Abstract: Disclosed is a process for improving the storage stability of peracetic acid comprising adding an effective concentration of preferably 0.1-5 wt. % of an aliphatic alcohol ethoxylate wetting agent which has an EO number of greater than 4.

Abstract: Particulate alkali metal peroxy salts are stabilized by coating with a crystallized mineral salt mixture of alkali metal sulfate and alkali metal chloride which optionally may additionally contain alkali metal silicate. Particularly suitable alkali metal peroxy salts include peroxypyrophosphate, peroxytripolyphosphate, peroxymonosulfate and peroxycarbonate. The coated peroxy salts are incorporated in bleaching and detergent compositions.

Abstract: Process for the synthesis of alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons containing a saturated alkyl chain comprising at least four carbon atoms, according to which an aromatic hydrocarbon substituted by a saturated short-chain alkyl group comprising one to three carbon atoms is reacted with an olefin in the presence of a catalyst which comprises at least one alkali metal or one alkali metal hydride impregnated on an alumina support and the catalyst is prepared in the reaction medium in the presence of the aromatic hydrocarbon containing a short alkyl chain by mixing anhydrous alumina with the alkali metal hydride or with the alkali metal, the ratio by weight of the alkali metal or of the alkali metal hydride to the alumina support being between 0.6 and 1.8. Use of the process for the synthesis of tert-amylbenzene by alkylation of cumene with ethylene.

Abstract: A process for the controlled oxidation of alkyaromatic compounds comprises reacting said compounds with an oxidising system, comprising cobalt (II) ions, bromide ions, and hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an appropriate protic solvent.The process is particularly useful in the selective oxidation of poly(alkyl)aromatic compounds.

Abstract: Peroxycarboxylic acids of formula (I) are disclosed wherein the substituents are defined by the disclosure. The peroxycarboxylic acids are useful for washing, bleaching and disinfecting, and methods for using them in such processes are also disclosed. Further, a process for preparing the peroxycarboxylic acids is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention concerns novel sulphoperoxyacids having the following generic formula ##STR1## wherein the R', R", and M are as defined in the specification. Bleach compositions and methods of bleaching using such novel sulphoperoxyacids are also taught.

Abstract: Liquid compositions containing a perborate bleaching system having improved chemical stability over existing systems are prepared by suspending a salt of a superperborate in a non-aqueous liquid. The superperborate salts have an available oxygen content of greater than 16.1%, and an empirical chemical formula of the type Na.sub.x B.sub.y O.sub.z.nH.sub.2 O where x is 1-4, y is 1-5, z is 2-15 and n is 1-5. The ratio of x:y is between 0.5 to 1.2:1. The compositions may include surfactants, activators and detergent auxiliaries. Preferred surfactants are nonionic surfactants. When a surfactant is present, the compositions are bleach containing liquid detergents. When surfactants are not present, the compositions can be used as bleach additives or non-detergent cleaners.

Abstract: Method for the direct synthesis of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxyde from hydrogen and oxygen by hydrogenous catalysis in a three-phase system in which the hydrogen and oxygen are reacted directly in a gas state, at a pressure above atmospheric pressure, on the surface of a solid hydrogenous catalyst in suspension in a granular state in an aqueous liquid phase, said catalyst consisting of a metal compound selected from pure palladium or an association of palladium with at least one other noble metal, and impregnated on a substrate comprising at least one compound selected from alkaline-earth metal sulfates or phosphates. A catalyst is disclosed for the production of an aqueous liquid phase of hydrogen peroxyde consisting of a metal compound selected from pure palladium or an association of palladium with at least one another noble metal, and impregnated on a substrate comprising at least one compound selected from alkaline-earth metal sulfates or phosphates.

Abstract: Production of peroxomonosulphuric acid (Caro's acid) by reaction between concentrated hydrogen peroxide and sulphuric acid solutions can be impaired substantially when substoichiometric amounts of sulphuric acid are employed.The problem is ameliorated or removed by first forming a body of sulphuric acid-rich fluid (usually the smaller volume) and thereafter introducing into that body of fluid the hydrogen peroxide solution (usually the larger volume). The reaction mixture progressively becomes sulphuric acid-lean. The body of fluid is advantageously either concentrated sulphuric acid itself, or a premix formed by reaction between hydrogen peroxide and at least an equimolar amount of sulphuric acid. The process is particularly suitable for making Caro's acid when from 0.02 to 0.5 moles of sulphuric acid is employed per mole of hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Alkenes can be expoxidized with hydrogen peroxide using a homogeneous heavy metal catalyst, but discharge of spent reaction mixtures releases the heavy metal in the environment. The problem can be ameliorated by selecting a heterogeneous catalyst system comprising a tungsten-containing heteropolyacid supported on selected Group IIa, IIb, IVa or IVb inorganic supports or on a strong basic resin, which catalyst has either been calcined after impregnation of in the impregnation stage an alcoholic solution of the heteropolyacid is employed and by employing a nitrilo or oxygenated polar solvent reaction medium. A number of preferred heteropolyacids satisfy the empirical formula M.sub.3/n PW.sub.w MO.sub.12-w O.sub.40 in which w represents an integer of at least 1, M represents a counterion and n its basicity. Preferred supports include activated alumina, calcined at 400.degree. to 600.degree. C. and cross-linked quaternary ammonium-substituted polystyrene resins.

Abstract: A process for delignifying a lignocellulosic material comprising exposing the material to a mixture of peracid and ozone. Preferred peracids include Caro's acid and peracetic acid. Also disclosed is a kraft pulp delignification mixture comprising in combination: (a) water; (b) a kraft pulp at 1-40% consistency; (c) a peracid; and (d) from 0.1 to 5.0% ozone on pulp.

Abstract: Phenols, and related aromatic compounds, phenolic ethers, can be hydroxylated selectively using hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an amorphous or microcrystalline zirconium phosphate catalyst in a solvent containing an aliphatic carboxylic acid. The process is particularly suitable for phenol itself, and advantageously employs a partially dehydrated microcrystalline catalyst obtained by heating an hydrated microcrystalline zirconium phosphate for example at about 100.degree. C. A convenient reaction temperature is 50.degree. to 90.degree. C., and convenient solvent is acetic acid. In an improved method of producing the catalyst, zirconium phosphate is precipitated from an aqueous phosphoric acid solution of zirconium oxychloride in the presence of a cationic phase transfer agent such as an alkylpyridinium salt or tetraalkylquaternary ammonium salt or a nonionic surfactant such as an alcohol ethoxylate.

Abstract: Hydroxylation of phenol is prone to the production of tarry by-products. Selective hydroxylation of phenol can be obtained by reacting a limited amount of hydrogen peroxide with phenol in solution in a compatible organic solvent and in the presence of a catalyst that is at least partly soluble in the reaction medium and is the salt of a heteropolyacid of general formula: i) Q.sub.3 PMo.sub.m W.sub.12-m O.sub.40 or ii) Q.sub.3+v PM.sub.n V.sub.v O.sub.40, in which Q represents a compatible organic cation, m is zero or an integer less than 6, M represents molybdenum or tungsten, v is an integer which is up to 3, and n is an integer such that n+v=12. A preferred organic cation comprises cetyl pyridinium. Selectivity towards catechol is particularly observed employing heteropolyacid salts in which m=0 in formula i) and when n=11 and M=tungsten in formula ii) and towards hydroquinone when n=11 and M=molybdenum in formula ii). Preferably the reaction medium comprises acetonitrile.

Abstract: A composition having improved physical stability comprising an aqueous peroxidic solution of an alkali metal oxyboron compound containing alkali metal to boron in a substoichiometric mole ratio into which there has been introduced an effective stabilizing amount of cyclohexane -1,2-diaminotetra (methylene phosphonic acid) or a water soluble salt thereof. Also a process for enhancing the physical stability of an aqueous peroxidic solution of an alkali metal oxyboron compound containing alkali metal to boron in a substoichiometric mole ratio which is characterized by introducing into the solution an effective stabilizing amount of cyclohexane -1,2-diaminotetra (methylene phosphonic acid) or a water soluble salt thereof.

Abstract: Substituting aqueous hydrogen peroxide/hydrogen bromide for bromine in a known process for producing a ditertiaryalkyl substituted hydroxybenzaldehyde such as ditertiarybutyl hydroxybenzaldehyde from the corresponding ditertiaryalkyl substituted methylphenol results in a substantially impaired yield of product.Improved yields are obtained by employing a reaction temperature of at least 40.degree. C., preferably 50.degree. to 80.degree. C. in conjunction with a hydrophobic solvent such as chloroform. Preferably, the process employs very concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution, 65% to 75% w/w, introduced into the bromide-containing reaction mixture during a period of from 25 to 75 minutes.

Abstract: A dilute solution of a lower aliphatic peracid such as peracetic acid, having an equilibrium composition, is produced by contacting hydrogen peroxide with a lower aliphatic acid each at initial high concentrations in an aqueous reaction mixture to rapidly form a reaction mixture containing, for example, up to 30% by weight of peracid and diluting the reaction mixture with water and with any required quantities of lower aliphatic acid and/or hydrogen peroxide to reproduce the equilibrium composition of the dilute solution, the process being characterized in that the reaction mixture rich in lower aliphatic peracid is diluted before it has itself reached equilibrium, for example when it contains from 20 to 80% of its potential equilibrated content of peracid. The process provides a quick plant-efficient process for the production of stable dilute lower aliphatic peracid solutions for industrial disinfection purposes or for personal or domestic hygiene use.

Abstract: Sodium percarbonate particles stabilized by being coated with a solid coating material which contains a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium chloride, optionally together with one or more auxiliary agents used in the manufacture of sodium percarbonate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of vicinal diols and/or epoxides by the oxidation of olefinically-unsaturated compounds with the use of an inorganic heptavalent rhenium compound as catalyst and of hydrogen peroxide as oxidation agent, wherein the reaction is carried out in a solvent selected from the group consisting of organic phosphoric acid esters and ethers with a boiling point above 50.degree. C. under atmospheric conditions.

Abstract: The compound 6,6'-terephthal-di(amidoperoxyhexanoic) acid is disclosed.

Abstract: Reaction of amine-containing substrates with hydrogen peroxide can suffer from certain problems, especially in the presence of transition metals. These problems include both in situ generation of impurities and particularly nitrosamines, which are allegedly carcinogenic, and also impaired product formation. The problems can be ameliorated by employing in the reaction mixture free radical scavengers, including in particular phenols and polyhydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds. The scavengers are advantageously employed in conjunction with a metal chelating agent such as polycarboxylic acid or an organopolyphosphonic acid.