Abstract: The present invention is a DC to AC switching converter that does not require a dead zone. The output node of the classical switching pair is separated into two output nodes which eliminates the current path that made the dead zone necessary. Each of the switches are connected between +Edc and -Edc in a complimentary fashion. By eliminating the direct connection between the two switches, both switches can be operating simultaneously without any danger of failure. Both switch outputs pass through a current sensing feedback device and an output coil. The outputs of each coil are connected to the output of the switching converter having a filter capacitor connected to ground. This arrangement provides switching bias current during the zero current crossover point thereby eliminating the ringing and oscillation distortion that occurs in the dead zone. The desired output voltage waveform is a result of the summation of the two switch outputs after the high speed component has been removed through filtering.

Abstract: An optical pipe illumination system is provided for coupling light from an illumination source to a number of output "light pipes", which are used for a variety of purposes, such as illuminating pools, spas, hazardous material zones, jail cells, and other applications where direct lighting is dangerous, difficult to maintain, or subject to vandalism. The illumination system employs an illumination reflector which has been customized to maximize the efficiency of light transmission between the illumination source, such as an arc lamp, and the cores of the output pipes. A method of fabricating the customized illumination reflector includes mapping the radiation patterns of the particular illumination source to be utilized, creating a database of those radiation patterns, and utilizing the database to generate an optimal illumination reflector configuration. The computer-generated reflector will virtually always be a non-conic section, because the illumination source is not ideal.

Abstract: In a graphical user interface (GUI) for a personal computer system, an improved method and apparatus for accessing and executing commands associated with user applications. In addition to the standard menu categories of a menubar and control icons of a tool bar, the present invention provides a "hyperbutton", a "context sensitive pop-up menu" and a "menu control editor". A hyperbutton displays, in a persistent subview, a user selected default hyperitem from the hyperitems of the menubar. The default hyperitem is automatically executed when selected by the user with a mouse. The hyperbutton displays a title of the default hyperitem. The user can change the default hyperitem using a pop-up menu displayed in response to an interface command such as a right mouse button. A context sensitive pop-up menu is associated with a particular object such as a grid subview. The user configures the context sensitive pop-up menu to contain a custom set of the hyperitems associated with the object.

Abstract: A steerable or deflectable distal tip of a cardiac instrument is provided by creating a differential tension in a distal portion, causing the distal portion either to curve if originally straight, or to straighten if originally curved. The differential tension can be created by a pull or push wire disposed in a longitudinal lumen of the instrument, which wire is attached at its distal end to the instrument. In another embodiment, the differential tension is created by thermoelectrically heated by metallic strip which is disposed within a lumen within the instrument in the form of a stylet. In another embodiment, the stylet is deformed by virtue of differential tension being applied between a pair of strips comprising the stylet.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a dissolution vessel removably seated within an aluminum platen. The apparatus also includes an assembly for automatically measuring a desired volume of media, heating and degassing the volume of media and then dispensing the volume of media into the dissolution vessel. In addition, the apparatus includes a carousel having a plurality of compartments, the carousel being rotatably mounted on a stage, the stage being alignable with the vessel. According to one mode of operation, an open-top, cage-type basket is placed in one or more compartments of the carousel, each basket containing a tablet intended for dissolution. The apparatus additionally includes a shaft aligned with the vessel, the bottom end of the shaft being adapted to frictionally fit together with a basket.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for accurately matching colors. The color matching system includes a host computer and a color input device in communication with the host computer. Preferably the color input device is capable of obtaining spectral data, such as that obtained using a spectrophotometer. The host computer includes a color library, a color management system, a monitor, and a user interface. In one aspect of the invention, the user selects a target color, a color library to use for matching, a color distance tolerance, and a light source under which the colors are to be matched. The target color is compared to the colors in the library and the color or colors in the library that are within the specified color tolerance are reported. In a second aspect of the invention, the user selects a color and two illuminants. The color under each of the two illuminants is compared and the color distance between the two is reported.

Abstract: A cushioned shipping assembly includes a carton and foam inserts to support a product shipped by a supplier, which elements are successively returned by an end user to be reused in the same or other shipping assembly, while various components are recycled as they become spent. In some embodiments, the carton collapses to a diminished size for return. A resource center reroutes or refurbishes the components, recycling aged or spend pieces. On-premises pelletizing of reclaimed polymer provides a more efficient, environmentally clean system. Spent inserts of identified polymer may be diverted to users of specific resins.

Abstract: The inventive system, which is used in transmitting illumination from a central source to a variety of remote locations, efficiently couples the light originating from an arc lamp, or similar source, into a multiplicity of flexible macroscopic fibers. The combination of the several elements of the inventive system results in a very efficient transfer of the energy from the light source to the fibers. The system also provides a very flexible mechanical means for distributing the energy to the fibers and to the remote locations at which the light is used.

Abstract: The inventive system, which is used in transmitting illumination from a central source to a variety of remote locations, efficiently couples the light originating from an arc lamp, or similar source, into a multiplicity of flexible macroscopic fibers. The combination of the several elements of the inventive system results in a very efficient transfer of the energy of the light source to the fibers. Light from the arc lamp is fed into a circular light pipe, and then directly into a multi-sectored lens, without any requirement of a collimated lens. The multi-sectored lens then focusses the light into the multiplicity of flexible macroscopic fibers.

Abstract: In a computer network comprised of multiple nodes spread across different geographic locations and connected through a communication system, a Distributed Data Synchronizer (DDS) synchronizes files across the network so that user applications running at the various nodes can share common databases of information. In a preferred embodiment, rather than store master files at a server node, each node stores a master copy locally in a disk drive. When a user application modifies one of the local files, the DDS communicates the update to the appropriate remote nodes under the control of a user defined script file.

Abstract: A liquid sample is placed into a sample container which is placed into an optical fourier transform system to produce an image representative of characteristics of the liquid sample and particles within the liquid sample. The container, formed of an optical material, includes microchannels which continuously increase in path length from a minimum path length at a first side to a maximum path length at a second side. In one embodiment, the microchannels are immediately adjacent one another while in another embodiment the microchannels are spaced from one another by a defined spacing. By spacing the microchannels from one another, two fourier transform images are generated within the system, one a refracted image and the other a diffracted image. In addition, by forming the second sides of the spaced microchannels at an acute angle relative to the plane of the microchannels, a reflected fourier transform image can also be generated within the system.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp has opposed end caps for enclosing the sealed end of the glass envelope. One of the end caps is provided with contact pins, and the other end cap is provided with a handle portion. The electrode adjacent the handled end cap is provided with an extended end portion that is mechanically connected to the handle end cap. In the event the handle end cap is loosened or becomes unbonded from the glass envelope, the handled end cap remains mechanically linked to the lamp so that removal or replacement of the lamp can be facilitated by applying a pulling force on the handled end cap.

Abstract: An optical fiber manifold is provided for coupling light from an illumination source to a plurality of spaced, large diameter output fibers, or "light pipes", which are used for a variety of purposes, such as illuminating pools, spas, hazardous material zones, jail cells, and other applications where direct lighting is dangerous, difficult to maintain, or subject to vandalism. The manifold comprises a light converging element, which may be either a lens or a reflector, for converging light separately on each of the spaced optical fibers. The light converging element is segmented, with each segment corresponding to one of the optical fibers, and is precise enough that substantially all of the convergent light is received by the respective cores of each of the spaced output fibers, thereby minimizing light loss.

Abstract: An air lock feeder for entrainment of solid particulate materials in an air stream. The invention includes a cylindrical housing with a shaft rotatably mounted in the ends of the housing. Inlet and outlet ports are included in the housing ends, and a lateral opening in the housing receives solid particulate material. A plurality of vanes extend laterally from the shaft and define a plurality of chambers within the housing, with the cambers generally parallel to the shaft and extending between the housing ends. Preferably, a flexible strip is included on the end of each vane adjacent the housing. Dividers located between adjacent vanes separate air channels from the chambers. The chambers are charged with solid material from the lateral facing opening in the housing as shaft rotates within the housing. Pressurized air enters the chambers via inlet port as each chamber rotatably moves past the inlet port, and the material within the chambers is entrained in an air stream and carried out the exit port.

Abstract: A chip blowing apparatus for application or dispersion of wood chips or like aggregate material. The invention includes a hopper with an auger for directing materials to the bottom of the hopper. An air lock feeder adjacent to the bottom of the hopper receives material therefrom. A rotating shaft with a plurality of vanes is included in the air lock feeder. Pressurized air is directed into the air lock feeder to fluidize materials and impart momentum thereto, thereby entraining the solid material in an air stream. The entrained material then exits and outlet port and is directed by hose to a nozzle for application of material to surfaces.

Abstract: The inventive system, which is used in transmitting illumination from a central source to a variety of remote locations, efficiently couples the light originating from an arc lamp, or similar source, into a multiplicity of flexible macroscopic fibers. The combination of the several elements of the inventive system results in a very efficient transfer of the energy of the light source to the fibers. A first module houses the arc lamp, and a second module generally houses the optics for coupling light to the flexible macroscopic fibers. The second module is thermally insulated from the first module, to thereby prevent high temperatures from leaking from the first module into the second module.

Abstract: The inventive system, which is used in transmitting illumination from a central source to a variety of remote locations, efficiently couples the light originating from an arc lamp, or similar source, into a multiplicity of flexible macroscopic fibers. The combination of the several elements of the inventive system results in a very efficient transfer of the energy of the light source to the fibers. The system also provides a very flexible mechanical means for distributing the energy to the fibers and to the remote locations at which the light is used.