Abstract: The present invention relates to a protocol tester and method for performing a test task relating to a specific protocol layer (E2) of a protocol stack in an apparatus to be tested where the specific protocol layer (E2) is superordinated to a higher-level protocol layer (E3) as a next higher protocol layer and is subordinated to a lower-level layer (E1) as a next lower layer. In the protocol tester there is inserted between the higher-level protocol layer (E3) and the lower-level layer (E1) a test layer into the protocol stack, the test layer in the protocol tester having the specific protocol layer (E2) and a complementary layer (ES).

Abstract: A method of reducing color smearing or color artifacts in a low resolution picture that is subjected to chrominance downsampling prior to display on a display device first upsamples the pixels in each row of the picture to double the picture width, then downsamples the chrominance values to produce a compressed data stream for transmission to the display device, and finally decompresses the compressed data stream for display. In order to maintain the aspect ration of the original picture, each doubled row may be repeated prior to transmission to the display device.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument and method for providing post-acquisition trigger control and presentation of associated waveforms on a display. An electrical signal under test is sampled and digitized, and stored in an acquisition memory as a data record. A display device draws a waveform associated with the signal under test. After the acquisition of the digital samples is stopped, a user selects trigger criteria using trigger controls such as a trigger level control. A trigger circuit detects a post-acquisition trigger event in the data record based on the trigger criteria causing an automatic adjustment of the waveform to conform to a time of the post-acquisition trigger event. One or more configurable trigger controls can be used to adjust a display of post-acquisition trigger events and waveforms. Upon resumption of the live-acquisition of data, the live waveform conforms to the newly selected trigger criteria as previewed during the post-acquisition mode.

Abstract: A frequency response measurement circuit includes a generation circuit operative to provide an input signal having a voltage and programmable frequency characteristics in response to a frequency control signal. A decision circuit is coupled to the generation circuit and is operative to sample the input signal at predetermined intervals in response to a sampling clock signal and determine the amplitude characteristics of the input signal relative to a variable threshold signal. A control circuit is coupled to the decision circuit, and is operative to determine the frequency response characteristics of the input signal at varying frequencies and threshold voltages in response to the frequency control signal.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting data packets to a wireless client is shown. The data packets are received by a wireless content switch in the wireless network. The wireless content switch determines a quality of service value for the wireless client. The wireless content switch assigns the priority of transmission for the data packet based on the assigned quality of service value. The data packet is transmitted according to the priority.

Abstract: A method useful for the characterization of a fixture splits a partially symmetric THRU structure into portions which may then be mathematically removed from both ports of a 2-port measured structure, leaving only the desired device under test (DUT).

Abstract: A measurement indicator, “transfer efficiency,” is provided for evaluating conditions of propagation paths of wireless communication systems having a plurality of transmitting and receiving antennas. Transfer functions of signal paths are calculated from data of received signals that are obtained with receiving antennas by receiving OFDM signals transmitted by transmitting antennas. A demodulation matrix is calculated for demodulating a transmitting vector from a receiving vector concerning a desired subcarrier of the received signals. A noise amplification factor is calculated as a square root of a sum of second powers of components of the demodulation matrix of the receiving antennas concerning the desired transmitting antenna. The noise amplification factor or the inverse is displayed as a value or as a graph that has an axis concerning the subcarrier and an axis concerning the noise amplification factor or the inverse.

Abstract: A new methodology for the measurement of the S-parameters of a high impedance probe allows obtaining a full two port S-parameter set for the high impedance probe. The measured probe S-parameters are then used for characterization of probes. An alternative method characterizes half of the fixture and termination as a one-port network and expanding it into a two-port error box. The two-port error box is then cascaded with the probe input.

Abstract: Subjectively weighting noise measurements for multiple video formats based upon a defined standard for a standard definition video format uses a ratio between the active line time for the standard definition video format and the active line time for another video format to be measured in order to rescale a unified weighting filter for the standard definition video format for the another video format.

Abstract: A capacitance-type liquid measuring probe 10 includes two concentric metallic tubes 12 and 14 extending downwardly into a tank of oil. The concentric metallic tubes 12 and 14 form the plates of a capacitor. The probe 10 measures the oil level in the tank during jet engine testing by detecting a change in electrical capacitance between the two concentric metallic tubes 12 and 14, the capacitance change being caused by a change in the level of the oil. The measuring circuitry 30 includes thermal compensating resistors and a temperature-stabilized detector. The measurement electronic circuit package is separately-housed and connected to the probe 10 via a cable 44 so that the circuitry 30 can be located remotely from the hot environment in which the probe 10 operates.

Abstract: An eye violation and excess jitter trigger for a digital signal uses a mask within a unit interval of the digital signal, such as a rectangular mask having corners defined by a high threshold, a low threshold, an early clock and a late clock, the early and late clocks being derived from a reference clock. The reference clock may be a recovered clock derived from the digital signal or from high and low threshold comparator outputs, or may be an external clock. For the excess jitter trigger, which is a special case of the eye violation trigger, the high and low thresholds are essentially equal. A status of the digital signal with respect to the mask is determined using the high and low thresholds and the early and late clocks, and a violation signal is output when the status indicates that a portion of the digital signal crossed into the mask. The violation signal may then be used to trigger data acquisition or for other purposes.

Abstract: A ball-bump bonded ribbon-wire interconnect has a ball-bump attached to an integrated circuit's bond pad. A ribbon-wire has one end attached to the ball-bump and its opposing end attached to a substrate's metallized surface. The ribbon-wire may be wider than the ball-bump, and the ball-bump may separate the ribbon-wire from the integrated circuit's surface. The ribbon-wire may interconnect multiple integrated circuits, each of which has a ball-bump or a suitably wide metallized surface, to a substrate's metallized surface. The present invention also includes a method of electrically connecting an electronic component to a substrate.

Abstract: A robust video temporal method for registration between test and reference video sequences without a priori knowledge of the respective signal parameters initially produces frame and subimage distillation measurements from the test and reference video sequences. The frame distillation measurements are linearly aligned using a local Pearson's cross-correlation coefficient (LPCCC) image to obtain a best alignment line, each pixel of which represents an LPCCC cross-correlation coefficient between frames of the test and reference video sequences. For each pixel of the best alignment line that is below a threshold, a vertical search is performed in the LPCCC image for a higher cross-correlation coefficient as the best cross-correlation coefficient to achieve temporal mapping between frames of the test and reference video sequences.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument includes an input terminal to receive a signal, acquisition circuitry to capture a plurality of triggered acquisitions, trigger circuitry to cause a trigger event responsive to trigger criteria, and a controller to dynamically reconfigure the trigger criteria between triggered acquisitions. The controller is configured to dynamically reconfigure the trigger criteria from the first set of trigger criteria to subsequent sets of trigger criteria between each of the triggered acquisitions. A method is disclosed for scanning information associated with an initial triggered acquisition and, depending on the nature of the scanned information, dynamically adjusting the next or any subsequent set of trigger criteria.

Abstract: A method and device for measuring a signal of a die to be placed within a package is disclosed. At least one die as a Device Under Test (DUT) is mounted on a substrate and a chip-type measurement instrument is mounted on the substrate, or embedded into the substrate, wherein the instrument analyzes and/or processes the signal of the DUT and may provide stimulus signal to the DUT. The substrate having the DUT and the measurement instrument is mounted on a circuit board that has plural electrodes to be connected to the signal paths of the DUT and the instrument. An electrode is coupled to a standard interface port to provide the signal of the chip-type instrument to an external instrument.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention use one or more tunable lasers to produce colors for display. The resultant displays may use one or more tunable lasers in conjunction with one or more static lasers, or in conjunction with conventional static color-producing technology. In such systems, colors from input video are determined, then Look Up Tables or other methods may be used to convert the input colors into signals used to drive the fixed and tunable lasers. These color-producing elements are then projected on a screen or otherwise used within a display for viewing. The resultant display has the capability of producing every or nearly every possible color discernable by the human eye.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product are disclosed for monitoring a telecommunications network that comprises a plurality of Mobility Management Entity (MME) nodes and a plurality of evolved UTRAN NodeB (eNodeB) nodes coupled by S1-MME interfaces. A Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) association identifier is assigned to an SCTP association between interconnected MME and eNodeB nodes. Specific S1-MME messages allow discovering the MME nodes and the eNodeB nodes with their network identifiers, identifying the connections between them and populating proper tables for this topology information.

Abstract: A blanking primitive masking circuit has a detection and handling circuit that receives data containing blanking primitives. The detection and handling circuit generates a dynamic blanking signal when blanking primitives are detected. The received data is delayed and provided to a pattern detector that generates a synchronization signal provided to a memory and a phase sync signal provided to the detection and handling circuit and to a comparator. The comparator receives reference data from the memory, the delayed data, and the dynamic blanking signal. The comparator compares the reference data with the delayed data and generates bit error outputs from mismatched reference data bits and delayed data bits when the dynamic blanking signal from the detection and handling circuit is absent and suppressing the generation bit error outputs when the blanking primitive are in the delay data and the dynamic blanking signal is present.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product monitors the operation of a telecommunications network and receives source metadata at a metadata comparator. The source metadata is associated with data captured from a source in a telecommunications network. Target metadata associated with target data is also received at the metadata comparator. The source and target metadata are compared to identify metadata parameters that match or do not match. Bias data is also received at the metadata comparator. The bias data comprises weighting parameters and/or tolerance parameters. The weighting and tolerance parameters correspond to selected metadata parameters.