Abstract: Metal halide perovskite crystals, composite materials that include metal halide perovskite crystals and a polymeric matrix material, devices that include metal halide perovskite crystals, and methods of forming metal halide perovskite crystals, composite materials, and devices. The devices may include optoelectronic devices, such as light-emitting diodes. The light-emitting diodes may emit red light.

Abstract: Refractory-reinforced multiphase high entropy alloys (RHEAs) advantageously providing high strength and fracture toughness in an as-AM deposited condition and other conditions are described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods for encoding, decoding, and matching patterns in collections of signals. These methods use weighting functions to scale the signals. This scaling enables the use of signals of arbitrary duration, wherein the signals may include discrete sequences and spike trains. In the most general case, the signals can be represented using functionals, which extends the expressive power of the methods. Further disclosed herein are embodiments of a system that performs these methods.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present systems and methods may provide improved capability to predict the risk of recurrence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) conditions using whole slide image analysis based on machine learning techniques. For example, in an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for determining treatment of a patient may comprise receiving an image of living tissue of a patient, annotating the entire image into tissue structures, extracting texture features from the annotated image, determining a distribution of the extracted texture features relative to tissue conditions, classifying the patient into a risk group based on the distribution, and treating the patient accordingly based on the risk group.

Abstract: A technique, and its applications, for high resolution, rapid, and simple nanopatterning. The general method has been demonstrated in several forms and applications. One is patterning nanophotonic structures at an optical fiber tip for refractive index sensing. Another is patterning nanoresonator structures on a sensor substrate for plasmonic effect related detection of VOCs. In the latter example, a graphene oxide coated plasmonic crystal as a gas sensor capable of identifying different gas species using an array of such structures. By coating the surface of multiple identical plasmonic crystals with different thicknesses of Graphene-Oxide (GO) layer, the effective refractive index of the GO layer on each plasmonic crystal is differently modulated when exposed to a specific gas. Identification of various gas species is accomplished using pattern recognition algorithm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for removing trichloroethane (TCA), trichloroethene (TCE), and 1,4-dioxane (1,4-D) from contaminated liquids. The system and methods rely on catalyst reduction of TCA and TCE, where the reduced products are then degraded by microorganisms The system comprises a first reactor comprising a catalyst film of precious metal nanoparticles deposited on a first nonporous membrane and a second reactor comprising a biofilm of microorganisms that are capable of degrading ethane and 1,4-D deposited on a second nonporous membrane. The first reactor further comprises a hydrogen gas source, wherein the hydrogen gas source delivers hydrogen to the gas-phase side of the first nonporous membrane, and the catalyst film is deposited on the liquid-phase side. The second reactor further comprises an oxygen gas source, wherein the oxygen gas source delivers oxygen to the gas-phase side of the second non-porous membrane, and the biofilm is deposited on the liquid-phase side.

Abstract: A magnetocaloric material comprising a La—Fe—Si based alloy composition that is compositionally modified to include a small but effective amount of at least one of Al, Ga, and In to improve mechanical stability of the alloy (substantially reduce alloy brittleness), improve thermal conductivity, and preserve comparable or provide improved magnetocaloric effects. The alloy composition may be further modified by inclusion of at least one of Co, Mn, Cr, and V as well as interstitial hydrogen.

Abstract: A cathode is provided for electrolysis of water wherein the cathode material comprises a multi-principal element, transition metal dichalcogenide material that has four or more chemical elements and that is a single phase, solid solution. The pristine cathode material does not contain platinum as a principal (major) component. However, a cathode comprising a transition metal dichalcogenide having platinum (Pt) nanosized islands or precipitates disposed thereon is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions comprising at least one niclosamide compound, such as niclosamide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one permeability enhancer, such as glycerol or dimethylpalmityl-ammonio propanesulfonate (PPS), and their use of such compositions as niclosamide agents. Advantageously, the niclosamide compound is capable of being transported across a Caco-2 cell membrane by at least 150% relative to the amount capable of being transported across the Caco-2 cell membrane in the absence of the permeability enhancer. Compositions, including oral dosage forms, and methods for delivering niclosamide compounds, such as for treatment or prevention of human coronavirus infections, are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a thin-film photovoltaic technology including a single-junction crystalline silicon solar cell with a photonic-plasmonic back-reflector structure for lightweight, flexible energy conversion applications. The back-reflector enables high absorption for long-wavelength and near-infrared photons via diffraction and light-concentration, implemented by periodic texturing of the bottom-contact layer by nanoimprint lithography. The thin-film crystalline silicon solar cell is implemented in a heterojunction design with amorphous silicon, where plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is used for all device layers, including a low-temperature crystalline silicon deposition step. Excimer laser crystallization is used to integrate crystalline and amorphous silicon within a monolithic process, where a thin layer of amorphous silicon is converted to a crystalline silicon seed layer prior to deposition of a crystalline silicon absorber layer via PECVD.

Abstract: Example coil guns and methods of using coil guns are described herein. An example coil gun includes a first pancake module; a second pancake module, where the first pancake module and the second pancake module are each formed of a winding with an inner superconducting material layer and an outer ordinary conductor layer, where the first pancake module and the second pancake module are physically and/or inductively coupled to propagate a quench of a superconducting state of the first pancake module to the second pancake module.

Abstract: Methods of scintillation, scintillation devices, and metal halide hybrids that may be used as X-ray scintillators. The metal halide hybrids may include organic metal halide hybrids, inorganic metal halide hybrids, or organic-inorganic metal halide hybrids. The metal halide hybrids may have a 0D structure. The metal halide hybrids may be in the form of one or more discrete crystals.

Abstract: The elastocaloric effect underpins a promising solid-state heat pumping technology that, when adopted for commercial and residential applications, can revolutionize the cooling and heating industry due to low environmental impact and substantial energy savings. Known operational demonstration devices based on the elastocaloric effect suffer from low endurance of materials and, in most experimental systems, from large footprints due to bulky actuators required to provide sufficient forces and displacements. We demonstrate a new approach which has the potential to enable a more effective exploitation of the elastocaloric effect by reducing the forces required for actuation. Thin strips of NiTi were incorporated into composite structures with base polymer, such that bending the structures results in either exclusively compression or exclusively tension applied to the elastocaloric strips.

Abstract: A variety of applications can include wireless power and voltage regulation for wireless power transfer systems. A receiver can receive power wirelessly from a transmitter to provide an output voltage. The receiver can regulate the output voltage with respect to a window defining an upper threshold and a lower threshold and can generate a first signal in response to the output voltage exceeding the upper threshold voltage and a second signal in response to the output voltage reducing below the lower threshold voltage. The receiver can change its input impedance and control reception of the power in response to the first and second signals. A transmitter can sense current in the power transistors or the coil of the transmitter in response to the change of input impedance of the receiver. The sensed current can be used to modify the current to the output of the transmitter to adjust the transmitted power.

Abstract: The present invention provides new compounds and compositions thereof that release carbon monoxide for the treatment of medical disorders that are responsive to carbon monoxide, for example, inflammatory, pain, and dermatological disorders.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of probiotic selection and use based on the capability of microbial biogenic amine uptake as a method for targeted clinical and veterinary applications, including promoting health and well-being and/or treating therapeutic conditions. The present invention utilizes a microbially-focused approach for the development of drug selection and/or probiotic administration in a variety of diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are immunogenic and/or vaccine compositions and methods for treating or preventing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The compositions and methods include an immunogenic portion of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2-2 (COVID-19) spike protein. In at least particular cases, a mutated version of a portion of the RBD is utilized, such as a deglycosylated, or amino acid substituted mutant of the spike protein.

Abstract: An exemplary system and method facilitate the identify and/or extract content hiding software, e.g., in a software curation environment (e.g., Apple's App Store). In some embodiments, the exemplary system and method may be applied to U.S.-based platforms as well as international platforms in Russia, India, China, among others.

Abstract: A method for using time-series data to predict remaining useful life of industrial equipment in cases where limited time-series training data is available is described. The method includes steps of monitoring the industrial equipment to sense historical time-series data associated with the industrial equipment using at least one sensor, storing the historical time-series data from the at least one sensor, accessing the historical time-series data and pre-processing the historical time-series data to extract higher-level features associated with the remaining useful life of the industrial equipment, and applying a jointly trained health predictor to the higher-level features using a computing device by executing a set of instructions from a non-transitory machine readable memory using a processor of the computing device to determine a prediction for the remaining useful life of the industrial equipment.