Abstract: Agitation shafts provided with agitation vanes at lower portions thereof are fastened rotatably to the outer circumferential surface of a support cylinder to form a soft ground hardening machine. Connecting means are provided between upper and lower portions of the support cylinder. The connect-means are adapted to be tensed and slackened for eliminating the inclination of the machine in operation. In a soft ground hardening method using this machine, the inclination thereof can be eliminated as the direction in which the machine is inserted into or withdrawn from the soft ground is measured momentarily.

Abstract: Agitation shafts provided with agitation vanes at lower portions thereof are fixed rotatably around a support cylinder to form a soft ground hardening machine. A direction control unit is provided at a lower portion of the support cylinder so as to control the direction in which the machine is inserted into and withdrawn from the soft ground. In a method of hardening the soft ground by using this machine, the direction in which the machine is inserted into and withdrawn from the soft ground is controlled as the direction in which the machine is being inserted into or withdrawn from the soft ground is measured.

Abstract: Sludge deposit is stored in a sludge deposit receiving hopper, and the stored sludge deposit is fed onto a belt conveyor and transferred to a mixer. A hardener is fed to this mixer from a hardener hopper. A conveyor belt is disposed on the belt conveyor to measure the quantity of the sludge deposit transferred by the belt conveyor. According to this measured value of the transferred sludge deposit, the quantity of the sludge deposit fed from the sludge deposit receiving hopper and the quantity of the hardener fed from the hardener hopper are controlled. The sludge deposit is mixed and kneaded with the hardener, and the sludge deposit is solidified.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating sludge deposits comprising a girder, first running means for moving the girder in a direction rectangular to the longitudinal direction of the girder, kneading means held on the girder, second running means for moving the kneading means through a holding frame in a direction rectangular to the longitudinal direction of the girder and lift means for bringing up and down the kneading means while a chemical is fed from the kneading means is disclosed.

Abstract: A plurality of agitation spindles are disposed, and an agitation vane is attached to the lower portion of each agitation spindle. A mixing and kneading zone for mixing and kneading soft soil with a hardener is formed so that the hardener is supplied near these agitation vanes. The agitation spindles are supported by reinforcing members and connecting members to construct a multiple spindle kneading apparatus for improving ground. In one embodiment, blade-like excavating cutters are mounted on the agitation spindles. In another embodiment, hollow agitation spindles are used and the hollow portions are used as hardener passages. In still another embodiment, a tube for injecting the hardener into the mixing and kneading zone is disposed so that it can be moved up and down. A method for hardening soft ground by using this multiple spindle kneading apparatus in which the hardener feed position can be changed is provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for solidifying sludgy material depositing on the earth surface, the device comprising an agitator having intergrated agitating shafts, each of which is provided with agitating blades. The agitator is attached to a stern of a working barge with a certain angle of inclination and also provided with nozzles for injecting chemical hardener. The device is capable of effectively solidifying the surface sludge over a wide area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for constructing a tubular pile foundation in soft soil formations. Where in use, the device is suspended into the soft soil from a crane or a derrick on the earth or a working barge off shore. The device for stabilizing a body of the soft soil comprises a machine box holding driving means, driving shaft means connected to said drive means, agitating barrel means for stirring the soft soil disposed at the lower end of said driving shaft means, said agitating barrel means having a plurality of agitating blades, and a chemical hardener feeder system for injecting the hardener into the soft soil to form solidified tubular piles, said chemical hardener feeder system including swivel joints, delivery pipes and injection nozzles. The device can be moved upward and downward in course of constructing tubular solid piles in situ by agitating and mixing the soil with the hardener to provide the high bearing capacity to the soil layers.

Abstract: An apparatus for the solidification of sludges comprising an apparatus proper which can be moved in the vertical direction by lifting means and a casing surrounding the kneading zone of said apparatus proper and being capable of shifting in the vertical direction with respect to said apparatus proper. The apparatus proper includes agitating shafts driven and rotated by driving means and agitating blades attached to each agitating shaft to form the kneading zone. A hardener supply device is disposed in the kneading zone to feed a hardener to the kneading zone. The casing is arranged so that the sludge being treated is separated and partitioned from other sludge, and the vertical position of the casing can be changed so that a desirable treating condition is maintained in the sludge being treated.

Abstract: An artificial land structure framework minimizing the destruction of nature such as hills and plants.The framework has a plurality of beam members connected with each other to form a number of laterally disposed rectangular three-dimensional spaces, and artificial lands are stepwise provided along the diagonal lines of the three-dimensional spaces. The framework is of a truss structure with flexibility for modification, extension and reduction, and being able to have any desired number of layers of the artificial lands constructed on an inclined or flat ground.