Abstract: The present invention provides a method for analyzing gases such as carbon dioxide, and includes passing a gas stream containing impurities into a gas adsorption means for a length of time at ambient or higher temperatures to adsorb the impurities therein, stopping the flow of the gas stream, and desorbing and analyzing the impurities using a detector.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a gas curtain assembly which comprises at least one structure of substantially vertical tubes on both sides of and supporting a vertical tube, forming an interconnected frame comprising at least one row of apertures for gas or fluid to pass through and forming a curtain of gas or fluid under the vertical portion of the assembly.

Abstract: Multi compressor systems and apparatuses for the manufacture, storage and dispensing of manufactured hydrogen fuel to hydrogen vehicle tanks or remote mobile refuelers are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of gas-containing storage vessels, and more specifically to the provision for antimicrobial surfaces within such vessels and in the connecting hardware associated with various applications of such vessels, so that microbial colonization of the interior of such vessels may be eliminated or retarded. This antimicrobial feature may result in improved safety in the use of such vessels, with reduced risk of the transmission of infection to a user. The invention further includes methods to provide gas-containing storage vessels with antimicrobial surfaces, so that microbial colonization of the interior of such vessels may be eliminated or retarded.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of gas-containing storage vessels, and more specifically to the provision for antimicrobial surfaces within such vessels and in the connecting hardware associated with various applications of such vessels, so that microbial colonization of the interior of such vessels may be eliminated or retarded. This antimicrobial feature may result in improved safety in the use of such vessels, with reduced risk of the transmission of infection to a user. The invention further includes methods to provide gas-containing storage vessels with antimicrobial surfaces, so that microbial colonization of the interior of such vessels may be eliminated or retarded.

Abstract: A method for the efficient conversion of heavy oil to distillates using sequential hydrocracking in the presence of both supported and colloidal catalyst immediately followed by a high temperature-short residence time thermal treatment. The hydrocracker reaction products or a heavy oil and hydrogen donor diluent may be advantageously heated by direct contact with high velocity combustion products.

Abstract: A process derived hydrogen donor solvent is used to increase the maximum resid conversion and conversion rate in an ebullated bed resid hydrocracker. The hydrogen donor solvent precursor is produced by hydroreforming reactions within the resid hydrocracker, recovered as the resin fraction from a solvent deasphalting unit, regenerated in a separate hydrotreater reactor, and recycled to the ebullated bed resid hydrocracker. The major advantage of this invention relative to earlier processes is that hydrogen is more efficiently transferred to the resin residual oil in the separate hydrotreater and the hydrogen donor solvent effectively retards the formation of coke precursors at higher ebullated bed resid hydrocracker operating temperatures and resid cracking rates.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for surface crust freezing of a food product utilizes a refrigeration shell enclosing a freezing chamber, the freezing chamber having a cavity shaped to substantially accommodate the shape of the exterior surface of the food product; the cavity communicating with the refrigeration shell; a transport substrate to carry the food product into the freezing chamber; a cryogen supply; and a gas circulation device in the refrigeration shell in communication with the cryogen supply to introduce a cooling flow of gas containing cryogen into the cavity so as to contact the food product along its exterior surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method for purifying carbon dioxide. Moisture, sulfur species and other impurities are removed from the carbon dioxide by a series of steps which include adsorption means and reaction means. All the steps are preferably carried out in a single vessel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing hydrogen by passing a hydrocarbon-containing gas over a ceramic monolith at a temperature sufficient to produce hydrogen; and passing an oxygen-containing gas over the ceramic monolith at a temperature sufficient to react with the carbon on the ceramic monolith and to produce carbon monoxide. The process is performed cyclically using one or more beds in a manner such that hydrogen is produced followed by carbon monoxide production.

Abstract: A gear assembly for transmitting torque from one shaft to another comprises two intermeshing gears mounted on respective shafts. One of the gears comprises a hub member for receiving one of the shafts, a toothed annular member mounted for rotation with the hub member. At least one spring provided between the hub member and the annular member has stiffness capable of reducing torsional vibrations and noise induced during rotation of the gears by the eccentricity of at least one of the gears.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method and apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide. Sulfur species are efficiently and effectively removed from the carbon dioxide by a series of steps which include heater/heat exchange means, impurity adsorption means and cooling means.

Abstract: Methods and systems enable reuse of water in processing of animals into food. In one method, water used in processing of animals into food is received. The water is treated so as to convert the water into a treated from capable of being reused in the processing of the animals into food. The treating includes reducing the amount of solid particles in the water and adding gas to the water. The treated water is provided to be used in the food processing.

Abstract: A method for optimizing an ore beneficiation flotation process through which a comminuted ore slurry, which includes a sulphide mineral, passes to produce a final flotation concentrate and a final flotation tail. The method comprises measuring oxygen demand in two or more locations in one or more of ore slurry, the final flotation concentrate and the final flotation tail, the locations being based on the potential for oxygen demand in the locations to be significantly different from each other, which would indicate that sulphide mineral particle oxidation can be manipulated. If sulphide mineral particle oxidation can be manipulated, flotation of the sulphide mineral is either promoted or suppressed (activated or deactivated) by manipulation of sulphide mineral particle oxidation depending on whether or not the sulphide mineral includes a valuable metal.

Abstract: A metallurgical lance for introducing gas into a volume of molten material in a furnace includes a head having a bore extending therethrough, a mounting assembly at the head in the bore, and a nozzle detachably secured to the mounting assembly by a connection, the nozzle adapted to coact with a tool releasably engagable with the nozzle to insert and withdraw same from the lance head through the bore without dismantling the nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production, shipment, and treatment of a NH4F(HF)x feedstock for local production of fluorine and NF3 for semiconductor chamber cleaning without the need for storage of large quantities of dangerous feeds and intermediate products.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a process for producing carbon monoxide. A feed gas stream of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide is directed to a membrane unit which separates the feed gas stream into two streams. The stream containing carbon monoxide is directed to second membrane unit for further purification and the steam containing the carbon dioxide and hydrogen is fed to a reverse shift reactor to produce more carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide recovered from the reverse shift reactor is purified in a third membrane unit and directed back to the first membrane unit and is further purified and recovered as additional carbon monoxide product.

Abstract: Composites and methods useful for oxygen sorption and other uses are presented, the composites comprising: (A) one or more crystalline ceramic oxides selected from compounds within general formula (1): AxA?x?ByB?y?O3-? and ??(1) (B) one or more crystalline ceramic oxides selected from compounds within general formulas (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), and (8): A2BO4-???(2) A2B2O5-???(3) AO(ABO3-?)n??(4) AM2Cu3O7-???(5) Bi4V2(1-x)Me2xO11-3x,??(6) A?B?O3??(7) A2B2O7-?.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for oxygen sorption and other uses are presented, the compositions A composite material comprising components (A) and (B), wherein component (A) is selected from crystalline ceramic materials capable of forming a stable, reversible perovskite crystal phase at elevated temperatures (T>500° C.), and combinations thereof, and component (B) comprises a metal selected from rhodium (Rh), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), nickel (Ni) and silver (Ag), and combinations and alloys of these metals.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods useful for removal or reduction of moisture from fluids are described. In one embodiment the apparatus comprises a moisture separation unit comprising a thermally regenerable moisture adsorption material having feed and waste sides, and means for regenerating the thermally regenerable moisture adsorption material. The feed fluid contacts the feed side, while a dry, preferably heated purge gas flows past the waste side. The thermally regenerable moisture adsorption material is regenerated by contacting with the heated dry purge gas. The apparatus and methods are particularly useful in supplying dehydrated electronic specialty gases to semiconductor tools.