Patents Assigned to Standard Oil Company
-
Patent number: 5536693Abstract: A process of producing a fluid bed oxacylation catalyst for olefins and diolefins having the following formula Pd-M-A whereM=Au, Cd, Bi, Cu, Mn, Fe, Co, Ce, U and mixtures thereof,A=an alkali metal or mixture thereof, andM is present in the range of from 0 to 5 wt %, comprising milling a fixed bed oxacylation catalyst precursor comprising Pd-M on a fixed support with a fluid bed catalyst aqueous binder material to form a uniform aqueous slurry, drying the aqueous slurry to remove the water to form microspheroidal particles of solid fluid bed catalyst precursor, impregnating the microspheroidal particles with a solution of alkali metal salt to form the fluid bed catalyst. The catalyst is particularly useful in the manufacture of vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1994Date of Patent: July 16, 1996Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Michael F. Lemanski, Christos Paparizos, Patricia R. Blum, Larry M. Cirjak, Marc A. Pepera
-
Patent number: 5498588Abstract: The process of manufacturing a catalyst having the following empirical formula:VSb.sub.m A.sub.a D.sub.d O.sub.xwhere A is one or more of Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr, Ga, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B and Mn,D is one or more of Li, Ag, Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, (VO).sup.2+, (PW.sub.12 O.sub.40).sup.3- and (PMo.sub.12 O.sub.40).sup.3-m is from about 0.5 to 10a is 0.01 to 10d is 0.0001 to 2.0, preferably 0.0001 to 0.1;x=number of oxygen ions necessary to satisfy the valency requirementcomprising forming a catalyst precursor having the formula VSbmAaOx wherein m, A, a and x are defined above, adding at least one D element to the surface of said catalyst precursor and calcining the surface modified catalyst precursor to produce said catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1994Date of Patent: March 12, 1996Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: James F. Brazdil, Fernando A. P. Cavalcanti
-
Patent number: 5486409Abstract: Disclosed are non-woven fabrics made from fibers formed from melt-processable and stable addition copolymers containing 30 to 90 weight percent acrylonitrile moiety and up to 70 weight percent methacrylonitrile moiety and optionally less than 20 weight percent moieties of other comonomers.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 1994Date of Patent: January 23, 1996Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Benedict S. Curatolo, George S. Li, Brandford E. Giddings
-
Patent number: 5474097Abstract: A pipe and tube cleaning system, particularly useful for cleaning scale from pipes and tubes used in oil and gas production operations and containing naturally occurring radioactive materials in the scale, includes an elongated closable tub for supporting a section of pipe or tube for combined hydraulic jet blast and mechanical cutting and cleaning action by a lance insertable within the pipe to remove scale from the interior of the pipe. A slurry of particulate material removed from the pipe and the cleaning liquid (water) is collected in the tub and discharged to a particle size reduction and filtering system which reduces the particle size of the material to form a slurry of very fine particles which may be disposed of through an injection well. Some of the slurry may be returned to the system for use as cleaning liquid. Pipe is loaded into and removed from the tub by a pipe handling mechanism including retractable supports with ramp surfaces which position the pipe for movement into and out of the tub.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 1993Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignees: Atlantic Richfield Company, The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: David J. Lowe, Alan McArthur, Mark A. Major
-
Patent number: 5474960Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements of fluid bed catalysts. More particularly, the present invention relates to improvements of fluid bed oxidation catalysts useful in the preparation of maleic anhydride from C.sub.4 hydrocarbons, including n-butane. The present invention includes a process of contacting a fluid bed catalyst with a reactivating agent in a catalyst standpipe. The present invention also provides a catalyst containing the mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus, treated using the above process. The present invention further provides a process for producing maleic anhydride, utilizing the catalyst prepared using the above process. The present invention additionally provides for a reactor standpipe, utilized for regenerating catalyst according to the above process.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1994Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Noel J. Bremer, Louis R. Trott, David R. Woodbury
-
Patent number: 5466857Abstract: A process for the reduction in the amount of waste material generated during the manufacture of acrylonitrile comprising introducing an additional amount of oxygen containing gas, preferably air, in the substantial absence of any oxygenate compounds, into the upper portion of the fluid bed reactor to react with at least some of the unreacted ammonia to reduce the amount of unreacted ammonia present in the reactor effluent.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1994Date of Patent: November 14, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Vincent G. Reiling, Jeffrey E. Rinker, Timothy R. McDonel, Joseph C. Sarna
-
Patent number: 5457223Abstract: A process for the substantial or complete elimination of ammonium sulfate generated during the production of acrylonitrile by the direct ammoxidation of propylene/propane, ammonia and an oxygen containing gas (e.g. air) over a fluid bed catalyst wherein the improvement comprises introducing methanol into said reactor in the upper portion of the reactor at a location where the methanol reacts with at least a portion if not substantially all of the excess ammonia without affecting the acrylonitrile yield. Preferably, methanol is introduced into the reactor at below its coking temperature. In particular, when an oxygen lean fluid bed catalyst is utilized, an additional oxygen containing gas is introduced into the reaction at a distance between about 8 to 14 inches from the methanol feed location.Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 1993Date of Patent: October 10, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Wilfrid G. Shaw, Kenneth L. Bigler, Louis R. Trott, Steve J. Miko, Vincent G. Reiling, Michael J. Seely, Dev D. Suresh, Maria S. Friedrich, Paul E. Bott, Edward J. Sockell, Albert R. Shuki, Jr., Kenneth P. Keckler, Frank J. Kocjancic, Steven J. Rowe
-
Patent number: 5449808Abstract: A process which comprises contacting and catalytically reacting under essentially anhydrous conditions in the liquid phase an amide with a nitrile according to the equation:RCONH.sub.2 +R.sup.1 CN.revreaction.RCN+R.sup.1 CONH.sub.2where R and R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1994Date of Patent: September 12, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Marco Pagnotta, Mark C. Cesa, Sandra L. Denman, Robert D. Boyer, Jr.
-
Patent number: 5440068Abstract: This invention relates to acetonitrile purification via an adsorption-based process. The process comprises pretreating the acetonitrile containing organic impurities such as unsaturated nitriles with a solid reagent to selectively convert the unsaturated nitriles into products more easily removed and passing the treated acetonitrile through a series of adsorbent beds to remove the resulting products and other impurities present from the acetonitrile.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1993Date of Patent: August 8, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Marc W. Blackman, Mark C. Cesa, Thomas G. Attig
-
Patent number: 5432141Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing an attrition resistant vanadium-antimony oxide catalyst by adding to a vanadium-antimony oxide catalyst slurry a lithium compound which upon contact with the aqueous catalyst slurry provides hydroxide, such as lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate. The process comprises the steps of preparing a catalyst slurry comprising vanadium oxide and antimony oxide, adding the lithium compound to the catalyst slurry, concentrating the catalyst slurry to increase the solids content of the slurry, and drying the catalyst slurry to form attrition resistant particles of catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 1994Date of Patent: July 11, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: James F. Brazdil, Jr., Joseph P. Bartek
-
Patent number: 5385982Abstract: Refrigerator and freezer liners are molded from rubber modified graft copolymers of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate. These polymers comprise 14 to 30 percent by weight of a butadiene-acrylonitrile elastomer rubber. Further these polymers show excellent impact strength at low temperatures and are resistant to solvents used as blowing agents for refrigerator and freezer insulation.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1994Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventor: Joseph P. McCaul
-
Patent number: 5334751Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making ethyl acetate which comprises reacting in a reaction zone ethyanol and molecular oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst containing the elements and proportions indicated by the empirical formulaPd.sub.a M.sub.b TiP.sub.c O.sub.x (formula 1)where M is selected from Cd, Au, Zn, Tl, alkali metals and alkalineearth metals,a is from 0.0005 to 0.2b is from zero to 3ac is 0.5 to 2.5, andx is a value sufficient to satisfy the valence requirements ofthe other elements present, andwherein said catalyst contains crystalline TiP.sub.2 O.sub.7.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1992Date of Patent: August 2, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Michael F. Lemanski, Joseph B. Hazen, Patricia R. Blum
-
Patent number: 5326886Abstract: Catalysts comprising a compound of vanadium, phosphorus and oxygen which are employed in the oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride are protected from contamination caused by side reactions which occur between the catalyst and steel process equipment by covering the process equipment surfaces which contact the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a coating comprising aluminum oxide.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1991Date of Patent: July 5, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventor: John T. Shultz
-
Patent number: 5318697Abstract: This invention relates to a process for upgrading a hydrocarbonaceous material to a product having a lower boiling point than the initial boiling point of said hydrocarbonaceous material and/or a higher boiling point than the final boiling point of said hydrocarbonaceous material, the process comprising heating a feed composition comprising said hydrocarbonaceous material in an enclosed space in the absence of externally supplied water or hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 750.degree. F. to about 1300.degree. F. and a pressure sufficient to maintain the specific gravity of the contents of said enclosed space in the range of about 0.05 to about 1.5 for an effective period of time to yield said product, said feed composition being characterized by the absence of aromatic compounds with boiling points at atmospheric pressure below about 350.degree. F.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1992Date of Patent: June 7, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Paspek, Jeffrey B. Hauser, Christopher P. Eppig, Harry A. Adams
-
Patent number: 5316655Abstract: A process for making a light hydrocarbonaceous liquid in a delayed coker comprising:(A) providing a hydrocarbonaceous feed to the coke drum and heating the feed to a temperature of about 800.degree. F. to about 1200.degree. F. to provide an intermediate product; and(B) introducing said intermediate product into the coke drum, operating the coke drum to convert the intermediate product to a final comprising light liquid and coke, and separating the light liquid from the coke;step (A) being conducted in combination with either step (A) (i) or step (A) (ii);Step (A) (i) comprising maintaining the feed during step (A) in an enclosed space and subjecting the feed to a pressure that is at least about 500 psig and is sufficient to maintain the specific gravity of the contents of the enclosed space at least about 0.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1991Date of Patent: May 31, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Stephen C. Paspek, Christopher P. Eppig, Jeffrey B. Hauser, Carl Polisena
-
Patent number: 5306411Abstract: Solid membranes comprising an intimate, gas-impervious, multi-phase mixture of an electronically-conductive material and an oxygen ion-conductive material and/or a mixed metal oxide of a perovskite structure are described. Electrochemical reactor components, such as reactor cells, and electrochemical reactors are also described for transporting oxygen from any oxygen-containing gas to any gas or mixture of gases that consume oxygen. The reactor cells generally comprise first and second zones separated by an element having a first surface capable of reducing oxygen to oxygen ions, a second surface capable of reacting oxygen ions with an oxygen-consuming gas, an electron-conductive path between the first and second surfaces and an oxygen ion-conductive path between the first and second surfaces. The element may further comprise (1) a porous substrate, (2) an electron-conductive metal, metal oxide or mixture thereof and/or (3) a catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1990Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Terry J. Mazanec, Thomas L. Cable, John G. Frye, Jr., Wayne R. Kliewer
-
Patent number: 5306858Abstract: Disclosed is a process for oxidizing a paraffin hydrocarbon containing 2 to 5 carbon atoms and no quaternary carbon atom to an olefin having the same number of carbon atoms as said paraffin by contacting said paraffin in a reaction zone with molecular oxygen and a VAPO-5 microporous molecular sieve as catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1992Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: George F. Salem, Charles J. Besecker, Susan M. Kenzig, Walter J. Kowlaski, Larry M. Cirjak
-
Patent number: 5304678Abstract: Disclosed is making acetic acid by reacting in a reaction zone ethylene and molecular oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst containing the elements and proportions indicated by the empirical formulaPd.sub.a M.sub.b TiP.sub.c O.sub.x (formula 1)whereM is selected from Cd, Au, Zn, Tl, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals,a is from 0.0005 to 0.2b is from zero to 3ac is 0.5 to 2.5, andx is a value sufficient to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present, andwherein such catalyst contains crystalline TiP.sub.2 O.sub.7.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1990Date of Patent: April 19, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Michael F. Lemanski, Joseph B. Hazen, Patricia R. Blum
-
Patent number: 5300684Abstract: Disclosed is a process for oxidizing ethane to acetic acid which comprises feeding ethane and a recycle gas to a fluidized bed reaction zone containing fluidized particulate solid oxidation catalyst, feeding a molecular oxygen-containing gas separately from said ethane to said reaction zone so that said molecular oxygen-containing gas first mixes with the major portion of the combustible hydrocarbon feed gases within the fluidized bed, said process including the steps of (1) cooling the gaseous effluent from the reaction zone, (2) separating most of the acetic acid in liquid form from the effluent gases, leaving a gaseous stream containing nearly all of the carbon oxides contained in said effluent, (3) purging a small portion of said gaseous stream and recycling most of said gaseous stream as part of the feed to said reaction zone,wherein said purging serves to prevent build-up of carbon oxides in the reaction zone, and said recycling serves to maintain a high proportion of carbon oxides in said reaction zoneType: GrantFiled: December 9, 1991Date of Patent: April 5, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Nancy C. Benkalowycz, Patricia R. Blum, David R. Wagner
-
Patent number: 5288473Abstract: A process for the substantial or complete elimination of ammonium sulfate generated during the production of acrylonitrile by the direct ammoxidation of propylene/propane, ammonia and an oxygen containing gas (e.g. air) over a fluid bed catalyst wherein the improvement comprises introducing an organic compound(s) into said reactor at a location where the compound(s) reacts with substantially all of the excess ammonia without affecting the acrylonitrile yield. Preferably, the organic compound is methanol which is introduced into the reactor at below its coking temperature.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 1992Date of Patent: February 22, 1994Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Wilfrid G. Shaw, Kenneth L. Bigler, Louis R. Trott, Steve J. Miko, Vincent G. Reiling, Michael J. Seely, Dev D. Suresh, Maria S. Friedrich, Paul E. Bott, Edward J. Sockell, Albert R. Shuki, Jr., Kenneth P. Keckler, Frank J. Kojancic