Abstract: The present invention provides phenolic resin-based adhesives which do not produce waste water and industrial wastes and which have good adhesive force, especially after being exposed to thermal history. That is, the present invention provides a phenolic resin-based adhesive composition which contains a polyvinyl butyral, a novolak type phenolic resin or a novolak type phenolic resin and a resol type phenolic resin, and hexamethylenetetramine and which is obtained by uniformly melt-mixing these components, or a phenolic resin-based adhesive composition which contains a polyvinyl butyral, an epoxy resin, a novolak type phenolic resin or a novolak type phenolic resin and a resol type phenolic resin, and hexamethylenetetramine and which is obtained by uniformly melt-mixing these components.

Abstract: A novolak-type phenol resin with less unreacted phenol and a narrow molecular weight distribution is produced in high yield by reaction of a phenol with an aldehyde using an organophosphonic acid as a catalyst, while keeping a water concentration of reaction system at not more than 30% by weight and a reaction temperature at 110° C.-200° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a phenolic resin composition characterized in that a novolak type phenolic resin modified with an unsaturated oil or an aromatic hydrocarbon resin, and hexamine are used as essential components, and these are kneaded by an open roll or a kneading extruder, whereby 30-90% of the hexamine used is converted into the adduct thereof. A rubber composition containing the phenolic resin composition produced by the above process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper is produced by admising components comprising:(A) 100 parts by weight of a polyvalent metal salt of a co-condensation product of a substituted salicylic acid, an aromatic hydrocarbon and an aldehyde. Such a co-condensation product is obtained by reacting:(a) a substituted salicylic acid,(b) one or more aromatic hydrocarbons having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, and(c) an aldehyde of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, in the presence of an acidic catalyst; and(B) 5 to 200 parts by weight of one or more members selected from the group consisting of petroleum resins, terpene resins, modified terpene resins, coumaarone resins and modified coumarone resins.The color developer is excellent in color density, resistance to yellow staining, fastness to light of color images and resistance to fading in water of color images, and in addition is capable of forming color images at a markedly increased speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvalent metal-bound carboxyl-modified p-alkylphenol-mesitylene-formaldehyde resin composition produced by binding with a polyvalent metal a -alkylphenol-mesitylene-formaldehyde co-condensate containing a carboxyl group, to produce a color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyvalent metal-bound carboxyl-modified p-substituted phenol-xylene-formaldehyde resin composition produced by binding with a polyvalent metal a p-substituted phenol-xylene-formaldehyde co-condensate containing a carboxyl group, to produce a color developer for pressure-sensitive recording paper. The polyvalene metal is selected from the group magnesium, aluminum, calcium, cadmium, zinc, nickel and manganese.

Abstract: A method of producing a novolac phenolic resin having quick-curing properties and good fluidity is disclosed, whereby the novolac resin is prepared by reacting a phenol with an aldehyde using an acidic catalyst and thereafter adding an ammonium halide. The ammonium halide is added in amounts of about 0.05 to 3 wt % of the solid resin, and the conversion of aldehyde is not less than 90% and the water content of the resin is not less than 5%.

Abstract: A phenolic resin composite foam is disclosed which is prepared by heating and foaming a novolak phenolic resin having a number average molecular weight of 250 to 600 and a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.5, a blowing agent, a blowing auxiliary compound and inorganic foamed particles. Additional materials for flame retardancy can be added. The foam produced has a high compressive strength, a high foaming and rapid curing rates, a low water absorption and a minimum of friability.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a method for producing phenol resin foam possessing a compact cellular structure, a high closed cell ratio and improved heat resistance. The method consists of using a resole type phenolic resin having a number average molecular weight of 150-400, surface active agents, blowing agents and curing agents, wherein at least two surface active agents are chosen from general formulas A and B, but a selection of each type must be employed ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 8-14 carbon atoms and/or a 2-phenylpropyl group, and m and n are integers and meet the requirement: ##EQU1## R.sub.2 is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 4-12 carbon atoms, M is a hydrogen atom or SO.sub.2 Na, and x is an integer of 4-110.

Abstract: A resinous composition for friction materials, especially for non-asbestos type friction materials is disclosed. The composition is composed of a phenolic resin modified by the reaction product of an acrylonitrile-butadiene liquid rubber with an epoxy resin, and further modification with a triazine resin. This composition when blended with non-asbestos fibers, such as fiberglass, etc., retains the flexibility desired, provides excellent friction characteristics and a reduced wear rate.

Abstract: A refractory composition or mixture utilizing basic aggregates is disclosed which does not discolor when a phenolic binder is used, and provides improved flexural strength. The composition contains specific proportions of phenolic resin and a compound having a pKa of less than 9.5 at 25.degree. C. and basic aggregates.

Abstract: A phenolic resin for application in foundry shell molding operations having improved properties is disclosed. The phenolic resin is prepared by reacting aldehydes and a mixture of bisphenol A and bisphenol F to prepare a phenolic resin for coating foundry aggregates or sand to prepare shell molds having low thermal expansion and improved shake out properties.

Abstract: A polymeric binder composition for refractory aggregates is disclosed. The binder is a resole type phenolic resin, solvent and a tar, pitch or mixtures thereof. The solvent has a boiling point of greater than 75.degree. C. and is added to the resole type phenolic resin to impart a viscosity range of between 1 to 1000 poise. The tar/pitch component is combined in the solvent-resin mixture, and is incorporated within the ratios of 30:70 to 70:30 with relation to the phenolic resin. The binder results in a high carbon binder.

Abstract: A resin coated sand for shell-molding processes is provided comprising the coating of foundry sand or aggregates with a phenolic resin and a carboxylic acid salt. The carboxylic acid salt is selected from a carboxylic acid salt of an element selected from groups Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IVa, Va, VIb, VIIa, VIIb or VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements. The proportion of carboxylic acid salt to phenolic resin is from 0.5 to 40 parts carboxylic acid salt to 100 parts phenolic resin. This resin coated sand produces shell-molds having excellent properties for casting, and allows the molded article to be removed in an easy and efficient manner.

Abstract: A process for preparing resin coated sand for shell molding foundry operations is disclosed wherein the resin utilized is a phenolic resin containing a bromophenol. The resin coated sand has improved shake-out properties and is especially formulated for low melting metals such as aluminum and magnesium castings.

Abstract: A resin coated sand for shell-molding foundry operations having improved shake-out properties for molds prepared therefrom is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of producing said sand. The foundry aggregates or sand are coated with a phenolic resin containing from 0.2 to 40 parts of an aromatic nitro compound per 100 parts of phenolic resin. The resin may be a novolac type, a resole type or a mixture of the two types of phenolic resins. Suggested aromatic nitro compounds are nitrophenols, dinitrophenols and nitronaphthalenes. The process is extremely useful for coating lower melting temperature metals such as aluminum and magnesium.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with foundry binder compositions for alkaline aggregates such as reclaimed sand, Olivia sand, alumina sand, etc., which cure at ambient temperatures. The binder composition is composed of phenolic resins, polyisocyanates and a hydrogen chloride emitting substance upon hydrolysis. Curing of this composition is by gaseous amines. The hydrogen chloride emitting substance on hydrolysis is selected from the following: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 can be selected from: Hydrogen, Chlorine, alkyl, vinyl or alkoxy, or(b) Thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, acid chlorides of sulfur, such as methyl chlorosulfuric acid, ethyl chloroculfuric acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a resin-coated sand for use in shell-molding operations wherein the molding operation is designed for metals such as aluminum, magnesium and their alloys which have a lower-melting temperature than iron. The process involves the coating of foundry sand with a phenolic resin incorporating a carbonate and/or bicarbonate of elements selected from groups Ia, IIa, IIIb, IVb, Vb, VIb, VIIb or VIII. This process produces a resin-coated sand with improved shake-out properties of the casting molds.

Abstract: An improved resin coated sand for use in foundry shell-molding applications is disclosed which has increased resistance to thermal shock at the time of pouring. The improved product uses a phenolic resin as binder with aromatic compounds selected from the following generic formulae: ##STR1## The foundry aggregates are mixed with the phenolic resin and organic compounds under conventional mixing conditions to form a sand-resin mixture that can be formed into shell-molds. Upon casting the molten metal into these molds, the abrupt thermal expansion of the coated sand is controlled to eliminate the cracking that occurs when conventional phenolic-sand mixtures are employed.

Abstract: An improved resin coated sand for use in foundry shell-molding applications is disclosed which has increased resistance to thermal shock at the time of pouring. The improved product uses a phenolic resin as binder with aromatic compounds selected from the following generic formulae: ##STR1## wherein m, n, x and y are integers. The foundry aggregates are mixed with the phenolic resin and organic compounds under conventional mixing conditions to form a sand-resin mixture that can be formed into shell-molds. Upon casting the molten metal into these molds, the abrupt thermal expansion of the coated sand is controlled to eliminate the cracking that occurs when conventional phenolic-sand mixtures are employed.