Abstract: A bit line sense amplifier includes: a first inverter configured to receive an input signal from a bit line via an input terminal and output a first signal to a first node; a second inverter configured to receive the first signal and output a second signal to a second node; a differential amplifier configured to receive the input signal as a positive input, and receive the second signal as a negative input; and a first switch configured to electrically connect the input terminal to the positive input of the differential amplifier and a second switch configured to electrically connect the second node to the negative input of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: There is provided a sound synthesis apparatus. The apparatus comprises a transceiver configured to obtain a plurality of sound samples; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to: preprocess each sound sample to convert each sound sample into a spectrogram; generate a plurality of latent codes by inputting the spectrogram of each sound sample to an encoder of an artificial neural network pre-trained to output a latent code that maximizes timbre information; generate one synthesized latent code by synthesizing the plurality of latent codes based on a weight present for each sound sample; and generate a synthesized sound by inputting the synthesized latent code to a decoder of the pre-trained artificial neural network.

Abstract: A pneumatic controlled soft gripper includes a chamber having a negative-pressure action space defined therein and having an opening communicating with the negative-pressure action space; a sucker extending radially outwardly from the opening of the chamber and having an annular contact surface; an expandable and contractible protuberance protruding from a top face of the negative-pressure action space opposite to the opening, wherein the protuberance is received in the negative-pressure action space, and has a gas pocket defined therein; and a gas channel extending from an outer face of the chamber into the gas pocket, wherein gas flows into and out of the gas pocket through the gas channel.

Abstract: A method for correcting an image includes: orthographically correcting an image; removing a curtain artifact by applying a first filter to the orthographically corrected image; correcting brightness of the image, from which the curtain artifact is removed, by applying a second filter to the image, from which the curtain artifact is removed. The first filter includes a first function and a second function for a first domain and a second domain, which are orthogonal to each other in a frequency region, and the first filter is differentiable and continuous in the first domain and the second domain.

Abstract: Disclosed are an anion exchange membrane based on an aromatic polymer functionalized with an imidazolium group, a preparation method thereof, and a vanadium redox flow battery including the membrane.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light includes a raw material supply unit supplying a plasma source for generating EUV light. An EUV light source unit uses a laser to generate plasma from the plasma source. A filter is configured to extract EUV light from the light. A first protective layer is disposed on a front surface of the filter. A frame having a first region exposing at least a portion of the filter or the first protective layer is disposed on the first protective layer. A width of the first region is smaller than a width of the first protective layer and smaller than or equal to a width of the filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing information are provided, and the method may include receiving an image from a terminal, obtaining coordinate information on objects included in the image from the image, extracting contexts including the objects included in the image and intentions of the objects from the image, obtaining at least one segmented image based on the image and the contexts, obtaining at least one keyword related to at least one of the objects based on the contexts, generating a hyperlink based on the at least one segmented image and the at least one keyword, generating a silhouette based on the hyperlink and the coordinate information, mapping the hyperlink to the silhouette, and transmitting the silhouette to which the hyperlink is mapped to the terminal.

Abstract: Provided are an in-memory computing apparatus and a method for operating the same, and the in-memory computing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: an input controller provided with an input signal and configured to generate a first input voltage signal, a second input voltage signal, and a third input voltage signal based on the input signal; a weighting value controller configured to generate a first selection signal and a second selection signal based on a weight precision bit number; a memory array provided with the first input voltage signal, the second input voltage signal, and the third input voltage signal from the input controller, and provided with the first selection signal and the second selection signal from the weighting value controller, and configured to generate a first output charge to a seventh output charge based on the first input voltage signal, the second input voltage signal, the third input voltage signal, the first selection signal, and the seco

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a robot traveling device including a body part, a moving part that slidably moves in a longitudinal direction of the body part, a front end traveling part that is rotatably mounted on the body part and the moving part and is rotatable by contact friction, and a rear end traveling part that is rotatably mounted on the body part and the moving part and is rotatable by contact friction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a brain disease, comprising a stem cell-derived exosome surface-modified with a compound capable of binding to dopamine receptors or L-amino acid transporters as an active ingredient. The stem cell-derived exosome according to the present disclosure selectively binds to dopamine receptors (D2) overexpressed as autoreceptors in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra through surface modification. Thereby, local accumulation in dopaminergic neurons is possible. In addition, it was identified that the stem cell-derived exosome exhibited an excellent neuron protective effect and neuron death inhibitory effect. Accordingly, the surface-modified stem cell-derived exosome according to the present disclosure is expected to be usefully used as a composition for preventing or treating a brain disease including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of forming PN junction structures, methods of fabricating semiconductor devices using the same, and semiconductor devices fabricated by the same. The method of forming a PN junction structure includes: forming on a substrate a first material layer that includes first transition metal atoms and first chalcogen atoms, loading the first material layer into a process chamber and supplying a gas of second chalcogen atoms, and forming a second material layer by substituting the second chalcogen atoms for the first chalcogen atoms on a selected portion of the first material layer. The first material layer has one of n-type conductivity and p-type conductivity. The second material layer has the other of the n-type conductivity and the p-type conductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed are a skin-attachable adhesive patch mimicking a leg structure of a diving beetle and having excellent skin-attachment ability even in a dry or wet condition, and a method for manufacturing the same. The skin-attachable adhesive patch includes a substrate; a plurality of negative pressure chambers formed on a surface of the substrate, wherein each of the plurality of negative pressure chambers has a truncated hollow sphere structure; a micro-wrinkle layer formed on at least a portion of a remaining area of the substrate except for an area thereof where the negative pressure chambers are formed; and a patterned carbon particle layer formed on the micro-wrinkle layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a zero Poisson's ratio structure including a central pillar; at least two branched connectors extending radially from a lower end of the central pillar, wherein each of the branched connectors includes: a first segmental portion extending inclinedly upwardly or downwardly from the central pillar; and a second segmental portion extending inclinedly downwardly or upwardly from a distal point of the first segmental portion, wherein the extension directions of the first and second segmental portions are opposite to each other; and each leg extending perpendicularly downwardly from a distal point of each of the second segmental portions, wherein due to a force pressing the central pillar, each of an angle between the central pillar and the first segmental portion, an angle between the first segmental portion and the second segmental portion, and an angle between the second segmental portion and the leg is variable.

Abstract: In a display apparatus, a display panel includes a pixel array of pixels, each pixel disposed on one of a plurality of row lines and including a plurality of inorganic LEDs, and a sub pixel circuit corresponding to each of the plurality of LEDs. Each sub pixel circuit includes a PMOSFET driving transistor, and drives a corresponding LED based on an applied image data voltage. A sensing part senses a current through the driving transistor of at least one sub pixel circuit based on a specified voltage applied to the sub pixel circuit, and outputs corresponding sensing data. A correcting part corrects an image data voltage applied to the sub pixel circuit based on the sensing data. In each LED, an anode electrode is coupled to a common node to which a driving voltage is applied, and a cathode electrode is coupled to a source terminal of the driving transistor.

Abstract: Provided are a metal chalcogenide thin film and a method and device for manufacturing the same. The metal chalcogenide thin film includes a transition metal element and a chalcogen element, and at least one of the transition metal element and the chalcogen element having a composition gradient along the surface of the metal chalcogenide thin film, the composition gradient being an in-plane composition gradient. The metal chalcogenide thin film may be prepared by using a manufacturing method including providing a transition metal precursor and a chalcogen precursor on a substrate by using a confined reaction space in such a manner that at least one of the transition metal precursor and the chalcogen precursor forms a concentration gradient according to a position on the surface of the substrate; and heat-treating the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an equalization circuit, an error prediction circuit, a sequence estimation circuit, and a selection circuit. The equalization circuit is configured to generate a first data sequence and a first equalized signal from an input signal received through a channel. The error prediction circuit is configured to predict an error based on the first equalized signal when the error is predicted. When the error is predicted, the sequence estimation circuit is configured to generate a second data sequence from the first data sequence and the predicted error. The selection circuit is configured to output the second data sequence when the predicted error is determined to be an actual error and to otherwise output the first data sequence.

Abstract: The present application relates to a plasma polymer thin film and a method for preparing the same, the plasma polymer thin film prepared using a first precursor material represented by the following Chemical Formula 1: (In Chemical Formula 1, R1 to R9 are each independently H or a C1-C5 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, and when R1 to R9 are substituted, the substituent is an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a halogen group, a nitro group, or a methoxy group).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating Alzheimer’s disease, containing an inhibitor of ATL2, and a method of diagnosing the disease based on the measurement of the ATL2. In the present invention, it was found that PS1 mutants may result in mitochondrial dysfunction, such as increased binding between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, increased mitochondrial ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased ATP production, decreased complex I activity, and decreased peroxidase activity, in brain glioma cells and that the PS1 mutants may abnormally increase the binding between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria by elevating the expression of the ATL2 in the brain. In addition, when the ATL2 was knocked down, it was observed that the binding between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria was lowered and that the expression of the ATL2 was elevated in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease animal models and patients.

Abstract: Provided a light emitting device including a reflective layer including a plurality of nanostructures that are periodically two-dimensionally arranged, a planarization layer disposed on the reflective layer, a first electrode disposed on the planarization layer, an organic emission layer disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the organic emission layer, wherein the planarization layer includes a conductive material that is transparent with respect to light emitted by the organic emission layer, and wherein the planarization layer is disposed on upper surfaces of the plurality of nanostructures such that an air gap is provided between adjacent nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures.

Abstract: A pneumatic cutter with a concealed blade includes a pouch in which an inner space filled with air is formed and which includes a variable portion configured to, upon a pneumatic pressure being applied to an inner portion of the pouch, protrude outward as the inner space expands and, in a case where the pneumatic pressure is not applied to the inner portion of the pouch, be concavely recessed inward as the inner space contracts; and a blade installed at the variable portion and configured to, upon the variable portion protruding outward due to the pneumatic pressure being applied to the inner portion of the pouch, protrude toward an object to be cut and cut the object to be cut.