated in a position-controlled manner, forces of the metal strip that act on a first guide (2) of the two guides (2, 4) and on a second guide (4) of the two guides (2, 4) being measured, and the target position for the first and/or the second guide (2, 4) being controlled as a function of the forces measured at the first and at the second guide (2, 4), such that the lesser value of the forces measured at the first guide (2) and at the second guide (4) is above a selectable lower limit force and below a selectable upper limit force.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a side guide of a metal strip (1), in particular in the inlet or outlet of roll stands or driving apparatuses, wherein the side guide comprises a guide (2, 4) disposed laterally to the metal strip (1) on both sides of the metal strip (1), and the guides (2, 4) can be displaced independently of each other. One of the guides (2) is thereby driven by means of position control, and a second of the guides (4) is driven by means of force control, wherein forces of the metal strip (1) acting on the first guide (2) and the second guide (4) are measured. The target force for the second, force-controlled guide (4) is thereby prescribed as a function of the measured force on the first, position-controlled guide (2), wherein as the force on the first, position-controlled guide (2) increases, the target force for the second, force-controlled guide (4) is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a finishing train for hot-rolling starting material. Starting material is finished in several successive roll stands (110 n) in the finishing train, the material cooling off because of heat loss. The material has to be reheated in order for the temperature of the material not to drop below the predefined lower threshold temperature value at low speeds within and at the discharge end of the finishing train. In order to use as little energy as possible for said reheating process, the reheating process within the finishing train is carried out for the first time only when the temperature of the material risks falling below the lower threshold temperature value for the first time relative to the direction of flow of the material because of heat loss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the surface inspection of strip pieces (120). The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps: cutting off the strip pieces (120) from a metal strip (210), wherein the strip pieces (120) comprise a length less than twice the circumference of a work roll (230) by means of which the metal strip (210) has previously been rolled; automatically checking the upper and/or lower side of the cut-off strip pieces (120) with the aid of a camera system (150) and an analysis unit (300) in regard to any periodic types of faults that may be present and caused by the work roll; ending the surface inspection process if periodically occurring types of faults are detected, or; feeding the cut-off strip pieces (120) to a strip inspection unit (140) for checking by means of inspection personnel for non-periodic types of faults if no periodic types of faults had previously been detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bearing arrangement and a rolling unit for a rolling-mill roll. The bearing arrangement comprises a bearing housing, a bearing bush (120) rigidly installed in the bearing housing, a journal bush (130) rotatably supported in the bearing bush, a bearing device (140) for the roll journal, and a pressure shoulder ring arranged between the journal bush (130) and the bearing device (140). At least one key (150) is used to connect both the journal bush and the pressure shoulder ring (135) to the roll journal of the rolling mill roll in a rotationally rigid manner. In order to further develop such a known bearing arrangement for a rolling-mill roll and a known rolling unit so that it is easier to remove the bearing arrangement from the roll journal, the bearing arrangement according to the invention has a coupling device between the journal bush (130) and the pressure shoulder ring (135) without or with only low stress.

Abstract: A method for continuous casting from molten metal, where metal flows vertically downward from a mold and the metal strip is then guided vertically downward along a vertical strand guide, cooling as it moves. The strip is then deflected from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction. In the terminal area of the deflection of the strip into the horizontal direction or after the deflection into the horizontal direction, a mechanical deformation of the strip is carried out. The strip is cooled at a heat-transfer coefficient of 3,000 to 10,000 W/(m2 K) in a first section downstream of the mold and upstream of the mechanical deformation of the strip. In a second section, downstream of the cooling, the surface of the strip is heated to a temperature above Ac3 or Ar3 by heat equalization in the strip, after which the mechanical deformation is carried out in a third section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a support for metal coils (1, 11, 31), wherein a metal coil (1, 11, 31) substantially has a circular circumference as viewed in cross section and the support comprises at least three support points (2, 2?, 12, 32), which are arranged in such a manner as to make contact with the metal coil (1, 11, 31) in the circumferential direction of the metal coil (1, 11, 31) when the metal coil (1, 11, 31) is laid on the support. The support permits particularly secure storage and/or transportation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of flying changing of working rolls in continuous casting and rolling installations and hot strip rolling mills, in particular in continuous hot strip rolling mills, wherein for exchange of working rolls by opening a rolling stand, those are disengaged from a to be rolled hot strip. According to the invention a regulated strip tension that can substitute the tension of the open rolling stand, is applied to the to-be-rolled hot strip with at least one hold-down roller that is introduced in a rolling line.

Abstract: A method and a device for improving the outer surface quality by an in-line outer surface treatment of slabs, which are produced in a continuous process from strand casting to hot rolling, with a heating furnace arranged between a CSP-casting machine and a hot rolling train. A defined surface of the slab with a layer thickness per slab side of up to 4 mm is oxidized in a targeted manner by an oxidation device. An oxidation treatment of the slab surface is combined with the following processing in-line method steps: prior to the oxidation treatment the outer surface of the slab is freed of naturally occurring scale by a scale washer, after the oxidation treatment a created oxidation layer as well as the newly formed scale is cooled, mechanically broken up in a roll pair and removed from the surface of the slab by a scale washer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for handling and/or transporting back-up rolls and/or work rolls (4a, 4b) of a roll stand, preferably at least in pairs, especially in sets, between the roll stand arranged in a roll ball and a roll workshop, and in the roll workshop. Said device comprise a roll-changing pit that extends transversely to the roll direction of the roll stand, form the roll stand towards the roll workshop, and has displacement devices for at least one pair or set of dismantled back-up or work rolls (4a, 4b), and a roll-changing stand (8) that is arranged transversely to the roll-changing pit in the roll workshop and can be moved across said pit in or away from the roll direction of the roll stand. The aim of the invention is to enable the time required for a back-up roll change to be reduced and the back-up roll change to be simplified.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compression rolling mill for compressing a metal strand sideways, having a pair of mutually engaging rollers (9, 10), arranged perpendicular to the center axes, connected to a rotary drive (31, 32; 34) by means of articulated shafts (29, 30), characterized in that the two rollers (9, 10) are connected to the rotary drive (31, 32; 34) by means of a gearbox (27, 28) adjustable together with the rollers (9, 10) and by means of articulated shafts (29, 30) each connected to one of the two gearboxes (27, 28), wherein the articulated shafts (29, 30) are inclined at an acute angle to the horizontal.

Abstract: A melt charging system for the horizontal strip casting of a molten metal with a run-out element, in particular with a nozzle (9), is characterized in that at least one heating device (21, 22; 28) is arranged in the region of the run-out element for heating up the run-out element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for changing rolls, in particular, working rolls and/or intermediate rolls in a roll stand, such as a roughing down stand or finishing stand for rolling thick sheet iron. Said rolls comprise back up roller sets and working roller sets. One individual locomotive mechanism is used for changing the working rolls and/or for changing the back up rolls and/or for inserting or withdrawing a roll changing seat by supporting the rolls on each other and subsequently withdrawing in the axial direction of the rolls on the operational side of the roll stand, from a roll hall in a roll workshop and back and for installing novel roll sets. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out said method.