Abstract: A method for manufacturing viscose filaments from a cellulosic starting material wherein a viscose is prepared from the cellulosic starting material, the viscose is extruded by passing it through a spinneret to form continuous thin strands, the extruded strands are passed continuously through a gaseous medium which contains at least one volatile agent of such a nature, and under such conditions, that a coagulating action on the said strands results, the strands which have thus been coagulated are then brought into contact with an acid medium which causes a pre-regeneration of the initial cellulose, so that the strands are converted to continuous filaments, and the filaments are passed through at least one other acid liquid medium which causes ultimate regeneration of the cellulose.

Abstract: A process for isolating a protein fraction from an aqueous solution or suspension containing the said fraction in admixture with other substances, which comprises subjecting the aqueous solution or suspension to ultrafiltration to obtain a retentate, diluting the retentate, subjecting the diluted retentate to at least one further ultrafiltration treatment and recovering a retentate containing the protein fraction.

Abstract: A power actuated tool comprising an expansion chamber for the combustion gases of a piece of ammunition placed in a combustion chamber.In the tool at least one substantially radial through hole is provided in the wall of the expansion chamber or of the combustion chamber and a bush which moves relative to the chamber is provided so as to be able to more or less completely expose the hole.

Abstract: A process for isolating an aromatic coffee fraction from an aqueous medium containing said fraction, which comprises contacting the aqueous medium with an organic solvent which is an azeotropic mixture capable of boiling at a temperature below about 50.degree. C of (a) at least one non-aromatic hydrocarbon and (b) at least one non-aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon or an ether and recovering a solvent phase containing the aromatic fraction. This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 623,055, filed Oct. 16, 1975, is now abandoned.

Abstract: A device for measuring the adhesion forces in a closure seal of a container, the seal being formed by a membrane adhering to the neck of a container and by a pad retained at the base of the cover of the container, adhering together, wherein it comprises a plunger with an adhesive and equipped with lateral guides and disposed in the recess of a shoe of which the sides form inclined planes adapted to the guides of the plunger and of which the base is provided with means for retaining the pad, the shoe being connected to a dynamometer.

Abstract: A filter apparatus comprises a tank, a pump and pump motor assembly, a filter assembly, and an inlet/outlet hose, which are modular elements easily assembled for use and disassembled for cleaning. The pump and pump motor assembly is detachably mounted to the tank by flanges including alignment pins and releasably connecting means. The filter assembly and inlet/outlet hose are attached to the pump and pump motor assembly by quick disconnect fittings which include heat insulating actuator rings. The filter assembly includes a filter intake pipe having a filter shoe mounted transversely thereto, a plenum grid which fits over the filter intake pipe and is detachably secured to the filter shoe, and a filter bag which fits over the plenum grid and is clamped between the plenum grid and filter shoe to effect a filter bag seal. The filter assembly is provided with a heat insulating handle to facilitate removing it when hot for filter bag replacement.

Abstract: A process for the production of an edible product of the butter or margarine type, which comprises thoroughly mixing a medium containing fats and an aqueous medium having a viscosity of from 2000 to 20,000 centipoises, as measured at a temperature between 20.degree. C and 30.degree. C, at a temperature in the range from about 15.degree. to 45.degree. C, resulting directly in the formation of an emulsion of the water-in-oil type which represents the edible product of the butter or margarine type.Application to the production of an edible product having a fat content of from 35% to 90%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for cutting various materials and more specifically pieces of wood.The apparatus according to the invention, comprises a table and a pressure plate between which is held a piece of wood to be cut. The said table and the said plate are supported by a drum connected to a rotary driving device, equipped with radial forward movement devices. The cutting device also comprises a cutting tool installed in such a way that its knife acts on the piece of wood in accordance with a constant cutting radius.The process and apparatus of the invention are applicable to the cutting of various materials and more particularly pieces of wood, with a view to obtaining thin planar products, calibrated in thickness, of excellent quality and of perfect appearance.

Abstract: A manufacturing bench for molded construction elements is disclosed comprising molds whose bottom walls are defined by an elongated table and whose lateral walls are constituted at least in part by flexible blades placed edgewise on the table which are held taut. The lateral walls are longitudinally displaceable.

Abstract: A ceramic or refractory product is placed in a sounding cavity close to but spaced from an opposing member and they are heated to a predetermined temperature to sinter or melt said product by subjecting them to the action of a hyperfrequential electromagnetic field. The opposing member is formed from a material having dielectric losses higher than those of said product in the temperature range below said predetermined temperature so that the intensity of the field will be increased locally in the immediate vicinity of the surface area of said product opposed to said member and that area will be exposed to thermic radiation from the opposing member and be protected by that member from thermic losses.

Abstract: A process and machine are described for the continuous production of reinforced concrete blocks in which a reinforcement member is cut and formed, positioned in an area of a molding station, a divided mold cavity is then defined about the reinforcement member and a paired block formed about the reinforcement member by introduction into the molding cavity of a hot slurry of cement fluid. The paired block thus formed is advanced on a pallet about circular conveyor means, passing through a curing area and ejection station where the cured block is removed from the pallet and the pallet returned to the molding station.

Abstract: A long concrete unit, prestressed by tendons tensioned before concreting, at least one section of which, near the end of the said unit, is submitted to maximum loads, characterized by the fact that at least one improved-bond prestressing tendon is surrounded by spirals located on either side of the zone of maximum tensile stress.

Abstract: A method of non-destructively testing materials comprises directing an incident beam of ultrasonic waves onto the surface of a material and detecting the beam reflected by the surface, the angle of incidence and the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves being detected, and the critical angle of incidence at which the energy of the reflected beam passes through a minimum being determined for at least two different wavelengths. A curve is then prepared showing how the critical angle or a quantity dependent thereon varies with the wavelength or a quantity dependent thereon. Apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a goniometer for transmitting the incident ultrasonic beam and detecting the reflected beam, means for varying the angle of incidence of the beam, means for varying the wavelength of the waves, and means for determining the critical angles of incidence. The invention is applicable inter alia to the testing of tempered steel components.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out the process for solubilizing a suspension of casein in powder form in an aqueous medium, the casein suspension containing at most 270 g of casein per liter of aqueous medium, which comprises leaving the casein suspension to age for at least 10 minutes, after which a solubilizing agent is progressively added to this suspension until a homogeneous solution is obtained.Application to acid casein, the solubilizing agent being an alkaline agent. Application to phosphocalcic and rennet caseins, the solubilizing agent being a calcium-complexing agent.

Abstract: In the post-stressing of concrete structures, a tendon comprised of a plurality of elongated strands is formed by inserting elongated strands which will eventually form the tendon into a plurality of parking ducts and then withdrawing the plurality of strands simultaneously as a group from the parking ducts and into the duct of the structure to be post-stressed without fouling and jamming. Once in the ducts of the structure, the strands are anchored and post-tensioned as a tendon to develop the desired stress.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and device for cutting a bundle of irradiated nuclear fuel tubes so as to cut the fuel into pieces of a suitable length for subsequent operation.According to the invention the fuel tubes are moved from the storage pond by manipulating means to the store of the cutting machine. Means is provided for detecting the position of the bottom end of the bundle with respect to a cutting section in the cutter by means of a movable reference plate so as to enable the bundle to be moved to an operative position in which the first cut can be made in the immediate neighborhood of the base spigot. The arrangement also includes means for moving the bundle forwards while adjusting its position between two cutting operations.

Abstract: An enzymatically active product insoluble in aqueous medium is prepared by treating chitosan as an inert support with a dialdehyde, after which an enzyme is fixed to the support thus treated. The chitosan may be in powder-form or in flake-form, for example obtained by fragmenting a film of anhydrous chitosan. The enzymatically active product insoluble in aqueous medium may be treated with a compound containing an amino group and/or with a reducing reagent. The product may be freeze dried optionally in the presence of twice its weight of mannitol.

Abstract: A removable stopper for a screw-neck bottle. The bottle has a radial projection arranged transverse to the thread forming a stop at the lower end of the thread. The stopper has a mating internal thread also having a terminal transverse radial projection at the lower end thereof. A second transverse radial projection spaced from and parallel to the terminating projection is formed on the stopper inner wall. The second projection resides on a weakened portion of the stopper wall to permit it to flex radially and pass over the transverse projection on the bottle neck when either applied to or removed from the bottle. The bottle neck projection is closely confined between the two projections on the stopper when in engaged position.

Abstract: A mold-locking or catching device which comprises a support on one mold half or part, a bellows anchored to this support at one side of the bellows, a hook engageable with the rim of the other mold half or part and carried by the other side of the bellows and means for swinging the hook laterally into and out of engagement with the rim of the other mold half when the bellows is activated by fluid pressure or depressurized respectively.