Abstract: A communications system comprises a ground hub in a background area, aerial vehicles flying in a formation with slowly varying spacing between the aerial vehicles, and a user terminal in a region within a foreground area. The foreground area is spatially separate from the background area. The ground hub comprises a ground-based beam forming facility (GBBF) for receiving and transforming input signals into beam-formed signals, and a first antenna system coupled to the GBBF for transmitting concurrently the beam-formed signals in a first frequency band to respective aerial vehicles via respective background links. The aerial vehicles receive respectively the beam-formed signals via the background links and transmit respectively the beam-formed signals as respective signal beams covering at least the region within the foreground area in a second frequency band. The user terminal comprises a second antenna system for receiving concurrently the signal beams via foreground links to the aerial vehicles.

Abstract: Presented are cloud storage architectures for private data among terminals with enhanced capability of data privacy and survivability. Pre-processing for storing data in IP cloud comprises: transforming multiple first data sets into multiple second data sets at an uploading site, wherein one of said second data sets comprises a weighted sum of said first data sets; storing said second data sets in an IP cloud via IP connectivity; and storing multiple data storages linking to said second data sets at said uploading site. In accordance with an embodiment post processing may comprise recovering said second data sets at a downloading site via IP network.

Abstract: A communication system includes a transmitter, one or more active scattering platforms, and one or more remote receivers. The transmitter includes a beam forming network for transforming M signals into a set of shaped beams which are radiated toward the active scattering platforms by transmitter antenna elements. The active scattering platforms receive and re-radiate one or more of the radiated shaped beams toward the receivers. The beam forming network optimizes composite transfer functions under performance constraints. Each composite transfer function is a linear combination of transfer functions. Each transfer function characterizes propagation paths from one transmitter antenna element to one receiving antenna element. Each receiving antenna element is identified by a user element identification index in the transfer functions. Each receiver is identified by a user identification index.

Abstract: A broadband linear processing system includes a pre-processing module and a set of M linear processors coupled to the pre-processing module, M being an integer greater than 1. The pre-processing module includes a wavefront multiplexer having M input ports and M output ports. The wavefront multiplexer receives M input signals at the M input ports, performs a wavefront multiplexing transform on the M input signals and outputs M narrowband signal streams at the M output ports. The wavefront multiplexing transform has an inverse. Each of the M linear processors receives and processes a corresponding one of the M narrowband signal streams, and outputs a corresponding one of M processed narrowband signal streams.

Abstract: A system for remotely generating beams to be concurrently radiated by a downlink broadcast antenna array having N array elements onboard a satellite, N being an integer>1, includes a ground station comprising a digital beam forming (DBF) processor, a wavefront multiplexer, and D/A converters. The DBF processor applies beam weight vectors which include information on a footprint and a pointing direction of a beam to a content data stream and generates N data streams. The wavefront multiplexer having M input ports and M output ports, M being an integer?N, receives the N data streams and M?N diagnostic streams at the M input ports, performs a spatial transform on the M input streams to generate M output streams. The D/A converters convert respectively the M output streams to M baseband signals which are then transformed into an uplink signal to be transmitted to the satellite.

Abstract: A system for communications via first and second transponders includes a transmitter in a ground hub and a VSAT on a moving platform. The transmitter includes a beam shaping processor for forming concurrently first and second beams to transmit first and second streams of data to the VSAT via the first and second transponders, respectively. The VSAT comprises an array antenna, a beam forming network, Rx/Tx processors, and a mini-hub. The array antenna includes N discrete elements arranged as a distributed array and mounted on a fixed structure, N>1. The beam forming network, remotely located from the array antenna and coupled to the array antenna wirelessly or via a fiber, forms concurrent tracking beams for the array antenna to track the transponders. The Rx/Tx processors perform communications functions including modulation, demodulation, channelization, frequency tracking, and timing synchronization. The mini-hub communicates wirelessly with user devices onboard the moving platform.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a wavefront muxing processor receiving first and second input signals to generate first and second output signals on first and second communication channels, respectively, the first and second output signals being at a common frequency slot and having relative differential amplitude and phase delays; and an amplitude and phase adjustment element located at one of the first and second communication channels to adjust the relative differential amplitude and phase delays using an adjustment amount to reduce interference in the first and second communication channels. The first output signal is a weighted sum of the first input signal and the second input signal that is phase shifted by a second phase shift. The second output signal is a weighted sum of the second input signal and the first input signal that is phase shifted by a first phase shift. The two output signals are transmitted to a transponder.

Abstract: A wireless communications system comprises a transmitting terminal, transponding repeaters located on moving airborne platforms, and receiving terminals located in a first coverage area and a second coverage area. The transmitting terminal comprises a preprocessing unit to receive information data streams, perform a wavefront multiplexing transformation on the information data streams, generate at least a first and a second wavefront multiplexed information data streams, and transmit the first and second wavefront multiplexed information data streams to the receiving terminals via the transponding repeaters.

Abstract: A communication system and method for a deep space spacecraft receiver to perform post-processing to dynamically combine received signal power coherently for pre-processed signal streams radiated non-coherently from a distributed, multiple element, Ka-band transmitting array via multiple concurrent propagation paths. Mutually orthogonal data and pilot signals travel though the multiple propagation paths. A pre-processor utilizing wavefront multiplexing restructures signal streams on the ground into multi-channel wavefrom structures along with injections of pilot signals for diagnostic and probing purposes. These restructured, or “wavefront multiplexed” (WFM) signals are transmitted through propagation channels to a receiver on the spacecraft, wherein adaptive equalization and wavefront de-multiplexing coherently separates the mixtures of received WFM signals.

Abstract: A quiet zone generation technique for acoustic/audio signals is proposed for mitigation of selected noise or interferences over limited areas in free space by injecting the very acoustic noise, interference, or audio feedback signals via iterative processing, generating quiet zones dynamically. This creates undesired noise-free quiet zones. Optimization loops operating iteratively to electronically process cancellation signals consist of three interconnected functional blocks: (1) an acoustic injection array, consisting of pick-up arrays to obtain the interference signals, beam forming networks for element weighting and/or re-positioning, and array elements for noise injections, (2) a diagnostic network with strategically located probes, and (3) an optimization processor with cost minimization algorithms to calculate element weights for updating.

Abstract: A data communication system comprises an optical transferring device, optical network units, and user processors. The optical transferring device splits a received optical signal into split optical signals. Each optical network unit transforms a respective split optical signal into M first electronic signals, M>1. Each user processor comprises an input mapping unit to map the respective M first electronic signals into N second electronic signals, N?M; an equalization processor to equalize the N second electronic signals and generate a set of N equalized electronic signals; a wave-front demultiplexer to perform a wave-front demultiplexing transform on the N equalized electronic signals, and output N wave-front demultiplexed signals, each of the N wave-front demultiplexed signals being a unique linear combination of the N equalized electronic signals; and an output mapping unit to map the N wave-front demultiplexed signals into at least M third digital electronic data signals.

Abstract: A system includes a ground hub and a mobile airborne platform hovering over or close to a coverage area on or near the earth surface. The mobile airborne platform comprises a bistatic radar receiver including an antenna system to capture first radiofrequency signals originated from a first satellite and second radiofrequency signals originated from a second satellite, via direct paths and via reflected paths from the coverage area. The mobile airborne platform transmits the captured first and second radiofrequency signals to a ground hub via a feeder link. The ground hub includes a remote beam forming network to remotely form receiving beams for the antenna system of the bistatic radar receiver to capture the first and second radiofrequency signals, and a remote radar processing center to transform the captured first and second radiofrequency signals into a first and a second two-dimensional radiofrequency image, respectively.

Abstract: A broadband digital beam forming system comprises a set of Q pre-processing modules, Q being an integer greater than or equal to 2, and a set of M digital beam forming modules in communication with the Q preprocessing modules. Each of the Q preprocessing modules receives a respective one of Q broadband input signal streams and outputs M narrowband signal streams, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2. The total number of narrowband signal streams outputted by the Q pre-processing modules is Q times M. Each of the M digital beam forming modules receives corresponding Q narrowband signal streams of the Q times M narrowband signal streams, and outputs R beam signals, R being an integer greater than or equal to 1. The system further comprises a set of R post-processing modules in communication with the M digital beam forming modules.

Abstract: A method and a system for reducing undesired interference in a target zone. A set of M pickup sensors pick up undesired signals in real time and generate M pickup signals, M being an integer greater than or equal to 1. A beam forming network coupled to the M pickup sensors comprises a receiving beam forming module and a transmitting beam forming module. The receiving beam forming module receives the M pickup signals and generates K beam signals, K being an integer greater than or equal to 1. The transmitting beam forming module receives the K beam signals and generates N interference signals, N being an integer greater than 1. A set of N injectors coupled to the transmitting beam forming module receives the N interference signals, respectively, and radiates the N interference signals to the target zone.

Abstract: A satellite broadcasting system is achieved where remote beam forming processors combined with wavefront multiplexers located among distributed ground stations are used to control downlink beam footprints and pointing directions. Digital beam forming (DBF) techniques allow a single satellite download broadcast antenna array to generate multiple independently pointed simultaneous downlinks, which may contain distinct information content. Allocation of some uplink back-channel elements as diagnostic signals allows for continuous calibration of uplink channels, improving downlink broadcast array and user broadcast performance. Wavefront multiplexing/demultiplexing allows all array element signals to be radiated by the broadcasting antenna array, with simultaneous propagation from ground stations to the broadcasting satellites through available parallel propagation channels in the uplinks of feeder links, with equalized amplitude and phase differentials.

Abstract: Signals of data streams for transmission to user equipment (UE) in spoke-and-hub configurations will utilize multiple transponders of satellites. Radiation patterns from ground terminals with distributed apertures feature orthogonal beams (OB). A tracking OB beam from a moving platform dynamically shall autonomously be formed as a shaped beam by a digital-beam-forming (DBF) network with a peak to a desired satellite, and nulls to undesired satellites to minimize mutual interferences among multiple satellite spatially. Ground hubs and mobile terminals feature “coherent” bandwidth aggregating capability from multiple available but non-contiguous slices of frequency slots in many transponders by wavefront multiplexing/demultiplexing (WF muxing/demuxing) techniques. These individual frequency slots must be dynamically selected, calibrated and equalized continuously in receivers via embedded probing signals as a part of WF muxing/demuxing techniques.

Abstract: A communication system includes a transmitter, one or more active scattering platforms, and one or more remote receivers. The transmitter includes a beam forming network for transforming M signals into a set of shaped beams which are radiated toward the active scattering platforms by transmitter antenna elements. The active scattering platforms receive and re-radiate one or more of the radiated shaped beams toward the receivers. The beam forming network optimizes composite transfer functions under performance constraints. Each composite transfer function is a linear combination of transfer functions. Each transfer function characterizes propagation paths from one transmitter antenna element to one receiving antenna element. Each receiving antenna element is identified by a user element identification index in the transfer functions. Each receiver is identified by a user identification index.

Abstract: A data communication system comprises a central office processor which comprises a first input mapping unit, a first wave-front multiplexer, and a first output mapping unit. The first input mapping unit receives and dynamically maps digital data into a plurality of first electronic signals. The first wave-front multiplexer is coupled to the first input mapping unit to receive the first electronic signals, perform a wave-front multiplexing transformation on the first electronic signals, and output wave-front multiplexed signals, each of the wave-front multiplexed signals being a linear combination of the first electronic signals. The first output mapping unit is coupled to the first wave-front multiplexer to receive and dynamically map the wave-front multiplexed signals into second electronic signals.

Abstract: Four independent technologies are incorporated in this invention to efficiently and cost effectively implement dynamic last mile connectivity. The four technologies are passive optical networks (PON), Small cell, wavefront multiplexing (or K-muxing), and digital beam forming (DBF). We have filed US patents for communications architectures featuring K-muxing overlaid over low cost of PON. Those inventions relate particularly to resource allocation in passive optical networks (PON) via wavefront multiplexing (WF-muxing or K-muxing) and wavefront demultiplexing (WF-demuxing or K-demuxing). The “WF-muxing in PON” can be configured for performing remote digital beam forming (RDBF) over a service area covered by multiple small cells. The RDBF may generate multiple shaped beams with enhanced connectivity and better isolations over a same frequency slot concurrently to serve multiple users over the coverage area.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion system includes a first processor, a bank of N analog-to-digital converters, and a second processor. The first processor receives M input signal streams, performs a wave-front multiplexing transform that includes a first set of wave-front vectors on the M input signal streams in analog domain and outputs concurrently N mixed signal streams, M and N being integers and N?M>1. The N analog-to-digital converters convert the N mixed signal streams from analog format to digital format and output concurrently N digital data streams. The second processor receives the N digital data streams, performs a wave-front de-multiplexing transform that includes a second set of wave-front vectors on the N digital data streams in digital domain and outputs concurrently N output data streams such that the N output data streams include M output data streams that correspond respectively to the M input signal streams.