Abstract: A power amplification system comprises a pre-processor including a wavefront multiplexer, a set of power amplifiers, and a post-processor including a wavefront demultiplexer. The wavefront multiplexer receives concurrently N input signals, N being an integer greater than 2, performs a wavefront multiplexing transform on the N input signals by attaching N wavefronts to the N input signals respectively, and generates N first output signals. The N wavefronts are unique and mutually orthogonal. The wavefront multiplexing transform has an inverse. The N power amplifiers amplify the N first output signals and generate N amplified signals. The wavefront demultiplexer performs the inverse of the wavefront multiplexing transform on the N amplified signals and generates N second output signals, the N second output signals corresponding respectively to the N input signals. Each of the N second output signals is an amplified version of a corresponding one of the N input signals.

Abstract: Presented are cloud storage architectures for private data of scanned documents uploaded from smart phone among terminals with enhanced capability of data privacy and survivability. Pre-processing for storing data in IP cloud comprises: transforming multiple first data sets into multiple second data sets at an uploading site, wherein one of said second data sets comprises a weighted sum of said first data sets; storing said second data sets in an IP cloud via IP connectivity; and storing data in multiple data storages linking to said second data sets at said uploading site. In accordance with an embodiment of present invention post processing may comprise recovering said second data sets at a downloading site via IP network.

Abstract: A system for communication comprises an antenna system that includes a reflector having a focus and a feed array positioned at or near the focus and having N feed elements, N being an integer greater than 1. The N feed elements receive N feed signals that result from illumination of the N feed elements by a target signal incident on the reflector from a slow-moving signal source. A first N-to-N Fourier Transform device performs a spatial Fourier Transform on the N feed signals to generate N wavefront signals which are orthogonal to one another. Band-pass filters filter the N wavefront signals and output N filtered wavefront signals. Frequency down-converters down-convert the N filtered wavefront signals to an intermediate frequency or baseband frequency and generate N frequency-down-converted wavefront signals. Analog-to-digital converters digitize the N frequency-down-converted wavefront signals and output N digital wavefront signals.

Abstract: A data communication system comprises a central office processor which comprises a first input mapping unit, a first wave-front multiplexer, and a first output mapping unit. The first input mapping unit receives and dynamically maps digital data into a plurality of first electronic signals. The first wave-front multiplexer is coupled to the first input mapping unit to receive the first electronic signals, perform a wave-front multiplexing transformation on the first electronic signals, and output wave-front multiplexed signals, each of the wave-front multiplexed signals being a linear combination of the first electronic signals. The first output mapping unit is coupled to the first wave-front multiplexer to receive and dynamically map the wave-front multiplexed signals into second electronic signals.

Abstract: A system for reducing undesired interference in a target zone is disclosed. The system comprises a set of M pickup sensors, a beam forming network coupled to the M pickup sensors, and a set of N injectors coupled to the beam forming network. The M pickup sensors pick up undesired signals in real time and generate M pickup signals, M being an integer greater than or equal to 1. The beam forming network comprises a set of M beam forming modules. Each of the M beam forming modules receives a respective one of the M pickup signals and generates N intermediate signals, N being an integer greater than 1. The N intermediate signals generated by each of the M beam forming modules are combined correspondingly with remaining intermediate signals generated by remaining M?1 beam forming modules to generate N interference signals. The N injectors receive and radiate the N interference signals to the target zone.

Abstract: A communications system for providing recovery communication service to users in a coverage area affected by an emergency disruption of normal communication services. The system comprises a ground hub serving as a gateway to terrestrial networks including a dispatch center and configured to communicate with at least three mobile airborne platforms roving over the coverage area via respective feeder-links in a Ku or Ka band. A first mobile airborne platform communicates in a first frequency band with emergency workers that are working in the coverage area and associated with the dispatch center. A second mobile airborne platform communicates, in place of at least one disrupted base station in the coverage area, with user mobile phones in mobile phone frequency bands or user personal devices in WiFi bands located in the coverage area. A third mobile airborne platform generates real-time imaging of surfaces located in the coverage area.

Abstract: Aircrafts flying near Earth or naval vessels are used as active scattering platforms in a multipath communications channel in MIMO communications systems. These man-made platforms in a communications channel, with techniques of beam forming and wavefront multiplexing in both transmitters at source and receivers at destinations enhance the ability to coherently combine the power of the communication signals, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio in addition to the MIMO advantage of multiple times of channel capacity over a finite bandwidth via frequency reuse. These platforms may be stationary, mobile ground based, or ocean surface based. They may also be airborne, or space borne. A swarm of 10's micro-UAV based mini-transponders is an example through active scattering of these micro-UAV to generate 10× more available bandwidth between a base station and ground mobile users over same bandwidth.

Abstract: This invention aims to present a smart and dynamic power amplifier module that features both power combining and power sharing capabilities. The proposed flexible power amplifier (PA) module consists of a pre-processor, N PAs, and a post-processor. The pre-processor is an M-to-N wavefront (WF) multiplexer (muxer), while the post processor is a N-to-M WF de-multiplexer (demuxer), where N?M?2. Multiple independent signals can be concurrently amplified by a proposed multi-channel PA module with a fixed total power output, while individual signal channel outputs feature different power intensities with no signal couplings among the individual signals. In addition to basic configurations, some modules can be configured to feature both functions of parallel power amplifiers and also as M-to-M switches. Other programmable features include configurations of power combining and power redistribution functions with a prescribed amplitude and phase distributions, as well as high power PA with a linearizer.

Abstract: A receive only smart antenna with a command pointing option for communicating with geostationary satellites that autonomously detects the directions from which desired signal are received, and steer the multiple beams accordingly. An array feed is used to illuminate a parabolic reflector. Each feed element of the receive only smart antenna is associated with a unique beam pointing direction. As a receiver is switched to different feed elements, the far-field beam is scanned, making it possible to track a geostationary satellite in a slightly inclined orbit. This eliminates the need for mechanical tracking and maintains high antenna gain in the direction of the geostationary satellite. The receive only smart antenna also features capabilities to form multiple simultaneous beams supporting operations of multiple geo-satellites in closely spaced slightly inclined orbits. The designs can support orthogonal beams for enhanced bandwidth capacity via multiple beams with excellent spatial isolation.

Abstract: A communications system for providing recovery communication service to users in a coverage area affected by an emergency disruption of normal communication services. The system comprises a ground hub serving as a gateway to terrestrial networks including a dispatch center and configured to communicate with at least three mobile airborne platforms roving over the coverage area via respective feeder-links in a Ku or Ka band. A first mobile airborne platform communicates in a first frequency band with emergency workers that are working in the coverage area and associated with the dispatch center. A second mobile airborne platform communicates, in place of at least one disrupted base station in the coverage area, with user mobile phones in mobile phone frequency bands or user personal devices in WiFi bands located in the coverage area. A third mobile airborne platform generates real-time imaging of surfaces located in the coverage area.

Abstract: A data communication system comprises a wave-front multiplexer configured to wave-front multiplex first electronic signals into second electronic signals. The data communication system further comprises an electronic-to-optical converter configured to convert a third electronic signal carrying information associated with the second electronic signals into a first optical signal; and an optical transferring module configured to split the first optical signal into second optical signals, wherein each of the second optical signals carries the same data as the first optical signal carries. The data communication system further comprises optical-to-electronic converters configured to convert the second optical signals into fourth electronic signals; and wave-front demultiplexers each configured to wave-front demultiplex one of the fourth electronic signals into fifth electronic signals equivalent to the first electronic signals respectively.

Abstract: A communications system comprises a ground hub in a background area, aerial vehicles flying in a formation with slowly varying spacing between the aerial vehicles, and a user terminal in a region within a foreground area. The foreground area is spatially separate from the background area. The ground hub comprises a ground-based beam forming facility (GBBF) for receiving and transforming input signals into beam-formed signals, and a first antenna system coupled to the GBBF for transmitting concurrently the beam-formed signals in a first frequency band to respective aerial vehicles via respective background links. The aerial vehicles receive respectively the beam-formed signals via the background links and transmit respectively the beam-formed signals as respective signal beams covering at least the region within the foreground area in a second frequency band. The user terminal comprises a second antenna system for receiving concurrently the signal beams via foreground links to the aerial vehicles.

Abstract: A retro-directive antenna system on a mobile airborne platform for communication with a ground hub located within a coverage area. The system comprises an antenna array, a receive beamforming network, and a diagnostic processor. The antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna elements. The receive beamforming network generates concurrently a plurality of receive beams for the respective antenna elements. The receive beams correspond to respective beam positions within the coverage area. A first beam position points to the ground hub and a corresponding receive beam receives a target signal from the ground hub. The diagnostic processor determines a best position for the first beam position based on a ranking system and controls the receive beamforming network by updating the beam positions based on the best position for the first beam position.

Abstract: Presented are methods that utilize wavefront multiplexing for enabling linearly-polarized terminals to access circularly-polarized satellite transponders. The methods disclosed herein feature (1) polarization formation capability that renders transmitted signal conditioned on circularly-polarized channels through multiple linearly-polarized feeds, and (2) polarization-conversion capability that compensate path differentials introduced by electromagnetic wave propagation channels. Data streams to be transmitted are pre-processed by a wavefront multiplexer into multiple wavefront components in linear polarization formats, where signals from respective data streams are replicated into linearly-polarized sub-channels. These replicated data streams are linked via a unique complex weighting vector (amplitude and phase or their equivalents), or “wavefront”, which are also linked by various spatially independent wavefronts.

Abstract: A system is provided that enhances the throughput and reliability of wireless communications by providing multi-beam user terminals that exhibit directional discrimination. Multiple wireless communication channels are matched with multiple beams created from an array antenna by a beam-forming processor. The multiple wireless communication channels are bonded into a single virtual channel, thereby increasing data bandwidth while reducing interference and multi-path effects that can degrade communications. The beam-forming function may be performed in a dedicated beam-forming processor or may reside within a general-purpose microprocessor located in the user terminal. In addition, a wireless communications system with access points featuring multiple beams that exhibit directional discrimination that can concurrently support multiple users with multi-beam terminals via a common frequency channel.

Abstract: An advanced digital beam forming technique is achieved that is capable of simultaneously forming multiple beams and attenuating the cross-pol component at multiple locations. The proposed invention, comprising a series of signal inputs, optimization loops and weighting processes, successfully eliminates the side effect of an increase of the cross-pol in the process of beam-forming, thus reducing potential interference. This technique utilizes the orthogonally polarized signal component which is already available and can minimize both the horizontally polarized and vertically polarized cross-pol at the same time. The complexity of computation can be reduced by using only part of the orthogonal polarized components in the optimization.

Abstract: A communication system includes a transmitter segment at a source location inputting a plurality of input signals to be transmitted. The input signals are transformed to wavefront multiplexed signals (WFM signals), and the WFM signals are modulated into WFM waveforms. The WFM waveforms are transmitted through a segment of propagation to a receiver segment; wherein the segment of propagation includes a plurality of UAV based transmission channels among the WFM waveforms; wherein the WFM waveforms are transmitted over the transmission channels; wherein the receiver segment receives the WFM waveforms from the transmission channels. Demodulation is performed on the received WFM waveforms to convert the received WFM waveforms to received WFM signals individually. A wavefront de-multiplexing transform is performed on the received WFM signals to recover individual desired signals.

Abstract: Aircrafts or unmanned air vehicles flying near Earth are used as airborne communications towers or relays. Using techniques of ground based beam forming and wavefront multiplexing enhance the ability to coherently combine the power of the communication signals, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: Aircrafts flying near Earth or naval vessels are used as communications towers or relays. Using techniques of ground based beam forming and wavefront multiplexing enhance the ability to coherently combine the power of the communication signals, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. When multiple antennas or signal sources exist, a ranking system is employed to optimize performance.

Abstract: The invention is about a method and apparatus for grouping multiple satellite transponders with both (LP) polarization formats in different frequencies through Wave-Front (WF) Multiplexing (muxing) techniques for ground terminals with incompatible (CP) polarization formats. As a result of this invention, linear polarized (LP) transponders can be accessed and efficiently utilized by circularly polarized (CP) ground terminals and vice versa. This invention consists of conventional ground terminals, a unique organization of space assets, and a unique polarization alignment processor. The applications of wavefront multiplexing techniques to satellite communications offer many potential advantages, including improved flexibility and utility efficiency of existing space assets. Our proposed “Polarization Utility Waveforms” is an entirely new concept in VSAT and Earth Station Antenna diversity.