Abstract: A biochip substrate capable of realizing the high detection accuracy by restricting a nonspecific adsorption or bonding of a substance to be detected, when used for a detection or analysis of protein, nucleic acids and the like. The biochip substrate is for fixing a biologically active substance on a surface of a solid substrate, and characterized in that it has a layer comprising a polymer compound obtained by copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having an alkylene glycol residue, an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having a functional group for fixing a biologically active substance and an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having a cross-linkable functional group, on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes biomarkers, methods, devices, reagents, systems, and kits for the detection and diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer and general cancer. In one aspect, methods are provided for diagnosing non-small cell lung cancer, where the methods include detecting, in a sample, at least one biomarker value corresponding to at least one biomarker selected from the biomarkers provided in Table 1, wherein an individual is classified as having lung cancer, or the likelihood of having lung cancer is determined, based on the at least one biomarker value. In another aspect, methods are provided for diagnosing cancer, where the methods include detecting, in a sample, at least one biomarker value corresponding to at least one biomarker selected from the biomarkers provided in Table 19, wherein an individual is classified as having cancer, or the likelihood of having cancer is determined, based on the at least one biomarker value.

Abstract: A biochip substrate capable of realizing the high detection accuracy by restricting a nonspecific adsorption or bonding of a substance to be detected, when used for a detection or analysis of protein, nucleic acids and the like. The biochip substrate is for fixing a biologically active substance on a surface of a solid substrate, and characterized in that it has a layer comprising a polymer compound obtained by copolymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having an alkylene glycol residue, an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having a functional group for fixing a biologically active substance and an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer having a cross-linkable functional group, on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and reagents for detecting the binding of protein targets to nucleic acid ligands. Using Universal Protein Stains (UPS), proteins bound by nucleic acid ligands may be labeled with a detectable moiety. The methods and reagents are particularly useful for the detection of protein targets bound to multiplexed arrays of nucleic acid ligands. The present invention also provides novel methods for the multiplexed evaluation of photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands. The methods allow one simultaneously to: (1) evaluate the performance (dynamic range) of a plurality of photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands; and (2) assess the specificity of each photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligand for its cognate target protein. Photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands with the most desirable properties can then be selected for use in diagnostic and prognostic medical assays.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of nucleic acid chemistry, specifically to 5-position modified uridines as well as phosphoramidite and triphosphate derivatives thereof. The present disclosure also relates to methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods for producing aptamers and photoaptamers having slower dissociation rate constants than are obtained using prior SELEX and photoSELEX methods. The disclosure further describes aptamers and photoaptamers having slower dissociation rate constants than those obtained using prior methods. This invention relates to the field of diagnostic histology, cytology, histopathology, and cytopathology methods and reagents for the detection of various disease states. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of aptamers in histologic, cytologic, histopathic, and/or cytopathic diagnostic methods. Aptamers may be provided that react with specific target molecules contained within a histological or cytological sample. Aptamers may be used to assess localization, relative density, and presence or absence of one or more target. Targets may be selected that are specific and diagnostic of a given disease state for which the sample was collected.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes improved SELEX methods for producing aptamers that are capable of binding to target molecules and improved photoSELEX methods for producing photoreactive aptamers that are capable of both binding and covalently crosslinking to target molecules. Specifically, the present disclosure describes methods for producing aptamers and photoaptamers having slower dissociation rate constants than are obtained using prior SELEX and photoSELEX methods. The disclosure further describes aptamers and photoaptamers having slower dissociation rate constants than those obtained using prior methods. In addition, the disclosure describes aptamer constructs that include a variety of functionalities, including a cleavable element, a detection element, and a capture or immobilization element.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods, devices, reagents, and kits for the detection of one or more target molecules that may be present in a test sample. The described methods, devices, kits, and reagents facilitate the detection and quantification of a non-nucleic acid target (e.g., a protein target) in a test sample by detecting and quantifying a nucleic acid (i.e., an aptamer). The methods described create a nucleic acid surrogate for a non nucleic acid target, thus allowing the wide variety of nucleic acid technologies, including amplification, to be applied to a broader range of desired targets, especially protein targets. The disclosure further describes aptamer constructs that facilitate the use of aptamers in a variety of analytical detection applications.

Abstract: The present application includes biomarkers, methods, devices, reagents, systems, and kits for the detection and diagnosis of ovarian cancer. In one aspect, the application provides biomarkers that can be used alone or in various combinations to diagnose ovarian cancer or permit the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass as benign or malignant. In another aspect, methods are provided for diagnosing ovarian cancer in an individual, where the methods include detecting, in a biological sample from an individual, at least one biomarker value corresponding to at least one biomarker selected from the group of biomarkers provided in Table 1, wherein the individual is classified as having ovarian cancer, or the likelihood of the individual having ovarian cancer is determined, based on the at least one biomarker value.

Abstract: A nucleic acid ligand “biochip” is disclosed, consisting of a solid support to which one or more specific nucleic acid ligands is attached in a spatially defined manner. Each nucleic acid ligand binds specifically and avidly to a particular target molecule contained within a test mixture, such as a bodily fluid. The target molecules include, but are not limited to, proteins (cellular, viral, bacterial, etc.) hormones, sugars, metabolic byproducts, cofactor, and intermediates, drugs, and toxins. Contacting the test mixture with the biochip leads to the binding of a target molecule to its cognate nucleic acid ligand. The biochip may then be contacted with a reagent(s) that reacts covalently with proteins and not with nucleic acids. Each protein target in the test mixture may then detected by detecting the presence of the reagent at the appropriate address on the biochip.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and device for performing automated SELEX. The steps of the SELEX process are performed at one or more work stations on a work surface by a robotic manipulator controlled by a computer. The invention also includes methods and reagents to obviate the need for size-fractionation of amplified candidate nucleic acids before beginning the next round of the SELEX process.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and reagents for detecting the binding of protein targets to nucleic acid ligands. Using Universal Protein Stains (UPS), proteins bound by nucleic acid ligands may be labeled with a detectable moiety. The methods and reagents are particularly useful for the detection of protein targets bound to multiplexed arrays of nucleic acid ligands. The present invention also provides novel methods for the multiplexed evaluation of photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands. The methods allow one simultaneously to: (1) evaluate the performance (dynamic range) of a plurality of photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands; and (2) assess the specificity of each photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligand for its cognate target protein. Photocrosslinking nucleic acid ligands with the most desirable properties can then be selected for use in diagnostic and prognostic medical assays.

Abstract: This invention is directed towards a method for obtaining nucleic acid ligands against target proteins without directly purifying the target proteins. The method used in the invention is called SELEX, which is an acronym for Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment. The nucleic acid ligands of the invention are useful as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for diseases in which the targets proteins play a causative role.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and device for performing automated SELEX. The steps of the SELEX process are performed at one or more work stations on a work surface by a robotic manipulator controlled by a computer. The invention also includes methods and reagents to obviate the need for size-fractionation of amplified candidate nucleic acids before beginning the next round of the SELEX process.

Abstract: The invention provides method for producing nucleic acid ligands that generate a signal, or cause a decrease in the level of a signal, in the presence of a target molecule or an environmental stimulus. The methods of the instant invention are collectively termed Conditional SELEX. The nucleic acid ligands of the instant invention are useful in any application where it is desirable to measure the concentration of a target molecule or detect and quantitate an environmental stimulus.

Abstract: A nucleic acid ligand “biochip” is disclosed, consisting of a solid support to which one or more specific nucleic acid ligands is attached in a spatially defined manner. Each nucleic acid ligand binds specifically and avidly to a particular target molecule contained within a test mixture, such as a bodily fluid. The target molecules include, but are not limited to, proteins (cellular, viral, bacterial, etc.) hormones, sugars, metabolic byproducts, cofactor, and intermediates, drugs, and toxins. Contacting the test mixture with the biochip leads to the binding of a target molecule to its cognate nucleic acid ligand. The biochip may then be contacted with a reagent(s) that reacts covalently with proteins and not with nucleic acids. Each protein target in the test mixture may then detected by detecting the presence of the reagent at the appropriate address on the biochip.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and device for performing automated SELEX. The steps of the SELEX process are performed at one or more work stations on a work surface by a cartesian robotic manipulator controlled by a computer.

Abstract: The invention provides method for producing nucleic acid ligands that generate a signal, or cause a decrease in the level of a signal, in the presence of a target molecule or an environmental stimulus. The methods of the instant invention are collectively termed Conditional SELEX. The nucleic acid ligands of the instant invention are useful in any application where it is desirable to measure the concentration of a target molecule or detect and quantitate an environmental stimulus.

Abstract: A diagnostic biochip comprising a solid support to which one or more specific nucleic acid ligands is attached in a spatially defined manner is provided. Each nucleic acid ligand binds specifically and avidly to a particular target molecule contained within a test mixture, such as a bodily fluid. Also provided are methods for the preparation of nucleic acid ligand biochips. Further, methods for the use of the nucleic acid ligand biochip in diagnosis of a medical condition and quantitative detection of a target molecule are provided.

Abstract: A Nucleic acid ligand “Biochip” is disclosed, consisting of a solid support to which one or more specific Nucleic acid ligands is attached in a spatially defined manner. Each Nucleic acid ligand binds specifically and avidly to a particular Target molecule contained within a Test mixture, such as a Bodily fluid. The Target molecules include, but are not limited to, proteins (cellular, viral, bacterial, etc.) hormones, sugars, metabolic byproducts, cofactor, and intermediates, drugs, and toxins. Contacting the Test mixture with the Biochip leads to the binding of a Target molecule to its cognate Nucleic acid ligand. Binding of Target to the Nucleic acid ligand results in a detectable change at each specific location on the Biochip. The detectable change can include, but is not limited to, a change in fluorescence, or a change in a physical parameter, such as electrical conductance or refractive index, at each location on the Biochip.