Abstract: A process is provided for treating waste liquor or waste water containing free phenols in excess of 10,000 ppm, harmful to aerobic bacteria present in the activated sludge for general purpose, comprising the steps of (1) reducing the phenol content to 100 ppm or less by means of solvent extraction or adsorption, (2) conditioning the waste water obtained in step (1) in a large conditioning tank to adjust the pH, temperature and BOD, (3) treating the waste water obtained in step (2) in an aerating tank by means of activated sludge for general purpose containing aerobic bacteria, and (4) separating the treated water from the sludge in a sedimentation tank. Preferably above 10 to 50 weight percent of the treated water is recycled to the conditioning step (2).

Abstract: Phenolic novolak resins are produced from acetophenone, particularly by-product acetophenone obtained from the cumene process for manufacturing phenol, by the process of (1) reacting acetophenone with an aldehyde under alkaline conditions, and (2) reacting the product of step (1) with a phenol under acidic conditions. Phenolic resole resins are produced by reacting the product of step (2) with an aldehyde under alkaline conditions. The acetophenone modified phenolic resins are useful as a molding material, a felting or batting binder, a grinding stone binder, a foundry sand binder and an adhesive for timbers.

Abstract: This invention relates to resin-coated sand compositions useful in the preparation of foundry sand cores and molds comprising sand, a solid novalac resin, a lubricant-containing solid resole resin, and optionally, hexamethylenetetramine in an amount of up to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of resin.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing a stable aqueous emulsion of a phenolic resin which is characterized by adding polyacrylamides and, if required, further adding dispersing agents to the phenolic resin during or after the completion of a reaction of components which comprise (A) between about five (5) and one hundred (100) parts by weight of one or more phenols, (B) between zero (0) and about ninety-five (95) parts by weight of aldehyde-reactive modifier, and (C) in excess of 0.4 mole of aldehydes based on the total amount of one (1) mole of (A) and (B) described above.Emulsions obtained by the present invention are useful as binders for inorganic materials and organic materials, as compounding ingredients for latex, as emulsion and water paints and so forth; and, furthermore, there are various uses such as grouting agent, reinforcing agent for synthetic rubber, self-hardening binder for foundry sands, raw material of phenolic resin foam, binder for abrasive cloth and paper, and the like.

Abstract: Adhesive compositions comprising a mixture of polyvinyl acetate and an alcohol soluble resol phenolic resin and about 2 to 20 parts by weight of lower polyhydric alcohol per 100 parts by weight of the resin solids have enhanced binding strengths on curing even after a prolonged open assembly time.

Abstract: A process for coating electronic elements comprises the steps of (1) forcibly impregnating an element with a liquid thermosetting resin undercoat, (2) depositing a powdered coating material on the element as a topcoat by electrostatic fluidized bed dip coating the element before the undercoat is dry, and (3) curing the resin by heating.

Abstract: Improved aqueous color developing compositions for copying papers are prepared by emulsifying phenolic resins having relatively low molecular weights. The aqueous emulsions are prepared by condensing a phenol and an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst, and without the customary steps of high temperature concentration or dry pulverization of the solid resin the precondensate is directly emulsified with starch or other emulsifiers while in a liquid state. Uniformity of resin particle size is achieved by accelerated agitation of the precondensate. The process provides stable emulsions with fine resin particles having a diameter of under about 7 microns, which excel in color developing properties, fastness to light and have extended shelf life.

Abstract: Rubber cement compositions which consist of rubbers and multi- (three and more) functional phenol-aldehyde modified bifunctional phenol resins, which are made by first obtaining the bifunctional phenolic resin by condensing 1 mole of bifunctional phenol with 0.5 to 3.0 moles of aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and then co-condensing 0.05 to 2.5 moles of multifunctional (three and more) phenols against 1 mol of the bifunctional phenols in the above-mentioned resin in the presence of an acidic catalyst, said co-condensed resin having a number average molecular weight of 700 - 1900, a resin melting point of 80.degree. - 160.degree. C, being curable and also being soluble in aromatic hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: A method for accelerated curing of phenolic resin adhesives comprises adding powdered green tea to a thermosetting phenolic resin at about ambient temperature.

Abstract: A ceramic capacitor is provided having a flame retardant electrical insulation coating characterized by blending 10 - 15 percent by weight of an uniformly melt-blendable non-heat-reactive type synthetic resin, with melting points between 70.degree. and 150.degree. C. into a flame-retardant wax, which contains a halogenated flame retardent.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing foundry molds, which comprises preforming a foundry sand mixture comprising sand, a resol type phenol-formaldehyde resin, a solvent, and optionally, a curing agent for said resin, or a curing agent for said resin and a thermoplastic resin; and thereafter removing the solvent from the preformed mixture by evaporation.

Abstract: Activated carbon filtration materials are obtained by impregnating phenolic resins into inorganic porous bodies, such as ceramic filter tubes and plates, then baking the impregnated bodies to carbonize the resins. The invention also includes improved methods for purifying aqueous liquids contaminated with phenol, live bacilli, pyrogens, or water soluble organic dyes and a process for regenerating spent filters.

Abstract: Plugging compositions for blast furnace tap holes comprising a refractory filler, a wetting agent, and a binder therefor comprising a phenol-aldehyde condensate resin chemically modified by reaction with lignin have a muddy consistancy, and are characterized by enhanced compressive strength at elevated temperatures and increased plasticity at low temperatures as compared to conventional binders.

Abstract: A cold-curing binder for foundry sand cores and molds comprises (a) an oil-modified alkyd resin, said resin characterized by an oil component which comprises a mixture of tall oil fatty acid and linseed oil in the ratio of from about 20:80 to about 80:20 parts by weight, (b) a polyisocyanate component, and (c) a curing accelerator. The novel binders of this invention generate less objectionable odor during the casting operation and cure more rapidly than conventional binders.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for manufacturing a shaped active carbon by using a one step phenol-formaldehyde resin, a modified phenol-formaldehyde resin or a mixture thereof as a binder. By this method, a shaped active carbon can be obtained having increased mechanical strength without deterioration of the adsorption capacity.

Abstract: Wax compositions for flame retardant electrical insulation coating characterized by blending 10 - 15 percent by weight of an uniformly melt-blendable non-heat-reactive type synthetic resin, with melting points between 70.degree. and 150.degree. C. into a flame-retardant wax, which contains a halogenated flame retardant.

Abstract: Improved preparation of densified wood reinforced with a resole phenolic resin is accomplished by impregnating wood with a solution of the resin in the presence of about 0.6 to 4 parts of methanol, acetone, or mixture thereof per part by weight of the solids content of the resin under a pressure of about 10-50 Kgs/cm.sup.2 and thereafter drying and curing the resin-impregnated wood. The resultant product has an enhanced content of cured resin and greater bending strength than densified wood prepared by conventional resin impregnating techniques.

Abstract: Rubber cement compositions which consist of rubbers and multi- (three and more) functional phenol-aldehyde modified bifunctional phenol resins, which are made by first obtaining the bifunctional phenolic resin by condensing 1 mole of bifunctional phenol with 0.5 to 3.0 moles of aldehydes in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and then co-condensing 0.05 to 2.5 moles of multifunctional (three and more) phenols against 1 mol of the bifunctional phenols in the above-mentioned resin in the presence of an acidic catalyst, said co-condensed resin having a number average molecular weight of 700 - 1900, a resin melting point of 80.degree. -160.degree. C, being curable and also being soluble in aromatic hydrocarbon solvents.

Abstract: A method for preventing the gelation of thermosetting resin glues or varnishes in waste wash water characterized by mixing urea in to the waste water which principally contains resorcinol resin obtained by reacting resorcinol with formaldehyde or phenol modified resorcinol resin obtained by reacting phenol, resorcinol and formaldehyde.

Abstract: A manufacturing process for synthetic resins is characterized by reacting oligomers produced from diene compound raw materials directly with phenols or phenolic resins in the presence of acidic catalysts.