Abstract: An inline, high-shear mixer is provided in a cracked gas stream upstream of a caustic tower in an ethylene production unit. Spent caustic is withdrawn from the bottom of the caustic tower and pumped to the mixer, where the spent caustic mixes with and absorbs acid gas components from the cracked gas stream. The spent caustic is separated from the cracked gas, forming a partially treated cracked gas stream. The partially treated cracked gas stream is then fed to the caustic tower. Polymer deposition in the caustic tower is reduced because polymeric material is formed when the cracked gas stream is mixed with the spent caustic and is removed before the cracked gas stream is fed to the caustic tower.

Abstract: A process for pretreating a spent caustic stream prior to oxidation includes countercurrent multi-stage elevated temperature solvent extraction of dissolved organic material from the spent caustic using a solvent to yield a spent caustic raffinate containing only residual amounts of organic solute. The raffinate is steam distilled to remove the residual organic solutes, yielding a pretreated spent caustic stream substantially free of organic material. The pretreated spent caustic is suitable for use in a Kraft paper process or for oxidation prior to recycle or disposal. Solvent extract from the extractor is regenerated in a solvent regenerator having an overhead stream for purging light ends, a bottom stream for purging heavy ends, and a heart-cut side stream for recycling solvent to the extractor.

Abstract: A process for contemporaneously catalytically cracking a paraffin rich feedstock and a heavy feedstock wherein the feedstocks are segregated prior to catalytic cracking in separate reactors with regenerated particulate catalyst solids. The process provides for the separate optimal cracking of paraffinic constituents and heavy naphthenic constituents while maintaining an overall heat balance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for improving the contacting of feedstock and regenerated catalytic particulates in certain fluid catalytic cracking processes and apparatus.

Abstract: A novel apparatus and process for the cracking of hydrocarbons is disclosed which is particularly useful in revamping an existing FCC unit to a short residence time FCC unit.

Abstract: A catalyst cooler apparatus and process for use with a two-stage regeneration system in a fluidized catalytic cracking process having a device to remove hot catalyst from the second regeneration zone at a point above the air distribution ring under the surface of the catalyst bed equivalent to the catalyst exit to the reactor, a heat exchanger for indirect heat exchange and cooling of the catalyst and a return device for returning the cooled catalyst to the second regeneration zone at or near the bottom of the catalyst bed, beneath the air distribution ring.

Abstract: An apparatus for contemporaneously catalytically cracking a paraffin rich feedstock and a heavy feedstock wherein the feedstocks are segregated prior to catalytic cracking in separate reactors with regenerated particulate catalyst solids. The apparatus provides for the separate optimal cracking of paraffinic constituents and heavy naphthenic constituents while maintaining an overall heat balance.

Abstract: A process for contemporaneously catalytically cracking a paraffin rich feedstock and a heavy feedstock wherein the feedstocks are segregated prior to catalytic cracking in separate reactors with regenerated particulate catalyst solids. The process provides for the separate optimal cracking of paraffinic constituents and heavy naphthenic constituents while maintaining an overall heat balance.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for selectively hydrogenating acetylenes in an olefin plant process stream by selectively hydrogenating the acetylenes downstream of a front end depropanizer and upstream of further separation zones such as a demethanizer and/or de-ethanizer.

Abstract: A novel method is disclosed for the hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock wherein the feed is partially hydroconverted and demetalized in the presence of a catalytic additive and then the hydroconversion is completed in an ebullent bed reactor system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of olefins from light paraffins. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for the production of olefins from ethane, propane, butane, isobutane, pentane and isopentane, preferably utilizing moderate or high activity dehydrogenation catalysts at kinetic residence times of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 seconds, and at temperatures of from about 900.degree. F. to about 1600.degree. F. The present invention further relates to the production of an olefin from its corresponding paraffin, and a process for the production of a mixture of olefins.

Abstract: A reformer tube assembly for use in reformer reactors including a ceramic tube having an open top end and a closed bottom end, a corrosive resistant liner for the ceramic tube also having an open top end and closed bottom end and a centrally disposed metal tube having an open top end and open bottom end wherein the centrally disposed metal tube has a diameter substantially less than the liner so as to form an annulus between the interior of the liner and the exterior of the centrally disposed tube in which catalyst for the reaction is placed, and the open bottom end of the centrally disposed tube is spaced away from the closed bottom of the liner to allow process gas exiting the catalyst filled annulus to pass along the closed bottom of the liner and up the interior of the centrally disposed metal tube.

Abstract: Process for catalytic dehydrogenation of a mixture of light paraffins including passing accelerated catalyst with an acceleration gas into a mixing zone for contact with mixed paraffin feedstock, passing the feedstock/catalyst into a reaction zone, separating the effluent from the spent catalyst solids, quenching the effluent and separating and recycling at least a portion of the unreacted light feedstock for use as an acceleration gas to accelerate the fresh catalyst wherein the kinetic residence time from contact of the catalyst and feedstock to quench is between 0.1 and 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: A thermal cracking furnace comprising horizontally disposed and vertically disposed radiant tube sections.

Abstract: An improved fluidized catalytic cracking-catalyst regeneration process for catalytically cracking heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks is provided which comprises first and second, relatively lower and higher temperature, catalyst regeneration zones, wherein CO-rich effluent flue gas from the first regeneration zone is combusted in a CO-incinerator/combustor means to substantially convert all CO present therein to CO.sub.2. The effluent gas from the CO-incinerator/combustor is then combined with the effluent flue gas from the second regeneration zone, with the combined streams thereafter being sent to an expansion turbine-compressor means to recover the work energy therefrom and to provide at least all the compressed air requirements of the first and second regeneration zones, and preferably in addition the compressed air requirements of the CO-incinerator/combustion means.

Abstract: An improved process for controlling desired product distribution in fluidized catalytic cracking of olefins is provided wherein riser reactor temperature profiles are controlled by means of atomized quench streams provided downstream of the hydrocarbon feedstock charge level.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for effecting liquid-liquid contact in a plurality of stages between heavy and light liquid streams is provided wherein said streams are capable of undergoing mass transfer with one another or constituents in either stream are capable of reaction therebetween and where either of said streams can be intercirculated or intracirculated through each stage.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for transferring and regulating the recycle of particulate solids separated from a gas-particulate solids suspension in which an auxiliary vessel and slanted pipe are provided to transfer and regulate particulate solids flow.

Abstract: A cryogenic technique for recovering ethene from a gaseous mixture containing methane, ethane, etc. Operating methods and apparatus are provided for passing the gas feed through a chilling train having a series of dephlegmator-type exchange units to condense liquid rich in ethene and ethane, while separating a major portion of methane and lighter gas. A multizone demethanizer removes condensed methane from the C.sub.2 fraction to provide multiple methane free liquid streams of varying ethene to ethane ratio at least one of which is essentially C.sub.3 free.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus is provided for simultaneously, independently catalytically cracking dissimilar hydrocarbon feedstocks at elevated temperatures in separate riser reactors and under respective operating parameters which permit selective conversion to desired products, wherein catalyst regeneration is conducted in two steps comprising separate relatively lower and higher temperature regeneration stages.