Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for treating or preventing microbial infection caused by parasites or bacteria, such as Plasmodium falciparum or related Plasmodium parasite species and Mycobacterium tuberculosis or related Mycobacterium bacteria species. The compounds are ?,?-unsaturated analogs of fosmidomycin and can inhibit deoxyxylulose phosphate reductoisomerase (Dxr) in many microbes, such as P. falciparum.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure provides compounds of the formula (I): In other aspects, the present disclosure provides compositions and methods of targeting GPER for the treatment of cancers, such as breast cancers and leukemias, gallstone disease, cardiovascular disease, and for conferring of neuroprotection on a subject. Also disclosed are high throughput assays for identifying antagonists of GPER.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for multiplexed sample analysis by mass spectrometry. The methods may be performed without the need for chemical tagging. The methods also may include the analogous use of frequency modulation to multiplex mass spectrometric analysis, which may be referred to as frequency-modulated continuous flow analysis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (FM-CFA-ESI-MS).

Abstract: A clamp for clamping a brain electrode extending through a burr hole formed in a skull of a patient. The clamp includes a first retainer element having a flange extending around an outer end for engaging an outer table of the skull and a jaw extending across the inner end. The clamp includes a second retainer element shaped complementarily to the first retainer element. The second retainer element has a flange extending around an outer end for engaging the outer table of the skull and a jaw extending across the inner end for cooperating with the jaw of the first retainer to clamp the electrode. The clamp has a cap for maintaining the jaws of the first and second retainer elements in cooperation to clamp the electrode adjacent an inner table of the skull. The cap includes an opening for receiving the electrode to hold the electrode against movement.

Abstract: An input device for use in controlling medical equipment controlled by a mouse. The device includes an elastic finger cot having an interior sized and shaped for selectively receiving and retaining a user's finger. The device has a light emitting diode for emitting a beam of light to illuminate a selected surface and a light sensor for sensing a light reflected from the selected surface to detect movement of the sensor and finger cot relative to the surface and producing a signal corresponding to the detected movement. The device includes a transmitter for receiving the signal from the light sensor corresponding to the detected movement and generating an electromagnetic signal corresponding to the light sensor signal for receipt by the medical equipment. A power supply connected to the diode, the sensor, and the transmitter provides power. The medical equipment views the input device as the mouse controlling the medical equipment.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved biofuel cell having a cathode comprising a dual function membrane, which contains an oxygen oxidoreductase enzyme immobilized within a buffered compartment of the membrane and an electron transport mediator which transfers electrons from an electron conducting electrode to the redox reaction catalyzed by the oxygen oxidoreductase enzyme. The improved biofuel cell also has an anode that contains an oxidoreductase enzyme that uses an organic fuel, such as alcohol, as a substrate. An electric current can flow between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A surgical distractor for distracting tissue of a patient to access structure underlying the tissue of the patient. The distractor includes a tube having a distal end adapted for insertion in tissue, a proximal end opposite the distal end, an exterior surface adapted for contacting the tissue, and an interior surface opposite the exterior surface defining a hollow interior extending between the distal end and the proximal end for accessing structure underlying the tissue when the distal end is inserted in the tissue. The distractor is adjustable from a reduced configuration, in which the tube has a reduced width sized for inserting the distal end in the tissue, and an expanded configuration, in which the tube has an expanded width greater than the reduced width sized to provide the hollow interior with a size sufficient for accessing the structure underlying the tissue.

Abstract: A system used by a local health care facility to communicate with a remote health care facility via a data communication network. A controller at the local health care facility controls communication on the data communication network, including data communicated between the local health care facility and the remote health care facility. One or more devices located at the local health care facility transmit data to the remote health care facility via the data communication network. Additionally, the one or more devices receive control data via the data communication network and perform one or more functions in response to the received control data.

Abstract: Devices having the capability to both locate and retrieve objects are disclosed. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to devices having a probe comprising an ultrasound detector for locating and a grasper for retrieving objects from a medium. The present disclosure further relates to devices having a probe comprising an electromagnetic detector for locating and a grasper for retrieving metallic objects from a medium. Devices of the present disclosure are specifically adapted for use as medical devices for locating and retrieving a foreign body in a subject in need.

Abstract: Bioanodes, biocathodes, and biofuel cells comprising an electron conductor, at least one anode enzyme or cathode enzyme, and an enzyme immobilization material. The anode enzyme is capable of reacting with a fuel fluid to produce an oxidized form of the fuel fluid, and capable of releasing electrons to the electron conductor. The cathode enzyme is capable of reacting with an oxidant to produce water, and capable of gaining electrons from the electron conductor. The enzyme immobilization material for both the anode enzyme and the cathode enzyme is capable of immobilizing and stabilizing the enzyme, and is permeable to the fuel fluid and/or the oxidant.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a computer-implemented method for predicting a response of a virus to antiviral therapy, and finds particular use in predicting a response of a Hepatitis C or Hepatitis B virus isolated from a patient.

Abstract: A surgical distractor for distracting tissue of a patient to access structure underlying the tissue of the patient. The distractor includes a tube having a distal end adapted for insertion in tissue, a proximal end opposite the distal end, an exterior surface adapted for contacting the tissue, and an interior surface opposite the exterior surface defining a hollow interior extending between the distal end and the proximal end for accessing structure underlying the tissue when the distal end is inserted in the tissue. The distractor is adjustable from a reduced configuration, in which the tube has a reduced width sized for inserting the distal end in the tissue, and an expanded configuration, in which the tube has an expanded width greater than the reduced width sized to provide the hollow interior with a size sufficient for accessing the structure underlying the tissue.

Abstract: Bioanodes, biocathodes, and biofuel cells comprising an electron conductor, at least one anode enzyme or cathode enzyme, and an enzyme immobilization material. The anode enzyme is capable of reacting with a fuel fluid to produce an oxidized form of the fuel fluid, and capable of releasing electrons to the electron conductor. The cathode enzyme is capable of reacting with an oxidant to produce water, and capable of gaining electrons from the electron conductor. The enzyme immobilization material for both the anode enzyme and the cathode enzyme is capable of immobilizing and stabilizing the enzyme, and is permeable to the fuel fluid and/or the oxidant.

Abstract: There are disclosed agents that inhibit Blood Brain Barrier Proteins (BBBP). Such agents are useful in controlling agents entering and exiting the CNS. This allows for drugs to be more effective and/or allowing side effects of the drugs to be lowered.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods useful in the regulation of cell proliferation. The invention provides TGF-? (transforming growth factor ?) and IGFBP-3 (insulin like growth factor binding protein 3) as ligands that engage LRP (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein), heretofore known as T?R-V (TGF-? receptor V) and IGFBP-3 receptor, to effect a change in the phosphorylation and activation status of IRS (insulin receptor substrate) proteins. Compositions comprising TGF-? or IGFBP-3 and LRP or IRS protein are useful in the inhibition of cell proliferation and in the treatment of various diseases associated with unregulated cell proliferation.

Abstract: This invention is drawn to methods of using peptide-based antagonists of TGF-beta to facilitate the healing of cutaneous wounds that includes burns, lacerations and scrapes. The administration of peptide TGF-beta antagonists to wounds results in reduced scarring, wound contraction and deposition of extracellular matrix components, and increased rates of re-epithelialization during wound healing.

Abstract: Microfluidic biofuel cells comprising a bioanode and/or a biocathode are formed using microfluidic principles and soft lithography. The enzymes utilized in the redox reactions at the bioanode and/or the biocathode are stabilized in a micellar or inverted micellar structure. The biofuel cell is used to produce high power densities.

Abstract: Disclosed are bioanodes comprising a quaternary ammonium treated Nafion® polymer membrane and a dehydrogenase incorporated within the treated Nafion® polymer. The dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of an organic fuel and reduces an adenine dinucleotide. The ion conducting polymer membrane lies juxtaposed to a polymethylene green redox polymer membrane, which serves to electro-oxidize the reduced adenine dinucleotide. The bioanode is used in a fuel cell to produce high power densities.

Abstract: Bioanodes, biocathodes, and biofuel cells comprising an electron conductor, at least one anode enzyme A) or cathode enzyme, and an enzyme immobilization material. The anode enzyme is capable of reacting with a fuel fluid to produce an oxidized form of the fuel fluid, and capable of releasing electrons to the electron conductor. The cathode enzyme is capable of reacting with an oxidant to produce water, and capable of gaining electrons from the electron conductor. The enzyme immobilization material for both the anode enzyme and the cathode enzyme is capable of immobilizing and stabilizing the enzyme, and is permeable to the fuel fluid and/or the oxidant.

Abstract: The present application provides methods and compositions for improving cognitive function and enhancing mental performance in subjects, including those suffering from memory deficiencies, by regulating the activity of beta amyloid (A?) in the brain of such subjects.