Abstract: The stabilization of solid peroxo and peroxy compounds, in particular of sodium percarbonate and acetyl peroxyborate compounds is described, which can be achieved by coating the peroxo and peroxy compounds with a coating material which is a mixture of essentially a) a fatty acid or preferably an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt thereof and b) an anionic surfactant from the group of longer chain substituted sulphonates and sulphates.

Abstract: Thickened aqueous compositions comprising soluble peracids, particularly peracetic acid, are provided. The compositions are thickened by the use of one or more aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates having the general formula: R.sup.1 R.sup.2 CH-- (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n --OH in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each either hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl such that R.sup.1 plus R.sup.2 has a total of from 7 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is selected in the range of 1 to 15, such that the number ratio of carbon atoms in R.sup.1 plus R.sup.2 :n is greater than or equal to 3:1; a co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amine oxides, amphoteric surfactants and quaternary ammonium compounds; and one or more aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates in which the ratio of the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety to the average number of ethoxylate groups is less than 3:1, and/or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a novel sodium percarbonate product useful in pH-regulated washing and cleaning systems. The disclosed sodium percarbonate product substantially is a mixed sodium percarbonate/sodium bicarbonate compound obtained by reacting, for example, sodium bicarbonate with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.

Abstract: Detergent builder/activators which can be produced from renewable resources are provided. The detergent builder/activators are obtainable by a process comprising subjecting a poly(saccharide) comprising a vicinal diol moiety to the independent steps of a) oxidative cleavage of a vicinal diol moiety with an oxidizing agent for vicinal diols to introduce carboxylic acid functionality, and b) acylation with an acylating agent.

Abstract: The current invention relates to the stabilisation of peroxyacid solutions. There is provided a tin based stabiliser composition obtained by the ageing of an alkaline solution of a tin compound and a phosphorus containing compound. The stabiliser is particularly suitable for the stabilisation of non-equilibrium solutions of peroxyacids.

Abstract: Thickened aqueous compositions comprising soluble peracids, particularly peracetic acid are provided. The compositions are thickened by the use of one or more aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates having the general formula: R.sup.1 R.sup.2 CH--(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n --OH in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each either hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl such that R.sup.1 plus R.sup.2 has a total of from 7 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is selected in the range of 1 to 15, such that the number ratio of carbon atoms in R.sup.1 plus R.sup.2 :n is greater than or equal to 3:1; and a co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amine oxides, amphoteric surfactants and quaternary ammonium compounds.

Abstract: An aromatic peroxyacid which satisfies the general formula (1):X--Ar--CO--NY--R(Z)--CO--OOH (1)in which X represents hydrogen or a compatible substituent, R represents --(CH2).sub.n -- in which n=2 or 3, and Y and Z each represent independently a substituent selected from hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group or an aryl group substituted by a compatible substituent or alkaryl group provided that at least one of Y and Z is not hydrogen if n=3. The peroxyacid is an effective bleaching and disinfecting agent which has a long shelf life and good resistance to impact, pressure and thermal shocks, and is useful in bleaching, washing and disinfecting compositions.

Abstract: Continuous process for the manufacture of solid particles of alkali metal persalts by reaction of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt and crystallization of the persalt formed in a crystallizer-classifier comprising a stirred formation and growth region for the persalt crystals, a nonstirred clarifying region for the solution and a classification region for the particles obtained by elutriation in a liquid stream withdrawn in the clarifying region.Plant for manufacturing the said particles.

Abstract: A process is proposed for the chemical oxidative treatment of a medium, e.g. sewage sludge, containing organic constituents, which comprises two process steps. In the first process step, the medium is heated to a first preset low temperature range and kept in this temperature range for a preset treatment duration. In a second process step, the sludge is then heated to a second preset low temperature range, pressurized in a preset low pressure range and kept in this temperature and pressure range for a preset treatment duration. In the course of this, an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or oxygen-enriched air or technical grade oxygen is introduced into the medium at least intermittently. The low temperatures and pressures provided in the two process steps are below or at most in the lower third of the temperature and pressure ranges of 150.degree.-370.degree. C. and 10-220 bar conventional in the wet-oxidation processes.

Abstract: A process for the washing and/or disinfection of eggs is provided. The process comprises contacting the eggs with a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant and an aqueous solution of a peracid. The surfactants and peracid solution may be combined, or may be employed in separate stages. Preferably, the solutions are sprayed onto the eggs, optionally in the presence of an antifoam. The preferred peracid is peracetic acid.

Abstract: Neutral or alkaline thickened aqueous hydrogen peroxide compositions and processes for the production thereof are provided. The compositions are thickened with a polymeric thickener comprising a polyethylene backbone, with pendant carboxylate groups and pendant groups of the formula --(OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.m (OCHXCHY).sub.n --O--R, where m is a position integer, n is zero or a positive integer, X and Y are independently selected from hydrogen atoms, methyl and ethyl groups and R is a hydrophobic group comprising eight or more carbon atoms; and one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting of alcohol ethyoxylates, alkylbenzenesulphonates comprising ten or more carbon atoms, alkylsulphates comprising six or more carbon atoms, alcohol ether sulphates, alpha-sulphoesters and alkylglucosides.

Abstract: Many aqueous compositions containing a peroxygen compound have a very low viscosity and thus easily run off non-horizontal surfaces. Particularly, when the peroxygen compound is a soluble peracid, the compositions are difficult to thicken successfully, because many commonly available thickening systems for aqueous media either fail to thicken them or are decomposed and/or decompose the peroxygen compound substantially during storage. The compositions, preferably containing a soluble peracid, are thickened with an alkali metal silicate, preferably sodium silicate, such as Na.sub.2 O(SiO.sub.2).sub.2 used suitably in an amount of from about 2 to 6% of the composition and normally introduced in the form of a concentrated aqueous composition. The compositions may contain additionally an alkylammonium methosulphate. Preferred peracid solutions include dilute equilibrated peracetic acid solutions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of macromonomers by reaction between a lactone and a hydroxyalkylacrylate in the presence of >200 ppm phosphoric acid catalyst is provided. The reaction takes place in the presence of a free radical inhibitor at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 130.degree. C. Preferably, the lactone is .epsilon.-caprolactone and the hydroxyalkylacrylate is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate.

Abstract: A catalyst system and process for the oxidative cleavage of alkenes with hydrogen peroxide is provided. The catalyst system comprises a source of ruthenium, a source of molybdenum and a phase transfer agent. The process comprises contacting an alkene with the hydrogen peroxide in the presence of the above catalyst system. Sources of ruthenium and molybdenum comprise the metals, salts or complexes. Preferred sources are RuCl.sub.3 and MoO.sub.3. The phase transfer agent is preferably a quaternary ammonium salt. The process usually takes place in the presence of an organic solvent, preferably t-butanol.

Abstract: An aqueous composition comprising a lower aliphatic peracid, a corrosion inhibitor and a peroxide stabilizer and/or peracid stabilizer, is useful for disinfecting medical equipment, particularly metal components of such equipment. A process for obtaining such compositions is also provided and comprises mixing a first aqueous solution comprising a lower aliphatic peracid with a second aqueous solution comprising hydrogen peroxide, a corrosion inhibitor and a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer and/or a peracid stabilizer. The first and second aqueous solutions can form a two pack system for obtaining such compositions.

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of alkylaromatic compounds is provided. The process comprises oxidizing a substrate alkylaromatic compound with a peroxygen compound in the presence of a source of cerium (III) or (IV), a source of bromide and a carboxylic acid or anhydride solvent. Preferably, the source of cerium is cerium (III) acetate, the source of bromide is sodium bromide and the solvent is acetic or propionic acid. The process is particularly suited to the selective oxidation of methylaromatic compounds to the corresponding aldehydes.

Abstract: Organic peracids supported on inorganic macromolecular supports and a process for preparing them are provided. The peracids have general chemical formulae: Q--O--Si--A--NR--X--CO.sub.3 H (I) wherein Q represents the inorganic support, A is an alkylene or arylene group, R represents hydrogen, alkyl or an aryl group and X represents an optionally substituted alkylene or arylene group, or Q--O--Si--A--N X'--CO.sub.3 H (II) where Q and A are as defined above, and X' represents an optionally substituted alkylene or arylene group. The peracids have improved stability and recovery characteristics compared with those of the prior art.

Abstract: A process for bleaching a chemical paper pulp, including, in the order recited, subjecting the chemical paper pulp to treatment with oxygen in a preliminary delignification stage which does not employ chlorine in an acidic medium or a combination of chlorine and chlorine dioxide in an acidic medium; subjecting the chemical paper pulp to treatment with peroxymonosulphuric acid in a peroxymonosulphuric acid stage carried out at a temperature ranging between 75.degree. and 100.degree. C. for a period ranging between 70 and 150 minutes and at a pulp consistency of ranging between 12 and 25% of dry matter; and subjecting the chemical paper pulp to treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline hydrogen peroxide stage.

Abstract: Continuous process for the manufacture of solid alkali metal persalt particles coated by crystallization of a supersaturated aqueous solution of persalts and covering of the persalt particles in a post-crystallization vessel into which at least one coating agent is introduced and in which crystallization of the coating agent around the persalt particles is carried out under controlled temperature and stirring conditions.

Abstract: The use of lactobionic acid, lactobionic acid salts and/or lactobionic acid derivatives as covering material is disclosed for coating alkali metal peroxy salts, in particular for coating sodium percarbonate. In an advantageous alternative of the invention, alkali metal peroxy salts are provided with a covering layer that contains as covering materials lactobionic acid and/or lactobionic acid salt mixed with boric acid and/or a boric acid salt as additional covering material. This coating stabilizes the alkali metal peroxy salts and protects them against humidity and decomposition. In another advantageous alternative, lactobionic acid, lactobionic acid salts and/or lactobionic acid derivatives are used in combination with or in particular mixed with an inorganic mineral salt mixture of alkali metal sulphate and alkali metal chloride as additional covering material for coating alkali metal peroxy salts, in particular for coating sodium percarbonate.