Abstract: An acidic, aqueous oxidant including ionized bromate, iodate and a soluble vanadium-containing material.

Abstract: Compounds are prepared which correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a nitrogen containing heterocyclic radical corresponding to one of the formulae ##STR2## each X independently represents chloro, fluoro, bromo, nitro, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, amino, mono- or dialkylamino wherein each alkyl group independently contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylthio of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylsulfinyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkylsulfonyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, phenoxy or substituted phenoxy of the formula ##STR3## wherein each Z independently represents chloro, fluoro, bromo, nitro, cyano, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylthio of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when either n is 2 or 3, all X groups are sterically compatible with each other and all Z groups are sterically compatible with each other; Y represents oxygen or sulfur; each n can independently represent an integer of from 0 to 3, inclusive; R.sup.

Abstract: New epoxy resins are prepared by reacting a hydroxybenzamide or derivative thereof with an epihalo-hydrin followed by dehydrohalogenation. These epoxy resins have crystalline melting points, self-cure at elevated temperatures and cure rapidly in the presence of the usual epoxy resin curing agents. Also disclosed are hydrolyzed products of these epoxy resins and subsequent reactions with polyisocyanates.

Abstract: New epoxy resins are prepared by reacting a hydroxybenzamide or derivative thereof with an epihalohydrin followed by dehydrohalogenation. These epoxy resins have crystalline melting points, self-cure at elevated temperatures and cure rapidly in the presence of the usual epoxy resin curing agents. Also disclosed are hydrolyzed products of these epoxy resins and subsequent reactions with polyisocyanates.

Abstract: Elevated temperature distortion characteristics of freshly prepared olefin polymer foams are substantially improved by employing in the preparation thereof a small amount (e.g., from about 0.15 to about 10 weight percent based on the olefin polymer) of certain selected N-substituted fatty acid amide compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group of from 11 to 17 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 represents an alkyl group of from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Certain tetrahydrocarbyl phosphonium phenoxide salts are described herein which are novel compounds and/or novel catalysts for promoting the reaction between vicinal epoxides and phenols and/or carboxylic acids or anhydrides. These catalysts are particularly useful in preparing high molecular weight epoxy resins by the advancement reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with bisphenol A.

Abstract: Preparations and uses are shown for novel crystalline aluminates which conform generally to the empirical formulaMgA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 OwhereinA and Z represent negative-valence ions or radicals selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, halide, inorganic acid, and organic acid,n is a value of from about 1 to about 2,v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3,a and b each have values of from zero to 2, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, and withm being a value of zero or more.

Abstract: Preparations and uses are shown for novel crystalline aluminates which conform generally to the empirical formulaMgA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere A and Z represent negative-valence ions or radicals selected from the group comprising hydroxyl, halide, inorganic acid, and organic acid,n is a value of from about 1 to about 2,v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3,a and b each have values of from zero to 2,with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, andwith m being a value of zero or more.

Abstract: Crystalline transition metal aluminates conforming generally to the formulaMA.sub.a.sup.v Z.sub.b.sup.v.nAl(OH).sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere M is a transition metal having a valence charge of +2 selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni, where AZ represents negative valence ions or radicals, v is a negative valence of 1, 2, or 3, n is a value to provide a mol ratio of Al/M of at least 1/1, preferably at least 1.5/1, and m is an integer of from zero to the maximum for waters of hydration, with (va)+(vb) equal to 2, are prepared in alkaline aqueous medium wherein transition metal compounds are caused to form adducts with amorphous hydrous alumina, Al(OH).sub.3, said adducts forming crystals when heated, said aluminates being useful, e.g., as ion exchangers and as spinel precursors among other things.

Abstract: Cycloalphatic acrylate compositions and methods of making them are disclosed. The compositions are mixtures containing dicyclopentadiene (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylates such as the mono and di (meth) acrylates of tri, and tetracyclopentadiene and a mixture of the copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with adducts of cyclopentadiene with isoprene and/or piperylene and a mixture of poly (meth) acrylates having the repeating unit ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or ##STR2## R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CZ--C(O)--O-- Z is H, or methyln is 0, 1 or 2 andm is 0 or 1 and when m is 0 there isa double bond present.The compositions are useful to make crosslinkable blends with unsaturated resins or monomers and to make laminates.

Abstract: Cycloalphatic acrylate compositions and methods of making them are disclosed. The compositions are mixtures containing dicyclopentadiene (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylates such as the mono and di (meth) acrylates of tri, and tetracyclopentadiene and a mixture of the copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with adducts of cyclopentadiene with isoprene and/or piperylene and a mixture of poly (meth) acrylates having the repeating unit ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or ##STR2## R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CZ--C(O)--O-- Z is H, or methyln is 0, 1 or 2 andm is 0 or 1 and when m is 0 there is a double bond present.The compositions are useful to make cross-linkable blends with unsaturated resins or monomers and to make laminates.

Abstract: Disclosed are low density foam planks of ethylenic polymers, which planks have a density of from about 0.8 to about 1.6 pounds per cubic foot, dimensional stability, substantially closed-cell structure, a cross-sectional area of at least six square inches and a minimum cross-sectional dimension of at least 0.5 inch. Such foam planks are made from polyethylene resins (e.g., low density polyethylene) by release to lower pressure of a flowable, foamable gel under pressure, e.g., by extrusion foaming, wherein the gel comprises at least one polyethylene resin and at least one volatile blowing agent. The process of making such foam planks is particularly characterized by the improvement wherein the flowable gel is mixed sufficiently to disperse the blowing agent in the gel to an amount from about 13.5 to 35.times.10.sup.4 moles per gram of the ethylenic polymer and such process is especially beneficial in that it enables the preparation of substantially closed-cell polyethylene foams having densities of from 0.

Abstract: Small rotund magnesium (or Mg alloy) granules dispersed in a friable salt matrix are obtained by preparing a molten salt mixture containing molten magnesium (or Mg alloy), stirring to effect good dispersion, and cooling the molten mixture to effect freezing of the magnesium (or Mg alloy) as small rotund globules dispersed in a solid friable salt matrix.

Abstract: An extractant system comprising (a) a high molecular weight alkylaromatic sulfonic acid and (b) a chelating amine having a pKa of from about 3 to about 9 in a solvent which is essentially immiscible with water, said system being useful for the selective extraction of desired metals, e.g., cobalt, nickel or copper ions from aqueous acidic ore leach liquors.

Abstract: An improved catalyst suitable for the dehydration of an alkanolamine in the vapor phase to produce an alkylenimine which catalyst contains an oxide of niobium or tantalum. Optionally an alkaline earth oxide is employed as a promoter. The catalyst is generally used on an inert low surface area support at a concentration of less than 5% of the tantalum or niobium oxide and less than 0.5% of the promoter oxide.

Abstract: Epoxy resins having improved properties are prepared by reacting an epoxy resin with a dihydric phenol in the presence of a sufficient quantity of a phosphonium catalyst such that the product resulting from reacting a mixture of the catalyst, epoxy resin and dihydric phenol has a % epoxide difference from the theoretical percent epoxide of from about 0.5 to about 4.0.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of amide polymers, such as polyacrylamide when treated with small amounts of a water-soluble polyaldehyde and a hypohalite salt at an alkaline pH, react to form firm gels within a short time at ambient temperature. Such gels, which are stable under alkaline as well as acidic conditions, are usefully employed to plug porous subterranean formations, for grouting of leaking soil pipes or wells, and to otherwise render porous structures impermeable to the passage of liquids such as water.

Abstract: Cycloalphatic acrylate compositions and methods of making them are disclosed. The compositions are mixtures containing dicyclopentadiene (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylates such as the mono and di (meth) acrylates of tri, and tetracyclopentadiene and a mixture of the copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with adducts of cyclopentadiene with isoprene and/or piperylene and a mixture of poly (meth) acrylates having the repeating unit ##STR1## Where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or ##STR2## R.sup.2 is CH.sub.2 .dbd.CZ--C(O)--O-- Z is H, or methyln is 0, 1 or 2 andm is 0 or 1 and when m is 0 there isa double bond present.The compositions are useful to make cross-linkable blends with unsaturated resins or monomers and to make laminates.

Abstract: Derivatives of polyphosphoric acid partial esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is the remnant of a (poly)glycol monoether, phenol, or alkanol provided that in at least one occurrence R is the remnant of a (poly)glycol monoether, and M is a positive counterion of valence n are disclosed.

Abstract: .[.Aliphatic nitriles.]. .Iadd.Olefinic nitriles of three to six carbon atoms .Iaddend.are converted to the corresponding amides by contacting the nitrile in the presence of water with a cupreous catalyst containing copper prepared by reducing copper hydroxide or a copper salt.