Abstract: The invention provides a solar cell and a method for manufacturing same. The solar cell contains a carbon structure layer; a microstructure formed on the carbon structure layer; and a charge separation layer which includes a charge separation junction part and which is formed on the surface of the microstructure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable-diameter wheel including a wheel having a folding pattern in which a unit cell is repeated and configured to be expanded or contracted so that a wheel diameter is varied; a spoke fixedly coupled to both longitudinal ends of the wheel and configured to be expanded or contracted according to a change in a distance between both sides, such that the wheel diameter is varied; and a variable induction shaft rotatably coupled with one of the both spokes to move the spoke in at least one lengthwise direction and configured to vary a distance between one spoke and the other spoke.

Abstract: A battery pack includes: a cell module including a plurality of battery cells; and a coil unit installed on one side of the cell module and having coils stacked therein, the coils being connected to the respective battery cells.

Abstract: A method of communication based on a receive chain control, performed by a receiver, in a wireless local area network is provided. The method includes: receiving a frame from a transmitter, the frame indicating a multi receive chain operation, activating at least one receive chain, each receive chain processing a received signal transmitted through each spatial stream, and receiving at least one data field from the transmitter through the at least one activated receive chain.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electric power conversion apparatus, and capable of determining a minimum output voltage of a boost converter based on a voltage of the grid, and comparing the minimum output voltage of the converter with an input voltage of the converter, and controlling the operation of the converter based on the comparison result, thereby reducing the unnecessary operation and switching loss of the converter, the electric power conversion apparatus according to the invention comprises a converter; and a control unit configured to detect a grid voltage to determine a minimum output voltage of the converter based on the grid voltage, and control the operation of the converter based on an input voltage of the converter and the determined minimum output voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a reconfigurable electronic device which is implemented by forming independent upper gates and lower gates, wherein in comparison with an existing reconfigurable electronic device having the same function, a degree of integration is greatly increased, a non-volatile memory function is included in the device, and in operation of a reconfigurable circuit based on an independent lower electrode array, dynamic parasitic component is decreased and a complexity of wire lines can be reduced, so that power consumption can be reduced. In addition, in comparison with an existing reconfigurable electronic device, the device exhibits remarkably excellent performance in terms of various characteristics such as diversity of functions of a multi-functional device, alignment margin in process, performance of implementation of infinitesimal electrical doping in a channel, compatibility with bottom-up and top-down method in process, and compatibility with a 1D or 2D material.

Abstract: A method of signal transmission based on differentially quantized channel information in a multi-antenna wireless communication system which can transmit signal to multiple mobile stations simultaneously through multiple transmit antennas includes a main codebook reporting step of each mobile station for quantizing channel correlation information (CCI) using a main-codebook and reporting an index of the main codebook, which corresponds to the quantized CCI, to a base station. A sub-codebook reporting step of each mobile station for quantizing the change of the CCI between the quantization interval using a sub-codebook and reporting an index of the sub-codebook, which corresponds to the quantized CCI change, to a base station. A multi-user eigen-beam transmission step of the base station for generating multiple eigen-beams using the index of the main-codebook or sub-codebook reported from mobile stations and transmitting them to multiple users simultaneously.

Abstract: Provided are a method of executing parallel programming on a manycore cluster system and the manycore cluster system, both of which may make a parallel application targeting on one compute device operate on a heterogeneous manycore cluster system configured of a plurality of compute devices, without modifying source codes. Up to now, programmers have had to manually distribute an appropriate workload amount to the compute devices according to a throughput of each compute device. However, since the method and the manycore cluster system can reduce the complexity of programming and provide an heterogeneous manycore cluster environment that allows programmers to develop easily.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel Rhizobium sp. GIN611 KCTC11708BP or to cell extracts thereof, to a novel oxidoreductase which exhibits a glycolytic activity, to a gene encoding the oxidoreductase, to a recombinant strain comprising recombinant vector proteins or to an expression vector encoding recombinant proteins, and to a method for the glycolysis of natural products using same as a biocatalyst. The present invention also relates to a method for producing aglycones from a variety of natural products using same. The novel oxidoreductase separated from the novel microorganism of the present invention does not belong to a glucosidase group but belongs to an oxidoreductase group, and has a glycolytic activity for natural products. The novel oxidoreductase oxidizes the sugar in the aglycones of natural products, thereby producing a variety of aglycones.

Abstract: A double wound rotor type motor with a constant alternating current or direct current power supply input and a control method thereof is disclosed. The wound rotor type motor includes: a stator in which a coil directly connected to a single phase grid power supply or a direct current power supply is wound; a rotor that is rotatably supported in the stator; a power conversion device that is attached to the rotor and controls a rotor current without connection of a separate external power supply; and a control circuit that is connected to the power conversion device and controls the power conversion device.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing mesenchymal stem cells from human pluripotent stem cells, the method including: a) forming embryonic bodies from human pluripotent stem cells; b) attaching the embryonic bodies to a culture dish to induce natural differentiation of the embryonic bodies into mesenchymal stem cells; and c) performing continuous proliferative culturing of the mesenchymal stem cells while still maintaining the identity of the mesenchymal stem cells. Also, provided is a standardized method for inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, which can be broadly applied to all human pluripotent stem cells regardless of a difference in the genetic background thereof.

Abstract: A digital display device and a method for controlling the same are disclosed. The method of controlling a digital display device connected to at least one network and at least one memory includes receiving content (e.g., a TV program, etc.) over the at least one network, calculating memory capacity of an internal or external memory, storing the received content (e.g., a TV program, etc.) in the internal or external memory according to the calculated result, accessing the internal or external memory if a specific channel is selected, extracting the content (e.g., a TV program, etc.) stored in the accessed internal or external memory, and outputting video data and audio data corresponding to the extracted content (e.g., a TV program, etc.).

Abstract: A variable frequency signal synthesizer includes a phase locked loop including a time-to-digital converter configured to detect differences in phase and frequency between a reference signal and a feedback clock signal and output error signals corresponding to the detected differences, a digital loop filter, a digitally controlled oscillator, and a first frequency divider configured to divide output signals of the digitally controlled oscillator at a predetermined frequency division ratio, a feedback clock generation unit configured to generate sign signals and a phase-modulated feedback clock signal, and a frequency slope tracker configured to generate a frequency control signal by accumulating differences in the error signals according to signs corresponding to the sign signals. The digitally controlled oscillator receives the frequency control signal to supply an output variable frequency signal.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment apparatus using an apparatus for generating fine bubbles having a positive charge. The water treatment apparatus comprises: an apparatus for generating fine bubbles having a positive charge; a treatment bath into which the fine bubbles generated in the apparatus for generating fine bubbles are supplied and in which raw water is stored; and an ultrasonic oscillator for generating ultrasonic waves having a predetermined intensity when power is applied to explode the fine bubbles floating up to a water level after the fine bubbles are supplied into said treatment bath. Thus, germs attached to the fine bubbles may be sterilized by an exploding force generated when the fine bubbles are exploded.

Abstract: Provided are identifier (ID)-based encryption and decryption methods and apparatuses for the methods. The ID-based encryption method includes having, at a transmitting terminal, a transmitting-side private key corresponding to a transmitting-side ID issued by a key issuing server, generating, at the transmitting terminal, a session key using the transmitting-side ID, a receiving-side ID, and the transmitting-side private key, extracting, at the transmitting terminal, a secret key from at least a part of the session key, and encrypting, at the transmitting terminal, a message using a previously set encryption algorithm and the secret key.

Abstract: A multimedia data preprocessing apparatus for a virtual machine is provided. The multimedia data preprocessing apparatus includes a detection unit configured to detect multimedia data included in an application, a generation unit configured to generate a thread for processing the detected multimedia data, and an allocation unit configured to allocate the generated thread to an idle core.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition that contains a 1,2-dithiolthionederivative, and is effective to prevent and treat a disease caused by overactivity of a liver X receptor? (LXR?) or a sterol response element binding protein (SREBP-1). Specifically, the pharmaceutical composition includes 1,2-dithiolthione derivatives such as 4-methyl-5-(2-pyrazinyl)-1,2-dithiol-3-thione, 3-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione, or 5-(6-methoxypyrazinyl)-4-methyl-1,2-dithiol-3-thione. The pharmaceutical composition is effective for preventing and treating hypertension caused by renin, aldosteronism, adrenoleukodystrophy, glomerulosclerosis, proteinuria, nephropathy, liver steatosis, hypertriglyceridemia or hyperreninemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for channel measurement in a wireless LAN system. A station (STA) receives a plurality of sounding frames from an access point (AP), estimates the plurality of sounding frames in order to generate long-term channel state information (LCSI), provides the generated LCSI to the AP as feedback, and receives from the AP a group identifier (ID) management frame comprising information on a group ID determined on the basis of the LCSI.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for inducing stem cells to differentiate into retinal cells at high yield within a short period of time, without gene implantation and co-culture with retinal tissues, by implementing a differentiation process similar to the in vivo embryonic development in chemically defined conditions. Also, retinal cells including the photoreceptor cells and their progenitor cells, and various types of other retinal cells, generated according to the method, are disclosed. A composition comprising the retinal cells and a method are provided for treating retinal degeneration-related diseases. The differentiated photoreceptor cells, when transplanted into degenerated or injured retinas, can be engrafted and fused within the retinas to prevent or cure retinal degeneration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transgenic pig that expresses sTNFR1-Fc, wherein a gene encoding sTNFR1-Fc, which is a fusion protein of the extracellular domain of human soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR1) and an immunoglobulin Fc region, is introduced; a method for preparing the same; an organ isolated from the transgenic pig; a somatic donor cell line inserted with sTNFR1-Fc gene; a method for preparing a blood sample comprising sTNFR1-Fc; and a method for preparing human sTNFR1-Fc from the blood sample of the transgenic pig. As the transgenic pig can suppress immune response and inflammatory response by secreting an inhibitory substance that suppresses the activity of TNF-? in blood, it can be effectively used for xenograft. Furthermore, since the transgenic pig has a blood type O, it can be transplanted for suppressing inflammatory response, regardless of a blood type of recipient.