Abstract: Polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures are provided which include a selectively emissive layer of a polymer or a polymer matrix composite material. Exemplary selective radiative cooling structures are in the form of a sheet, film or coating. Also provided are methods for removing heat from a body by selective thermal radiation using polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures, and a cold collection system comprising a plurality of the polymer-based selective radiative cooling structures.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an intracranial guide for use in a medical procedure, such as to evacuate a subdural hematoma or to relieve an intracerebral hemorrhage. The intracranial guide generally includes a guide cannula to be received within a portion of a cranial port. The cranial port is configured to be anchored in a burr hole to be formed in the patient's cranium. The guide cannula includes at least one channel that may be used to guide a catheter to a targeted portion of the patient's anatomy or to apply a suction force within the patient's cranium.

Abstract: Recent remarkable progress in wave-front shaping has enabled control of light propagation inside linear media to focus and image through scattering objects. In particular, light propagation in multimode fibers comprises complex intermodal interactions and rich spatiotemporal dynamics. Control of physical phenomena in multimode fibers and its applications is in its infancy, opening opportunities to take advantage of complex mode interactions. Various embodiments of the present technology provide wave-front shaping for controlling nonlinear phenomena in multimode fibers. Using a spatial light modulator at the fiber's input and a genetic algorithm optimization, some embodiments control a highly nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering cascade and its interplay with four wave mixing via a flexible implicit control on the superposition of modes that are coupled into the fiber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-based clinical decision support tools including, computer-implemented methods, computer systems, and computer program products for clinical decision support. These tools assist the clinician in identifying epilepsy patients who are candidates for surgery and utilize a combination of natural language processing, corpus linguistics, and machine learning techniques.

Abstract: A composition of matter consisting primarily of a stabilizing element and a transition metal oxide, wherein the transition metal oxide is an anti-ferromagnetic Mott insulator with strong spin orbit interactions, and the composition of matter has a canted crystal structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to a discovery of a method for using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve the stability of refractory materials in high temperature steam, and compositions produced by the method.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions and methods for promoting gas mixtures separations, such as a carbon dioxide and methane mixture. The composition of the invention is based on a curable polymerized room-temperature ionic liquid [poly(RTIL)].

Abstract: Embodiments of the instant disclosure relate to novel compositions and methods for treating a subject having genetic homocystinuria (HCU or other form of genetic homocystinuria). In some embodiments, compositions and methods disclosed herein concern improving efficacy of standard treatments (e.g. trimethylglycine) to reduce dietary compliance requirements and improve outcomes. In accordance with these embodiments, a subject having or suspected of developing classical cystathionine beta-synthase deficient homocystinuria (HCU) or other genetic form of homocystinuria can be treated with a polyamine or diamine or a precursor thereof or a combination thereof for example, in combination with trimethylglycine (e.g. betaine) or other genetic homocystinuria treatment.

Abstract: Methods and systems for in vivo classification of tissue are disclosed. The tissue is irradiated with light from multiple light sources and light scattered and fluoresced from the tissue is received. Distinct emissions of the sample are identified from the received light. An excitation-emission matrix is generated (1002). On-diagonal and off-diagonal components of the excitation-emission matrix are identified (1004, 1006, 1008). Spectroscopic measures are derived from the excitation-emission matrix (1014), and are compared to a database of known spectra (1016) permitting the tissue to be classified as benign or malignant (1018). An optical biopsy needle or an optical probe may be used to contemporaneously classify and sample tissue for pathological confirmation of diagnosis.

Abstract: An operational environment is disclosed herein that includes a cryogenic environment and a signal source. The cryogenic environment includes a signal target, an optical link, signal converter devices, and an electrical link. Outside of the cryogenic environment, the signal source generates an electric signal. An electric-to-optical converter converts the electrical signal into an optical signal. The optical link delivers the optical signal into the cryogenic environment. Inside the cryogenic environment, an optical-to-electrical converter converts the optical signal back into an electrical signal. The optical-to-electrical converter transfers the electric signal to the signal target.

Abstract: An overtube assembly for use with an elongate medical tool includes an overtube including a flexible tubular body having a proximal end and distal end. The flexible tubular body includes a split extending from the proximal end to the distal end. The overtube assembly further includes an inflatable balloon coupled to a distal portion of the flexible tubular body. The flexible tubular body is disposable over a section of the elongate medical tool by inserting the elongate medical tool through the split.

Abstract: High strain hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic transducers having increased maximum theoretical and practical strains are disclosed. In particular, the actuators include electrode configurations having a zipping front created by the attraction of the electrodes that is configured orthogonally to a strain axis along which the actuators. This configuration produces increased strains. In turn, various form factors for the actuator configuration are presented including an artificial circular muscle and a strain amplifying pulley system. Other actuator configurations are contemplated that include independent and opposed electrode pairs to create cyclic activation, hybrid electrode configurations, and use of strain limiting layers for controlled deflection of the actuator.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to X-ray detectors and more particularly to a system and a method for integrating an anti-scattering grid with scintillators to significantly enhance the performance of flat panel X-ray detector. In particular, the performance of a flat panel X-ray detector may be enhanced by photon counting detector pixels configured underneath the septa of a 2D antiscatter grid.

Abstract: Through discrimination of the scattered signal polarization state, a lidar system measures a distance through semi-transparent media by the reception of single or multiple scattered signals from a scattering medium. Combined and overlapped single or multiple scattered light signals from the medium can be separated by exploiting varying polarization characteristics. This removes the traditional laser and detector pulse width limitations that determine the system's operational bandwidth, translating relative depth measurements into the conditions of two surface timing measurements and achieving sub-pulse width resolution.

Abstract: A direct line-of-sight (DLOS) radio frequency (RF) signal component and a reflected RF signal component of an RF carrier signal are received from a transmitter. The reflected component is reflected from a point on the surface of the earth. The DLOS component is converted to a digital DLOS intermediate frequency (IF) signal and the reflected component that is converted to a digital reflected IF signal. Modeled reference signal parameters are generated using the digital DLOS IF signal and known locations of the one or more antennas, the transmitter, and the point. A reference signal is generated based on the modeled reference signal parameters and feedback of a previously estimated phase correction (??). The reference signal is correlated with the digital reflected IF signal to produce in-phase and quadrature-phase correlation results. Estimated carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) and ?? values are calculated for the digital reflected IF signal from the correlation results.

Abstract: A personal protective equipment (PPE) apparatus for patient donning during medical treatment is disclosed. The apparatus includes a portable frame and cover configured to surround the patient and mitigate the spread of airborne pathogens generated by the patient to the healthcare provider and surrounding environment.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology generally relate to reflection suppressors. More specifically, some embodiments use elastomeric materials doped with optical absorbers for temporary suppression of Fresnel reflections for multiple substrates spanning wide spectral and angular bandwidth. The refractive index of the elastomer can be tuned to match a substrate and thereby minimize reflection. Some embodiments can use the addition of different absorptive dopants to allow for either broadband or wavelength-selective reflection suppression. As performance is limited only by index mismatch, both spectral and angular performance significantly exceed that of anti-reflection coatings. After use, these light traps may be removed and reused without damaging the substrate. These films have uses in spectroscopic ellipsometry, holography, and lithography.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating melanoma, in a subject in need of such a treatment, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein X1 and X2 are as defined herein. Methods of the invention can further include administering other oncolytic agents and/or immunotherapy in treating a patient with melanoma.

Abstract: A bidirectional mode-locked fiber laser includes first and second passive optical fibers, a doped optical fiber, first and second polarization controllers, and first and second polarized beamsplitters that are arranged as a ring cavity with clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) directions. The laser imparts different nonlinear phase shifts in the CW and CCW directions, corresponding to CW and CCW repetition rates that are slightly different. When the normalized difference in repetition rates is less than approximately 10?5, both directions can be mode-locked simultaneously, thereby preventing one direction from inhibiting mode-locking of the other direction. Optical-fiber nonlinearity implements an intra-cavity bidirectional artificial saturable absorber based on nonlinear polarization rotation. The laser uses only components with normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD), thereby achieving higher pulse energies than mode-locked lasers utilizing negative GVD.

Abstract: Systems and methods for azimuthal multiplexing using three-dimensional diffractive optics An azimuthal optical multiplexing system includes a light source. The system includes two or more at least partially transparent plates. Each plate of the two or more plates has a structured or patterned surface positioned in an optical path of the light source. The system includes means for rotating at least one plate of the two or more plates axially with respect to at least one other plate of the two or more plates. The means for rotating is operatively coupled to the at least one plate. The structured or patterned surface is configured to modulate light directed along the optical path and through the two or more plates.