Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a first digital beamformer (DBF) associated with a first subset of antennas of a phased array antenna, the first DBF including a transmit section associated with transmission of a first signal at a first frequency in a transmit mode and a receive section associated with receiving of a second signal at a second frequency in a receive mode, the second frequency being different from the first frequency. The apparatus includes a second DBF associated with a second subset of antennas of the phased array antenna. The first and second DBFs are configured to receive a local oscillator signal having the first frequency from a common local oscillator in the transmit mode and receive the local oscillator signal having the second frequency from the common local oscillator in the receive mode.

Abstract: A method of identifying an object signature in an environment includes acquiring infrared information from the environment using a detection unit in order to obtain an infrared wavelength spectrum associated with the environment. The method further includes selecting three wavelength bands of the infrared wavelength spectrum using a filtering unit and detecting a presence of the three wavelength bands of the infrared wavelength spectrum in the environment by filtering the selected three wavelength bands using the filtering unit. The method further includes determining an intensity indicator for the three selected wavelength bands using a processing unit and classifying the object signature using the processing unit based on the determined intensity indicator in order to identify the object signature.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting spoofing attempts are disclosed. In one embodiment, a ground station system for detecting a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoof signal includes a receiver configured to receive data collected by a detection satellite that (1) is on a first orbit that is lower than a second orbit used by a GNSS satellite and (2) includes: a first antenna positioned to receive signals originating from a planetary surface, and a second antenna positioned to receive signals originating from the GNSS satellite on a higher orbit than the first orbit of the detection satellite. The ground station further includes one or more processors configured to calculate, using the time of arrival of the signal received at the first antenna and the position of the detection satellite determined based on the signal received at the second antenna, a geolocation of a source of the signal originating from a planetary surface.

Abstract: A rocket propulsion system that may include a supersonic rocket nozzle with a supersonic divergent section, and a heat transfer system configured to transfer heat from the supersonic rocket nozzle to a propellant where a portion of the propellant may be selectively injected, combusted, and expanded in the supersonic nozzle generating an additional thrust. In examples, the heated propellant may be used to power a pump system to feed the rocket engine.

Abstract: A multiple hold down and release device for restraining and releasing a payload from a spacecraft performs methods to release a payload from a spacecraft and install a multiple hold down and release device. At a periphery, the device includes hold-down assemblies. Each assembly has a hold-down bracket configured to attach to the payload and a hold-down support, both having conical mating surfaces. Each hold-down support includes a torsion spring(s) around an axis. In pairs of connecting levers, each lever includes a first end coupling to a corresponding hold-down support such that each corresponding lever is articulated with the corresponding hold-down support through an axis; and a second end opposite the first end. Restraint cables join second ends of each pair of connecting levers and are arranged radially with a central area where the restraint cables cross. A central release actuator is configured for cutting the restraint cables.

Abstract: An image processing method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: acquiring a to-be-processed image; determining a weather type corresponding to the to-be-processed image; according to the weather type, acquiring an environment noise feature in the to-be-processed image corresponding to the weather type; and obtaining a non-noise image feature of the to-be-processed image according to the environment noise feature, and according to the environment noise feature, the non-noise image feature and the to-be-processed image, generating a denoised image corresponding to the to-be-processed image.

Abstract: A delay compensation method and device are provided. The method includes: obtaining a control plane message; obtaining a path delay of each of multiple radio units, and determining a compensation time length corresponding to each of the radio units based on a reference path delay and the path delay of each of the radio units; and sending the control plane message to each of the radio units based on the compensation time length corresponding to each of the radio units.

Abstract: Systems for wireless power transfer (WPT) include one or more WPT transmission devices and one or more WPT receiver devices to wirelessly receive power transmitted by the one or more WPT transmission devices. The WPT receiver devices are arranged at a fixed position relative to each of the WPT transmission devices. A WPT transmit controller of the systems is coupled to the one or more WPT transmission devices to control WPT transmission properties of the one or more WPT transmission devices in order to harmonize and adapt the transmit power level at the fixed position of the one or more WPT receiver devices.

Abstract: A multiple functional instrument is provided. The instrument includes an optical autocovariance function interferometer that can feature multiple fields of view to detect winds in the atmosphere. The instrument can include an infrared camera to detect atmospheric temperatures and the presence of clouds, and a detector assembly that detects the polarization of light returned to the interferometer. Data collected by the instrument can be provided to a deep and reinforcement learning algorithm for real-time prediction of clear air turbulence and other wind-based aviation safety phenomena. Moreover, predicted and actual conditions can be correlated and used to train a deep learning algorithm to enable more accurate predictions. The instrument can be carried by an aircraft or other platform and operated to detect clear air turbulence or other atmospheric phenomena, and to provide instructions regarding flight parameters including wind-aided navigation in order to minimize the effect of predicted turbulence.

Abstract: An artificial gravity heating system includes a cylindrical compartment formed of a hollow cylinder having a bottom base and an open top end. An electric motor rotates the cylindrical compartment to provide centripetal motion of materials inside the cylindrical compartment. While rotating, the materials move towards an inner wall of the cylindrical compartment. A heating element is conductively coupled along an outer wall of the cylindrical compartment for heating the materials against the inner wall via conduction. A temperature sensor is operatively coupled to the cylindrical compartment for monitoring a temperature of the cylindrical compartment. A controller is configured to control operation of the heating element based on the temperature monitored via the temperature sensor. An artificial gravity heating method is used to process materials including heating ingredients to cook food. The artificial gravity heating system may also be configured as a vapor generator dehydrator or a thermal gas generator.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an electrically small antenna are provided. The antenna can include an arm or a pair of arms disposed on a surface of a substrate. The substrate and the arm or arms are generally disposed in an aperture or volume formed in a housing. A capacitive gap is provided between the arm and the housing, or between the arms. Where the antenna includes a pair of arms, each arm generally includes a main portion disposed on the first surface of the substrate and a perpendicular portion that extends from the first surface of a substrate towards a ground plane on a second surface of the substrate. The perpendicular portions of the arms face one another. In addition, the main portions of the arms can be tapered in plan view. A ground plane can be provided on the second surface side of the substrate.

Abstract: A wireless communications system includes a pre-distortion actuator configured to receive a carrier-modulated signal and convert the carrier-modulated signal into an output signal, the pre-distortion actuator comprising a behavioral model that models a transmit chain of the system including at least one amplifier and at least one antenna and predict an input-output relationship of the transmit chain of the system between an input to the transmit chain to an output of the transmit chain. The system includes a phased antenna array configured to transmit the output signal. The phased antenna array includes a plurality of antenna elements, each antenna element electrically coupled to a respective power amplifier. The pre-distortion actuator is configured to generate the output signal by applying a correction to the carrier-modulated input signal that cancels out nonlinearities The behavioral model is updated based on feedback from a receiver from a previous output signal transmitted to the receiver.

Abstract: Embodiment herein provide a Bose-Chadhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) encoder for generating a BCH signal. The BCH encoder (1) includes a memory for storing a minimum distance to be used for generating the BCH signal for a BCH code (n, k) and a polynomial generator for generating a generator polynomial for the BCH code (n, k) and encoding the generator polynomial to obtain the BCH signal. The polynomial generator includes a set of k registers (4) connected in series to receive the information bits and output an encoded bit based on a clock signal, a first gate (5) to receive a code length, a number of information bits, and the minimum distance as input, a second gate (6), and a finite field adder circuit (7) for determining a finite field sum of the output of each register of the set of k registers (4).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and techniques are provided for a radio link control (RLC) sublayer. An example satellite or user terminal can include a divisional of layer 2 of the OSI protocol layer structure. An example method includes providing a RLC sublayer on top of a MAC sublayer and adaptively switching, via the RLC sublayer and based on external data, between an unacknowledged mode and an acknowledged mode for the electronic communications. If the RLC sublayer is operating in the unacknowledged mode, the RLC sublayer provides one or more of (1) fragmentation and reassembly of service data units; (2) a use of RLC headers; and/or (3) no delivery guarantees. If the RLC sublayer is operating in the acknowledged mode, the RLC sublayer provides reliability in a sequence delivery service and one or more of (1) fragmentation and reassembly of service data units; and/or (2) the use of RLC headers.

Abstract: An unreal engine-based automatic light arrangement method includes: acquiring a house type model and basic data imported into an unreal engine, the basic data being data obtained after a house type image file of the house type model is parsed (S101); on the basis of first object data and second object data in the basic data, respectively creating an indoor light source and a light-supplementing light source in a room region of the house type model (S102); creating an outdoor light source for the house type model, and creating a later volume on an outer side of the house type model by using a preset light arrangement rule, such that the house type model is wrapped in the later volume (S103); and adjusting parameters of the later volume, and setting light tracking parameters in the later volume, so as to render light arrangement of the house type model (S104).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of space electric propulsion of spacecrafts, and discloses a thrust-quantitatively-controllable and self-neutralizable Kaufman ion thruster and a use method thereof. The Kaufman ion thruster includes a discharge chamber, a central cathode, a gas supply assembly, a steel magnetic assembly, an insulating barrier and a grid system, wherein the central cathode is coaxially inserted in the center of a front panel; the gas supply assembly includes an electronegative working substance gas source, a conventional working substance gas source, N electronegative working medium gas supply pipes and N working medium gas supply pipes; the insulating barrier includes a central connecting rod and 2N fins. Self-neutralization can be achieved without the need of neutralizers. In addition, the center-oriented thrust modes can be used for spacecraft orbit control; and the eccentric thrust mode can be used for spacecraft attitude adjustment.

Abstract: A method for producing a via in a III-V multijunction solar cell that comprises a substrate arranged on an underside. The substrate has an upper side and an epitaxial layer system with multiple III-V layers on the upper side, and the epitaxial layer system comprises at least one first III-V solar cell. An organic layer is arranged on the upper side of the first III-V solar cell, and an opening having a width X and a base surface formed in the epitaxial layer system is generated in a first method step with a laser. An opening having a width Y and having a base surface is generated in a second method step, width Y being smaller than width X, and an opening having a width Z is generated in a third method step, the opening not having a base surface, and width Z being smaller than width Y.

Abstract: A method for producing a trench-shaped structure in a III-V multi-junction solar cell with an upper side and an underside. The III-V multi-junction solar cell includes a substrate arranged on the underside, and the substrate has an epilayer system on a front side. The epilayer system has at least one first III-V solar cell formed on the upper side, an organic layer is arranged on the first solar cell, and in a first processing step a first trench with a width X is created via a laser. In a second processing step a second trench with a width Y and with a bottom surface formed in the substrate is created via the laser, wherein the width Y is smaller than the width X, so that a first step is formed with the execution of the second processing step.

Abstract: Inhomogeneous dielectric lenses for electromagnetic waves can be produced by a process such as 3D printing to have controllable dielectric values. Dielectric values can be produced by a varying density of air voids within, for example, a dielectric matrix to obtain an effective overall density. Approaches in accordance with various embodiments can obtain uniform, isotropic dielectric properties without resonant behavior by the use of aperiodic distributions of nonuniformly-sized air voids. Target air fraction and distribution of air voids can be specified by a target dielectric constant through dielectric mixing rules, such as Maxwell-Garnet mixing rules, and a requirement for locally uniform distributions of air voids, while varying the density of the air voids across the overall structure to produce a desired gradient of dielectric properties.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory media are provided for cross-coupling modeling and compensation.