Abstract: In a method for manufacturing internally and/or externally profiled rings from pipe material or solid material, machine-cutting processes and forming processes are combined with one another sequentially, parallel, or sequentially and parallel, wherein one of the forming processes is roll forming. During roll forming a counterforce is generated relative to a flow direction of the starting material so that a material flow in at least one of an axial direction and a radial direction of the starting material is controlled such that flowing material is integrated into a profile to be shaped on the ring.

Abstract: The invention relates a method for gas-shielded metal-arc welding during the re-strike during the welding process. It is object of the invention to provide a gas-shielded metal-arc welding method to permit as low an energy intake as possible in the short-circuit phase for the arc welding. According to the invention, this object is solved by a method, characterized in that at the beginning of a short-circuit, a control is activated and remains active for the duration of the short-circuit, which increases an energy intake (phase A) when a characteristic threshold value S1 is fallen short of, and terminates the energy intake when a threshold value S2 is reached, and than lowers the energy intake (phase B).

Abstract: A pressure-supercharged fluidized-bed gasification chamber has a pressure-tight lock for supplying the feed materials which are to be gasified. The fluidized-bed gasification chamber is connected to a filter chamber via a connecting channel, with the result that the gas produced can flow over from the fluidized-bed gasification chamber into the filter chamber, where it is directed through the filter layer. An external heat source provides the necessary heat for the allothermic gasification. A heat-pipe arrangement directs the heat from the external heat source into the gasification bed of the fluidized-bed gasification chamber, in order to provide the temperature which is necessary for the gasification.

Abstract: A method and a device for determining the velocity of a mass flow of powdered/granular bulk material in a conduit (1). Periodic disturbances are introduced into the mass flow that affect its electrical properties at at least one first point of the conduit (“point of disturbance”) (SST). Using an electrode mechanism (ME1 . . . ME6) an electrical current is produced by the mass flow at at least one second measuring point situated downstream of the point of disturbance (“measuring point”) (MST), and temporarily occurring changes of the current based on the disturbances introduced upstream are measured via an evaluation circuit (REV). The speed of the mass flow is determined from the time dependency between measured changes and introduced disturbance.

Abstract: A metallic object has a coating made of a thin metal oxide layer and nucleic acids or nucleic acid derivatives bonded thereto. The nucleic acid compounds have 5?-terminal or 3?-terminal molecule areas that are incorporated stably into the metal oxide layer. The unincorporated areas of the nucleic acid compounds that are not incorporated into the metal oxide layer are freely accessible for subsequent interactions with other molecules such as complementary nucleic acids having active ingredients attached thereto.

Abstract: An optical component for effecting frequency selective reflection in the gigahertz and terahertz frequency ranges and for effecting wave permeability includes at least one first layer (1, 3, 5) made of a first material (m1). The first material is optically permeable to electromagnetic radiation of a reference frequency (f) between 5 gigahertz (GHz) and 10 terahertz (THz) and has a first refractive index (n1) and an optical thickness of approximately one-fourth the wavelength (?) of the electromagnetic radiation of the reference frequency (f) in the first material (m1).

Abstract: A two-layered anode (1?) has a lower layer (2) including a non-conductive carrier material to which a conductive electrode layer (3?) is applied. Non-conductive areas, formed by partial removal of the electrode layer, have a predetermined structure corresponding to the structure of a structured polymer film (11) to be formed. The anode (1?) is connected with a platinum cathode in an electrolyte into which compounds of low molecular weight, preferably monomers of the polymer film (11), are introduced. During current flow, a conductive polymer film (11) of the predetermined structure is formed on conductive areas brought into contact with the electrolyte. A non-conductive substrate layer (13) is applied to the structured polymer film (11). The structured polymer film (11) adheres to the non-conductive substrate layer (13) and can be released from the electrode (1?) without damaging the electrode.

Abstract: Complex distributed systems with basic components (B) which have data processing program modules and/or electronic circuit modules that exchange data with each other have their timing behavior analyzed based on the timing behavior of individual basic components (B) and transformation functions derived from event model classes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a process for taking up particles, in particular particles of oil, algae or dirt, from a water surface (2). A hull structure (1) is moved over the water surface (2). In this case, a flow (6) of water laden with particles is produced in the region of a bottom surface (7) of the hull structure (1). The flow (6) is broken away or interrupted along a vortexing edge (13) in the region of the bottom hull-structure surface (7), with the result that a vortex flow (14) is produced for at least some of the particle-laden water. The vortex flow (14) passes into a vortex flow space (15). With the aid of localizing means, the vortex flow (14) is localized in a separation section (23) of the vortex flow space (15), with the result that particles of the particle-laden water which are picked up by the vortex flow (14) can be separated from the separation section (23).

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for screening for a compound that affects interaction between a Toll-like receptor (TLR) and a ligand for the TLR. The methods involve direct measurement of interaction using, for example, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), particularly under conditions of pH that mimic those of the TLR in vivo. Compounds identified using the methods of the invention may be useful in the development of agents useful in the treatment of conditions characterized by undesirable immune activation, e.g., autoimmunity, inflammation, allergy, asthma, and transplantation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structure assembled from elements, the elements forming an entity with topological interlocking.

Abstract: A scaffold for tissue culture and cell culture and for producing implant materials, in particular bone, cartilage or skin replacements or extra-corporal organ replacements or for other applications in medicine or biotechnology is made of biocompatible materials. It has at least one base material which is electrostatically flocked with fibers on at least one side. Through the electrostatic flocking the fibers are arranged almost perpendicularly on the surface of the base material and exhibits a high fiber pull-out resistance. The scaffold provides an elastic growth lattice, which is stable against compression, for cell colonization in vitro or the ingrowth of cells in vivo. Implants or implant materials can be produced with the scaffold.

Abstract: Ceramic molds are produced by sintering selected portions of a ceramic material with a laser beam to form the mold. The process involves application of at least one layer of a liquid suspension or plastic mass, drying the applied layer, and sintering the dried layer with the laser beam at selected areas to form the mold.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the properties of a material, that is to be examined, by applying a swept-frequency high frequency signal and measuring a reflection factor of the resonance signal. The apparatus has a microwave supply conductor for feeding the high frequency signal, a sensor waveguide that is coupled to the microwave supply conductor, a helical conductor that is arranged inside the sensor waveguide, and an intermediate layer between a first end of the sensor waveguide and the helical conductor. Typically, the sensor waveguide is cylindrical and the helical conductor is supported centrally therein along the longitudinal axis of the sensor waveguide by a support that is part of the intermediate layer. A coupling layer is provided between the helical conductor and the material to be examined in the region of a second end face of the sensor waveguide.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polygalacturonides as food additives, said polygalacturonides being obtainable via the following process steps:

Abstract: In a method for the separation of supercritical gas from substances dissolved in the gas with a membrane through which the gas passes while the substances dissolved in the gas is retained, a pore-free membrane of a polymer perfluoro-2,2-diemthyl-1,3-dioxole is used as a membrane in the separation process.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polygalacturonides as food additives, said polygalacturonides being obtainable via the following process steps: a) a pectinous plant material is subjected to a pectin extraction in aqueous solution; b) the solids are removed from the suspension obtained in step a), consisting of liquid phase including dissolved pectin and solids from the plant material; c) the pectin is precipitated from the liquid phase obtained in step b); d) the pectin obtained in step c) is dissolved in an aqueous solution and cleaved with purified endo-polygalacturonase; e) the polygalacturonides obtained in step d) are processed into a polygalacturonide preparation without using an additional separation step and without hydrolyzing ester groups that are present.

Abstract: A mechanism for the contactless gripping and positioning of a component having a planar peripheral edge region, including a sound producing device producing a pattern of levitation sound waves for keeping the component in suspension at a selected position. The sound producing device is configured wherein only the peripheral edge region of the component lies in the sound wave pattern to be acted upon thereby and is fixed in the sound wave pattern by Bernoulli forces. The total surface area of the sound producing device is less than the component's total surface area facing the sound producing device.

Abstract: A two-layered anode (1′) is used for the electrochemical polymerisation. The lower layer (2) consists of a non-conductive carrier material to which a conductive electrode layer (3′) is applied, the electrode layer being removed in part-areas in order to form non-conductive areas. the non-conductive areas have a predetermined structure which corresponds to the structure of the structured polymer film (11) to be formed. the anode (1′) is held together with a platinum cathode in an electrolyte into which compounds of low molecular weight, preferably monomers of the polymer film (11) to be formed, are introduced. A current flow is produced through the electrolyte via the anode (1′) and cathode. In the course of this a conductive polymer film (11) of the predetermined structure is formed on the conductive areas which are brought into contact with the electrolyte.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method for generating nucleation centers for the selective heterogeneous metal cluster growth on DNA molecules by employing metal complexes which are being bonded covalently to the bases of the DNA. The nucleation centers serve as preferred locations of chemical deposition of metals on the DNA from a solution so that clusters or thin metal films can be grown on the biological template without metallic deposition products being formed homogeneously in the solution. The method provides the possibility of controlling the metallization via the sequence of the employed DNA and is thus in principle sequence-specific.