Abstract: A gear device includes an internal gear and an external gear that meshes with the internal gear, in which the internal gear is made of a resin, the external gear is made of a material having a smaller linear expansion coefficient than the resin, and PCDs of the internal gear and the external gear before use of the gear device are set such that lost motion becomes 0 min or more and 15 min or less due to a difference in a thermal expansion amount between the internal gear and the external gear at a time of use of the gear device.

Abstract: The controller controls the gas supply of the gas supply unit so as to maintain a pressure in a metal pipe material at a first pressure when a gas is supplied into the metal pipe material which is formed into a pipe portion in a main cavity portion in a state where an upper die and a lower die are joined to each other. It is possible to prevent pressure drop in the pipe portion caused by cooling of the pipe portion due to a contact between the dies, and the pipe portion. Thus, it is possible to suppress a decrease in a force for pressing the pipe portion against the dies. It is possible to suppress a decrease in adhesion between the pipe portion and the dies when the metal pipe is formed, and it is possible to suppress occurrence of variations in hardenability in the pipe portion.

Abstract: There is provided a cryocooler including a first compressor, a second compressor, a cold head that has a high pressure port and a low pressure port, a high pressure line that is configured such that a refrigerant gas is able to flow from the first compressor and the second compressor to the high pressure port of the cold head via a merging portion, the high pressure line including a first high pressure sub-line and a second high pressure sub-line, and a low pressure line that is configured such that the refrigerant gas is able to flow from the low pressure port of the cold head to the first compressor and the second compressor via a diverting portion, the low pressure line including a first low pressure sub-line and a second low pressure sub-line.

Abstract: There is provided a mounting structure for mounting a cryocooler cold head on a vacuum vessel. The cold head includes a cold head-side cooling stage and a cold head-side flange. The mounting structure includes a cold head accommodation sleeve installed in the vacuum vessel and including a sleeve-side cooling stage which comes into thermal contact with the cold head-side cooling stage by coming into physical contact with the cold head-side cooling stage, and a sleeve-side flange to be coupled to the cold head-side flange, an inter-flange distance adjustment mechanism configured to adjust a distance between the sleeve-side flange and the cold head-side flange so that the cold head-side cooling stage and the sleeve-side cooling stage are physically brought into contact with each other or brought into a contactless state therebetween, and a flange fastening mechanism configured to fasten the cold head-side flange to the sleeve-side flange.

Abstract: A laser beam from a laser optical system is incident onto a semiconductor wafer. Thermal radiation light from the semiconductor wafer is incident onto an infrared detector. The infrared detector outputs a signal based on the intensity of the thermal radiation light. A processing device calculates a sheet resistance of the semiconductor wafer that is annealed by the laser beam on the basis of an output value of the infrared detector, and outputs a calculation value of the sheet resistance to an output device.

Abstract: A forming apparatus which forms a metal pipe by expanding a metal pipe material, includes: a forming die for forming the metal pipe; a first electrode and a second electrode which clamp the metal pipe material at both end sides and heat the metal pipe material by causing an electric current to flow through the metal pipe material; and a first fluid supply unit and a second fluid supply unit which supply a fluid into the metal pipe material heated by the first electrode and the second electrode to expand the metal pipe material, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is provided with a movement restriction mechanism which restricts a movement of the metal pipe material in an axial direction of the metal pipe material.

Abstract: A flow field having an inflow/outflow interface is set as an analysis region, a fluid in the flow field is handled as an aggregate of a plurality of particles, and simulation is performed by using a molecular dynamics method. Here, a simulation method includes process of maintaining a temperature and a pressure in a heat bath at target values by compensating for changes in the temperature and the pressure in the heat bath with the passage of time in an analysis model in which the heat bath is connected to the inflow/outflow interface of the analysis region, and a particle is allowed to move between the heat bath and the analysis region.

Abstract: A shovel control method includes performing a plane position control or a height control of an end attachment by an operation of one lever. The plane position control is performed while maintaining a height of the end attachment. The height control is performed while maintaining a plane position of the end attachment.

Abstract: A shovel includes a traveling body, an upper turning body turnably provided on the traveling body, an attachment including a boom, an arm, and a bucket and attached to the upper turning body, and a processor. The processor is configured to correct the motion of the attachment in such a manner as to control a slip of the traveling body toward the back in the extension direction of the attachment.

Abstract: A radiation treatment apparatus includes an accelerator that emits a charged particle beam, a time measurement unit that measures an emission time of the charged particle beam of the accelerator, a first control unit that controls the accelerator based on the emission time measured by the time measurement unit, and an emission determination unit that determines whether or not the accelerator is emitting the charged particle beam while the first control unit is controlling the accelerator. The time measurement unit adds a time, for which a result of a determination performed by the emission determination unit is that the accelerator is emitting the charged particle beam, to the emission time and does not add a time, for which the result of the determination performed by the emission determination unit is that the accelerator is not emitting the charged particle beam, to the emission time.

Abstract: A cryocooler includes a displacer, a cylinder that forms an expansion space, a Scotch yoke mechanism configured to drive the displacer in a reciprocating manner, a first rod that extends from the Scotch yoke mechanism, a housing that includes an assist chamber, a rotary valve configured to switch between a state in which the expansion space and a discharge side of a compressor are connected and the assist chamber and a suction side of the compressor are connected and a state in which the expansion space and the suction side of the compressor are connected and the assist chamber and the discharge side of the compressor are connected, a motor configured to drive the Scotch yoke mechanism and the rotary valve, and an on-off valve configured to open and close a gas flow path through which the rotary valve and the assist chamber are connected.

Abstract: A first region is formed by injecting a first condition type first dopant into a surface layer portion of an IGBT section of a semiconductor substrate. A second region is formed by injecting a second condition type second dopant into a region of the IGBT section shallower than the first region. An amorphous third region is formed by injecting the first conduction type third dopant into a surface layer portion of a diode section at a concentration higher than that of the second dopant. Thereafter, the IGBT section and the diode section are laser-annealed under conditions in which the third region is partially melted and the first dopant is activated. Subsequently, a surface layer portion which is shallower than the second injection region in the entire region of the IGBT section and the diode section is melted and crystallized by annealing the IGBT section and the diode section.

Abstract: A shovel includes a traveling body, an upper turning body turnably provided on the traveling body, an attachment including a boom, an arm, and a bucket and attached to the upper turning body, and a processor. The processor is configured to correct a motion of the boom cylinder of the attachment in such a manner as to control a lift of the rear of the traveling body with the front of the traveling body serving as a tipping fulcrum. The processor is configured to correct the motion of the boom cylinder based on a rod pressure and a bottom pressure of the boom cylinder.

Abstract: A cryocooler includes a displacer capable of reciprocating in an axial direction, a cylinder that accommodates the displacer, a drive piston that drives the displacer in the axial direction, a drive chamber that accommodates the drive piston, a rotary valve that includes a first valve element that is one of a valve rotor rotatable around a rotary valve rotation axis and a valve stator, and a second valve element that is the other of the valve rotor and the valve stator, a reversible motor that is coupled with the rotary valve so as to rotate the rotary valve around the rotary valve rotation axis. The rotary valve includes a coupling mechanism that couples the first component and the second component with each other. The first relative angle is designed to cool the cryocooler, and the second relative angle is designed to heat the cryocooler.

Abstract: A charged particle beam treatment apparatus includes an irradiator that irradiates an irradiation target with a charged particle beam by a scanning method, in which the irradiator includes a scanning electromagnet that performs scanning with the charged particle beam, is rotatable around the irradiation target by a rotating gantry, and emits the charged particle beam with a base axis orthogonal to a center line of the rotating gantry and passing through the center line as a reference, and when the scanning electromagnet is not operated, the charged particle beam which is emitted from a tip portion of the irradiator is inclined in one direction with respect to the base axis.

Abstract: A reduction gear includes an external gear, an internal gear which meshes with the external gear, a first member which synchronizes with a rotation of the external gear, a second member which synchronizes with a rotation of the internal gear, and a main bearing which is disposed between the first member and the second member, in which one of the first member and the second member is connected to a driven member and the other is fixed to an external member, and the first member, the second member, and the main bearing are formed of a material having a larger Young's modulus and larger specific gravity than those of a material constituting the external gear and the internal gear.

Abstract: A particle acceleration system includes an ion source that generates an ion, an accelerator that accelerates the ion, And a transporting unit that transports the ion from the ion source to the accelerator, in which an attachment angle and an attachment position of the ion source with respect to the transporting unit are able to be adjusted.

Abstract: There is provided a starting method for a cryocooler, the cryocooler including a compressor, a cold head, a high pressure line, and a low pressure line, the method including increasing a volume of the high pressure line when the cold head is at a room temperature, cooling the cold head from the room temperature to a cryogenic temperature while controlling an operation frequency of the compressor based on a pressure of the high pressure line or a differential pressure between the high pressure line and the low pressure line, after the volume of the high pressure line has been increased, decreasing the volume of the high pressure line after the cold head has been cooled to the cryogenic temperature, and maintaining the cold head at the cryogenic temperature after the volume of the high pressure line has been decreased.

Abstract: A simulation method includes: a process of performing a renormalization transformation process with respect to a granular system S that is a simulation target that includes a plurality of polymers that are respectively formed of a plurality of monomer grains that are connected to each other in one dimension, on the basis of a renormalization factor ? depending on the number of times of renormalization; and a process of calculating a position vector and a momentum vector of a monomer grain in a renormalized granular system S? by executing molecular dynamics calculation with respect to the renormalized granular system S?.

Abstract: A cryocooler includes a cold head, a valve unit which includes a rotary valve configured to periodically switch a pressure of a working gas in the cold head between a first high pressure and a second high pressure lower than the first high pressure and a valve motor configured to rotate the rotary valve, the valve unit having a rotation angle range in which the rotary valve seals the working gas having the second high pressure in the cold head, a cryocooler control unit configured to control the valve motor, a cryocooler stop instruction unit configured to output a cryocooler stop instruction signal to the cryocooler control unit, and a valve stop timing control unit configured to control the valve motor to stop the rotary valve in the rotation angle range, according to the cryocooler stop instruction signal.