Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise functionalized lactone derivatives having a disease-modifying action in the treatment of diseases associated with dysregulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 activity.

Abstract: A method of inactivating a proviral DNA integrated into the genome of a host cell latently infected with a retrovirus by treating the host cell with a composition comprising a Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease, and two or more different guide RNAs (gRNAs), wherein each of the at least two gRNAs is complementary to a different target nucleic acid sequence in a long terminal repeat (LTR) in the proviral DNA, and inactivating the proviral DNA. A composition for use in inactivating a proviral DNA integrated into the genome of a host cell latently infected with a retrovirus including isolated nucleic acid sequences comprising a CRISPR-associated endonuclease and a guide RNA, wherein the guide RNA is complementary to a target sequence in a human immunodeficiency virus.

Abstract: Small molecule inhibitors of bacterial ribonuclease (e.g., RnpA) and methods for their synthesis and use are described herein. The methods of using the compounds include treating and preventing microbial infections and inhibiting bacterial ribonuclease.

Abstract: Methods for identifying disease-specific markers, in particular breast cancer markers, by electrophoretically separating serum albumin complexes in a biological sample on a membrane are provided. Electrophoretic separation profiles representing different diseases or different cancer stages can be produced, and used in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of these diseases. Methods for identification of a cancer peptide fragment comprising a cancer peptide motif are provided. Also provided are breast cancer and other cancer markers and antibodies that specifically recognize these markers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a chocolate product. The method includes delivering liquid chocolate having a viscosity through a pipe along a delivery path to a production station for producing the chocolate product. The liquid chocolate includes solid particles suspended within the liquid chocolate. The method changes the viscosity of the liquid chocolate by applying an electric field to the liquid chocolate in a direction along the delivery path of a strength and duration determined to aggregate the suspended solid particles into streamlined shapes extending along the direction of the delivery path.

Abstract: Compounds are provided having agonistic activity against G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35). The compounds are useful for providing antinociception, providing neuroprotection in case of stroke or ischemia, or treating gastric inflammation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting injury to the brain comprising: a) determining the level of a tight junction (TJ) protein in exosomes isolated from a test sample from a subject, wherein the TJ protein is occludin, claudin-3, claudin-5, claudin-12, ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3, JAM-A, JAM-B or JAM-C, or any combination thereof; b) comparing the level of the TJ protein in the test sample to the level of the TJ protein in a control sample, wherein an elevated level of the TJ protein in the test sample relative to the level of the TJ protein in the control sample indicates that the subject has an injury to the brain.

Abstract: A method for determining whether early stage cancer is present in a subject comprises detecting the expression level of GASP-1 in the subject by detecting the amount of GASP-1 peptide fragments present in a biological sample of the subject. Because cancer can be detected at an early stage, therapeutic targeting may be initiated before cancer reaches late stage (e.g., before the development of overt symptoms). A method for treating early stage cancer in a subject comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a GASP-1 inhibitor to inhibit the progression of early stage cancer to late stage cancer. A Competitive ELISA capable of detecting GASP-1 peptide fragments at a concentration of less than 1 ng/ml was developed.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of detection and monitoring of polyomavirus reactivation and active polyomavirus infections using a biological fluid sample. Also provided are methods of risk assessment and risk monitoring of developing a polyomavirus-associated disease.

Abstract: Functionalized bis-peptides as well as other amide-containing compounds are obtained by acylation of hindered amines. The functionalized bis-peptides are useful as shape-programmable nanostructures that are immune to denaturation and that contain arrays of functional groups having designed catalytic, protein-binding and/or sensor capabilities.

Abstract: Provided is a method for diagnosing and/or staging COPD based on detection of one or more histone proteins. In some embodiments, the histone protein is an H3.3 protein comprising a post-translational modification. In some embodiments, the histone protein is H2B, H3, H3.3 or H4. Kits for practicing the methods of diagnosis and/or staging are provided as well. Further provided is a method for treating COPD.

Abstract: Apparatus, computer readable medium, and a method for interacting with a user on a computer for displaying grants, the method comprising displaying grants with an icon indicating a balance of the grant; and in response to a selection of one of the displayed grants comprising transactions by the user, displaying transactions of the selected grant in a row comprising a column for transactions that lower the balance, a column for transactions that raise the balance, and a column for the balance, and displaying an icon for the column for transactions that lowers the balance and an icon for the column for transactions that raises the balance. The method may comprise retrieving credits and debits and displaying in the column for transactions that lower the balance, credits and debits that lower the balance, and displaying in the column for transactions that raise the balance, credits and debits that raise the balance.

Abstract: Provided is a silica particle coated with ?-cyclodextrin, wherein said cyclodextrin is attached to said silica particle via at least one crosslinking agent and/or at least one copolymer. Also provided are methods of removing contaminants from a flowing or stationary liquid phase comprising the step of contacting said liquid phase with the silica particle coated with ?-cyclodextrin.

Abstract: The invention provides an isolated nucleic acid having a sequence encoding a spermidine/spermine acetyltransferase (“SSAT”), wherein translation of an mRNA comprising the encoded SSAT has increased basal translation and increased stimulated translation, compared to a wild-type mRNA encoding SSAT. Methods of use for the nucleic acid are also provided. Methods and compositions are also provided for reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury in organs or tissue for transplantation.

Abstract: Compounds useful as antiproliferative agents according to formula (I): wherein Ar1, Ar2, Ar3, m and n are as defined herein, salts, antibody conjugates, pharmaceutical compositions, methods of treatment, and synthetic methods are provided.

Abstract: Provided is a method for seed priming comprising the steps of treating seed with a seed priming composition comprising sieved compost, hydrogel and water in a ratio of sieved compost:hydrogel:water of from about 5:1:4.75 to about 9:1:11 by weight in an amount sufficient to result in priming of the seed. In some embodiments, the seed is treated with from about 2 to about 39 grams of the seed priming composition per gram of seed. In preferred embodiments, the seed composition and the seed priming composition are free of soil or sand. In further preferred embodiments, the seed is blended with the seed priming composition at a temperature of about 5° C. to about 25° C.

Abstract: Compositions and kits useful for the treatment of myocardial infarction comprise (i) P-selectin-targeted carriers (e.g., P-selectin-targeted liposomes, quantum dots or biodegradable nanoparticles) comprising VEGF and (ii) MSCs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to Formula I: and salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, Ar, and n are as defined herein. Methods for preparing compounds of Formula I are also provided. The present invention further includes methods of treating cellular proliferative disorders, such as cancer, with the compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: Short peptide mimetics of adiponectin suitable for development as pharmaceutical agonists in the treatment of cellular proliferative disorders such as cancer and atherosclerosis are provided.

Abstract: The methods described herein are based on the discovery that the plasma level of a panel of specific proteins differs between two subject populations: 1) subjects at risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“COPD”) but not manifesting clinical symptoms of COPD; and 2) subjects having very severe COPD. The difference in plasma levels is statistically significant for each protein. The identification of these proteins thus facilitates susceptibility detection, early disease detection, disease severity assessment, disease progression monitoring, and therapy efficacy monitoring.