Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining an auditory pattern associated with an audio segment. An average intensity at each of a first plurality of detector locations on an auditory scale based at least in part on a first plurality of frequency components that describe a signal is determined. A plurality of tonal bands in the audio segment, wherein each tonal band comprises a particular range of detector locations of the first plurality of detector locations is determined. Corresponding strongest frequency components in the tonal bands are determined. A plurality of non-tonal bands is determined, and each non-tonal band is subdivided into multiple sub-bands. Corresponding combined frequency components that are representative of a combined sum of intensities of the first plurality of frequency components that is in a corresponding sub-band are determined. An auditory based on the corresponding strongest frequency components and the corresponding combined frequency components is determined.

Abstract: Controller scaling and parameterization are described. Techniques that can be improved by employing the scaling and parameterization include, but are not limited to, controller design, tuning and optimization. The scaling and parameterization methods described here apply to transfer function based controllers, including PID controllers. The parameterization methods also applies to state feedback and state observer based controllers, as well as linear active disturbance rejection controllers. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the application. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alternative strategy for expressing the antisense sequence of a miRNA. This system allows for continuous production of the antisense sequence and subsequently complete knockdown of the targeted miRNA.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods and compositions for the diagnosis and treatment of solid cancers. The invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors of tumorigenesis.

Abstract: A method of electrophoretic movement of particles through a liquid crystal utilizes a direct (DC) or alternating (AC) electric field that is applied along the liquid crystal director (for liquid crystals with a positive dielectric anisotropy) or perpendicular to the director (for liquid crystals with a negative dielectric anisotropy). A perpendicular or tilted orientation of the liquid crystal molecules at the surface of the particle causes distortions, such that the fore-aft (or left-right) symmetry of the particle is broken. The asymmetric orientation of the liquid crystal around the particle allows both charged and neutral particles to be transported, even when the particles themselves are perfectly symmetric (spherical).

Abstract: A method is provided for determining specifications that meet electronic system or integrated circuit product requirements at all stages of the product lifecycle. Early in the product lifecycle design features must be specified. Later in the lifecycle datasheet specifications must be determined and published to customers, and test specifications in manufacturing must be determined. The method includes acquiring data from a test vehicle, fitting the data to a copula-based statistical model using an appropriately programmed computer, and using the statistical model to compute producer- and customer-oriented figures of merit of a product, different from the test vehicle, using the appropriately programmed computer. Different size, fault tolerance schemes, test coverage, end-use (datasheet), and test condition specifications of the product may be modeled. The statistical model is a copula-based and so can take into account dependency among attributes of the product.

Abstract: Systems and methods for forecasting wind farm power generation are disclosed. Via use of a support vector machine (SVM) enhanced Markov model, short-term wind power generation forecasts may be generated. Exemplary approaches accurately account for wind ramp-up and ramp-down, as well as diurnal non-stationarity and seasonality of wind power generation. Via use of the disclosed forecasting approaches, utilities and grid managers can make improved decisions relating to electrical power generation and transmission, thus reducing costs and reducing pollution.

Abstract: A facile method to produce covalently bonded graphene coating on various solid substrates is disclosed in the present invention. According to one embodiment, a combination of graphite, graphene oxide or graphene and silicon compound with or without a metal containing compound in an air free environment is processed at high temperatures to produce covalent carbide bonding among graphene layers and between graphene and substrate surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of inhibiting the growth of or promoting differentiation and destruction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprising contacting the cancer stem cells with a compound having the structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for selecting lactic acid bacterial strains effective for preventing bone loss in humans and strains that have been selected according to the presented method. The selection method is based on the strain's capability of reestablishing an altered microbial community to normal and/or harboring at least one of four specific SNPs.

Abstract: A method of determining change in a state of an object using images of the object, the method including providing a first image and a second image of the object, the first image and the second image being spaced apart in time, performing a plurality of pixel-based change detection algorithms to obtain a plurality of output difference products/images containing change information and pseudo change information, combining the plurality of output difference products to form a hybrid output difference product, and thresholding the output difference product to detect changes in the object.

Abstract: The present invention provides the amino acid and polynucleotide sequences of the transcobalamin receptor, as well as modulators of the transcobalamin receptor. Accordingly, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders associated with cobalamin deficiency, including compositions and methods that promote cobalamin uptake. In addition, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the detection, treatment, and prevention of diseases associated with deregulated cell growth, including, e.g., cancer and autoimmune disorders, including compositions and methods that inhibit cobalamin uptake.

Abstract: In various embodiments, provided are implantable devices for replacing all or a portion of a metatarsophalangeal joint, comprising (i) a metatarsal component comprising a substantially convex bearing surface; or (ii) a phalanx component comprising a substantially concave bearing surface; or (iii) both. In various embodiments, also provided are methods of treating hallux valgus by replacing all or a portion of a metatarsophalangeal joint with one or more of the provided implantable devices.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a distributed, fault-tolerant security system that enables the secure storage and distribution of private keys. In one implementation, the security system includes a plurality of computing resources that independently store private keys provided by publishers and encrypted using a single security system public key. To protect against malicious activity, the security system private key necessary to decrypt the publication private keys is not stored at any of the computing resources. Rather portions, or shares of the security system private key are stored at each of the computing resources within the security system and multiple security systems must communicate and share partial decryptions in order to decrypt the stored private key.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing the incidence of C. jejuni bacteria infections in poultry and in humans and other animals are formulated to include C. jejuni antigens, and particularly CadF, FlpA and FlaA. The antigens may be provided in the form of polypeptides or by hosts that produce the antigens. Fibronectin binding proteins of C. jejuni may also be used to deliver substances of interest to humans and other animals.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a recombinant Edwardsiella bacterium, and compositions and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A method of (a) treating a lymphoproliferative disease in a subject in need thereof; (b) slowing the progression of lymphoproliferative disease in a subject who has been diagnosed with a lymphoproliferative disease; or (c) preventing or delaying development of a lymphoproliferative disease in a subject who is at risk of developing a lymphoproliferative disease. The method generally comprises administering to the individual an effective amount of a combination therapy comprising: i) at least one autophagy modulating agent, or a derivative, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or prodrug thereof; and ii) at least one CDK inhibitor agent, or a derivative, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or prodrug thereof, wherein the i) agent and the ii) agents are administered in amounts sufficient to enhance the cytotoxicity of the combination relative to the CDK inhibitor agent treatment alone.

Abstract: A soft tissue fixation device for use in ACL or CrCL reconstruction has a base member provided with a passageway extending perpendicularly from its top surface through its bottom surface. The passageway is sized to allow soft tissue to be inserted through the passageway. The fixation device also includes an affixing member attachable to the base member. The base member has a notched section in the top surface extending from the passageway to a first perimeter section of the base member sized to accommodate at least a portion of the graft. Either surgical grade tissue glue or at least one perpendicularly extending spike is used to secure the base member to the bone. The base member is also provided with a sleeve whose interior wall surfaces form a part of the passageway and is sized to be inserted into the bone opening. The affixing member is provided with a series of teeth members extending downward from its lower surface.

Abstract: The described invention provides self-forming compositions as positive electrode materials. The described invention further provides electrode compositions related to an electrochemical energy storage cell comprising a metal, a glass former and lithium fluoride.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, in certain instances, is a novel photovoltaic cell that uses unique micro-architectural and multi-layer functional designs. Further disclosed herein, in certain instances, is a 3-dimensional electrode. Disclosed herein, in certain instances, is a novel electroluminescent cell that uses unique micro-architectural and multi-layer functional designs. Further disclosed herein, in certain instances, is a 3-dimensional diode.