Abstract: To obtain a liquid crystal element having a plurality of alignment domains with a simple configuration. A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal element including: a first process that forms a first substrate having a first alignment film subjected to uniaxial alignment treatment; a second process that forms a second substrate having a second alignment film subjected to uniaxial alignment treatment; a third process that forms a liquid crystal layer between the first alignment film and the second alignment film using a liquid crystal material including a monomer which can be polymerized by light irradiation; and, of a first region and a second region adjacent to each other in the liquid crystal layer in a plane view, a fourth process that performs light irradiation with no voltage applied or with a voltage less than a threshold value applied to the first region.

Abstract: To achieve higher definition of a channel portion of an organic transistor and to reduce bulging at the edge part of the channel portion. A manufacturing method of an organic transistor includes: forming a gate electrode on a substrate surface; forming a gate insulating film on the substrate surface to cover the gate electrode; forming a drain electrode and a source electrode with a predetermined distance therebetween on the gate insulating film surface and at a position where each electrode partially overlaps with the gate electrode; forming a liquid crystal alignment film on the gate insulating film surface to cover the drain electrode and the source electrode; forming an opening part by dripping an etchant to a region of the liquid crystal alignment film that overlaps with the gate electrode in a plane view; and forming an organic semiconductor film at the opening part of the liquid crystal alignment film.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device includes a wavelength converter having a plate shape and a plurality of antennas. The wavelength converter converts a wavelength of incident light and generates wavelength-converted light and emits the wavelength-converted light. The plurality of antennas are disposed on a light-emitting surface of the wavelength converter. The plurality of antennas form an antenna array in a first region of the light-emitting surface. The respective plurality of antennas are arranged with a predetermined period in the first region. The antenna array is absent in a second region outside the first region. An optical path length from a light-receiving surface of the wavelength converter to the light-emitting surface of the incident light that reaches a light-emitting surface of the first region is longer than an optical path length from the light-receiving surface to the light-emitting surface of the incident light that reaches a light-emitting surface of the second region.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the temperature of a heater provided in a liquid crystal element is configured to apply a drive voltage which is set to a value relatively higher than when the liquid crystal element is operated at a rated voltage value and/or a rated frequency, to at least a partial region of the liquid crystal element, and detects current consumption flowing through the partial region. The apparatus variably sets a temperature control target value of the heater according to the detected magnitude of the current consumption.

Abstract: A surface emitting laser includes a gallium-nitride-based semiconductor substrate, a first multilayer reflector, a semiconductor structure layer including an active layer, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor structure layer and electrically in contact with a semiconductor layer of the semiconductor structure layer in one region of the upper surface, and a second multilayer reflector configuring a resonator between the first multilayer reflector and the second multilayer reflector. An upper surface of the semiconductor substrate is a surface offset from a c-plane to any one of crystal planes of an m-plane—or an a-plane. The one region has a shape having a longitudinal direction in an m-axis direction when the upper surface is offset to the m-plane, and a shape having a longitudinal direction in an a-axis direction when the upper surface is offset to the a-plane.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a plurality of flat lead electrodes; a frame body which covers the side portions of the plurality of lead electrodes and a separation portion between the plurality of lead electrodes and has an opening that exposes the plurality of lead electrodes; and a light-emitting element mounted on the plurality of lead electrodes exposed through the opening. The outer side surface of the frame body has recesses extending from the top surface of the frame body to the bottom surface thereof, the lead electrodes partly protruding in the recesses.

Abstract: A vehicular drawing device is installed in the vehicle and draws, using light, an indication display with a predetermined shape on a road surface in a direction of travel of the vehicle. The indication display includes a start-traveling display drawn at a time of starting traveling and a turn indication display drawn when a turn indicator switch is turned on and the direction of travel is changed. The turn indication display is drawn with priority over the start-traveling display when the turn indicator switch is on at the time of starting traveling.

Abstract: To improve pedestrian visibility. Provided is a headlight controller connectable to a first headlight and a second headlight spaced apart in a vehicle width direction at the front of the vehicle, the headlight controller including: a rainfall amount detection means installed in the vehicle; and a controller installed in the vehicle, where the controller is connected to the rainfall amount detection means, and the controller carries out control such that when rainfall amount detected by the rainfall amount detection means is equal to or more than a predetermined value, irradiation light from the first headlight becomes relatively darker than irradiation light from the second headlight.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes an element main body and a sapphire substrate 90. The element main body has an AlGaAs-based semiconductor layer 50, an n-type current diffusion layer 60, and a cap layer 70 of an InGa-based semiconductor that does not contains As as a component in a lamination direction. The amorphous layer 80 is interposed between the element main body and the sapphire substrate 90, and contains constituent elements of the cap layer 70 and the sapphire substrate 90 as components.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a substrate, a light-emitting element, and a resin material. The light-emitting element is disposed on the substrate. The resin material is made of a translucent thermosetting resin disposed at a peripheral area of the light-emitting element. The resin material has a plurality of closed spaces, and each of the plurality of closed spaces holds a resin body.

Abstract: To reduce a sense of discomfort during sequential blinking. A lighting controller for a vehicular lamp to control lighting of the vehicular lamp, where the lighting controller is configured to control so that a light emitting region of the vehicular lamp is repeatedly lighted on and off with a first luminance and where, during the time when the light emitting region is lighted on, at a partial region of the light emitting region, one or more bright spots are set with a second luminance that is higher than the first luminance to be moved within the light emitting region, or during the time when the light emitting region is lighted on, at the partial region of the light emitting region, one or more dark spots are set with a third luminance that is lower than the first luminance to be moved within the light emitting region.

Abstract: An image display system includes a projector that is mounted on a target vehicle and projects an image onto a road surface around the target vehicle, and an image controller that causes the projector to project a support image onto the road surface around the target vehicle when another vehicle traveling behind the target vehicle starts an operation of overtaking the target vehicle, and the support image includes at least one of an image showing a no-entry area which the other vehicle is prohibited from entering and an image showing a passage area through which the other vehicle is to pass during the overtaking operation.

Abstract: To accurately identify a vehicle state. An apparatus identifies a vehicle state and includes a controller connected with an angular velocity sensor and an acceleration sensor, where the controller acquires acceleration per unit time along a vehicle's longitudinal direction axis from the acceleration sensor, determines acceleration variation over a certain period of time, acquires angular velocity per unit time around vehicle's roll axis from the angular velocity sensor, determines the angular velocity variation during the certain period of time, and identifies the vehicle as a first state when the acceleration variation is greater than a first threshold value and the angular velocity variation is greater than a second threshold value, and identifies the vehicle as a second state when the acceleration variation is less than the first threshold value and the angular velocity variation is less than the second threshold value, and outputs the identified result.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal element having multiple alignment domains with a simple configuration. The liquid crystal element includes: a first and a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer inbetween the two substrates; and a seal material with an injection port; where a first and a second alignment film each has an alignment regulating force in one direction on a surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer, a polymerized monomer is present at the interface between each of the two alignment films and the liquid crystal layer; the liquid crystal layer has a first region close to the injection port and a second region far from the injection port; and the first region has a high polymer density and has a pretilt angle in a direction opposite to the alignment regulating force, and the second region has a pretilt angle in the same direction as the alignment regulating force.

Abstract: A surface emitting laser element formed of a group III nitride semiconductor, comprising: a first clad layer of a first conductivity type; a first guide layer of the first conductivity type having a photonic crystal layer formed on the first clad layer including voids disposed having two-dimensional periodicity in a surface parallel to the layer and a first embedding layer formed on the photonic crystal layer; a second embedding layer formed on the first embedding layer by crystal growth; an active layer formed on the second embedding layer; a second guide layer formed on the active layer; and a second clad layer of a second conductivity type formed on the second guide layer, the second conductivity type being a conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type. The first embedding layer has a surface including pits disposed at surface positions corresponding to the voids.

Abstract: A lamp device includes: a lamp unit; a radar unit having an antenna; and a shielding member which covers at least a part of the front surface of the radar unit where the antenna is provided and which is made of a foamed resin.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source configured to emit light, a liquid crystal element configured to variably modulate a polarization state of the light emitted from the light source, a condensing optical system configured to condense the light emitted from the light source toward the liquid crystal element, a polarization beam splitter configured to transmit light containing one of polarized components of the light condensed by the condensing optical system toward the liquid crystal element and configured to reflect light containing the other polarized component of the light condensed by the condensing optical system toward the light source, and a scattering and reflecting member disposed at a surrounding of the light source and configured to scatter and reflect the light reflected by the polarization beam splitter toward the condensing optical system.

Abstract: A light source device 10 includes a laser diode 12 configured to emit laser light LDb, a fluorescent body 18 configured to generate primary fluorescence FL1 from the laser light LDb, a notch filter 38 configured to generate secondary fluorescence FL2 from the primary fluorescence FL1, an LED 30 configured to emit LED light LEb, and a dichroic mirror 40 configured to combine the secondary fluorescence FL2 and the LED light LEb.

Abstract: In a vehicular lamp, a polarization rotation element is disposed only in an optical path of second light from a second reflector toward a PBS, first light and the second light condensed toward a liquid crystal element are condensed at a first condensing point in common, the liquid crystal element is located at the first condensing point, the second light reflected by the PBS is condensed at a second condensing point deviated from the optical path of the light from a first reflector toward the PBS and the optical path of the second light from the second reflector toward the PBS.

Abstract: A second harmonic generation element includes a substrate, a first multilayer film reflecting mirror, a second harmonic generation layer, and a second multilayer film reflecting mirror. The first multilayer film reflecting mirror is formed on the substrate. The second harmonic generation layer is disposed on the first multilayer film reflecting mirror. The second harmonic generation layer is made of a SrB4O7 crystal that receives a fundamental wave with a predetermined wavelength and emits a second harmonic wave with a wavelength in an ultraviolet region. The second multilayer film reflecting mirror is formed on the second harmonic generation layer. The second multilayer film reflecting mirror constitutes a resonator with the first multilayer film reflecting mirror.