Abstract: The addition of a salt comprising a group III A metal halide, such as aluminum chloride, to an acrylic acid-water solution obtained from the oxidation of propylene or acrolein, allows recovery of a 95% or better acrylic acid solution by phase separation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 14, 1977
Date of Patent:
July 17, 1979
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Stephen C. Paspek, Jr., William A. Every
Abstract: Methacrylic acid or acrylic acid are produced by the oxidation of methacrolein or acrolein, respectively, with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of molybdenum, phosphorus, arsenic, at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Rh, Ru, and Au, oxygen, and optionally, at least one of Cd, Pt, Tl, Pd, Al, Ge, Cu, Ni, alkaline earth metal, NH.sub.4 and Cl.
Abstract: The invention is gasoline containing an added manganese compound to improve the octane rating of the gasoline and including a small amount of an additive selected from a group consisting of a monocarboxylic acid or its ester, a dicarboxylic acid or its monoester or diester, an alkylamine, phenol, a substituted phenol or mixture thereof.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 18, 1974
Date of Patent:
February 27, 1979
Assignee:
Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Daniel W. Feldman, James W. Sprague, Franklin Veatch
Abstract: The pyritic sulfur content of coal can be significantly reduced by leaching the coal with an aqueous solution containing hexacyanoferrate (III) ions.
Abstract: Methacrylic acid or acrylic acid are produced by the oxidation of methacrolein or acrolein, respectively, with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of molybdenum, phosphorus, arsenic, at least one element selected from the group consisting of U, Ti, Nb, Re, Pb, Zn, and Ga, oxygen, and optionally, at least one of Cu, a rare earth element, Ag, Ta, In, Th, Cd, Tl, alkaline earth metal, NH.sub.4, Cl, Ni, Al and Ge.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 19, 1976
Date of Patent:
April 18, 1978
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
James F. White, Wilfrid G. Shaw, Michael D. Applequist
Abstract: Maleic anhydride and acrylic acid are produced by the oxidation of 1,3-butadiene, n-butylenes, crotonaldehyde and furan with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalytic oxide of antimony, molybdenum, vanadium and lithium, cerium, or mixture thereof, wherein one element selected from the group consisting of calcium, iron, tungsten, magnesium, aluminum and nickel is optionally added as a reducing agent. The oxidation of 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a catalyst wherein tungsten metal is used as a reducing agent gives especially desirable high yields to maleic anhydride.
Abstract: Catalysts containing the oxides of molybdenum and phosphorus promoted with rubidium and at least one element selected from the group consisting of As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl, K, Ca, V, U, Ce, W, Ni, Zr, Ba, Fe, Rh, Mn, Re, Ru, Co, and Cu have been found to be especially desirable in the vapor phase oxidation of acrolein and methacrolein with molecular oxygen to yield acrylic acid and methacrylic acid respectively. The reaction of methacrolein gives an especially pure product in high yields and selectivities of methacrylic acid.
Abstract: Catalysts containing the oxides of vanadium, phosphorus and uranium have been found to be especially effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes and butadiene with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase to yield maleic anhydride. The reaction with n-butane gives an especially pure product in high yield.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 10, 1973
Date of Patent:
January 11, 1977
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Noel J. Bremer, Ernest C. Milberger, Serge R. Dolhyj
Abstract: Catalysts containing at least nickel or cobalt, chromium, bismuth and molybdenum have been found to be especially useful for the ammoxidation of olefins, the oxidation of olefins and the oxidative dehydrogenation of olefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 18, 1974
Date of Patent:
November 23, 1976
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Arthur F. Miller, Wilfrid G. Shaw
Abstract: Catalysts having a substantially spherical shape, a void center and a hole in the external surface communicating to the void center, have been found to give superior results in known hydrotreating reactions where sulfur, nitrogen and/or oxygen is removed from a hydrocarbon feed stock.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 18, 1975
Date of Patent:
May 18, 1976
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Daniel R. Herrington, Albert P. Schwerko
Abstract: A process for the catalytic oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydes and acids and the ammoxidation of olefins to unsaturated nitriles in which the catalyst comprises a promoted, reduced, antimony oxide-molybdenum oxide-containing catalyst.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 20, 1973
Date of Patent:
May 11, 1976
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Dev D. Suresh, Ernest C. Milberger
Abstract: Coated catalysts having an inert support material with an outer surface and a coating of active catalyst containing tungsten, vanadium and molybdenum plus optionally one or more of Fe, Mn, Cu, Sn, Sb, Cr, Ce, U, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg or mixture thereof have been found to be especially effective catalysts for the production of unsaturated acids from the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes, for example, acrolein is oxidized to acrylic acid using these catalysts. The catalysts give a very low exotherm, very high single pass yields of the desired acid and reduce the undesirable by-products.
Abstract: Catalysts containing at least nickel or cobalt, chromium, bismuth and molybdenum have been found to be especially useful for the ammoxidation of olefins, the oxidation of olefins and the oxidative dehydrogenation of olefins.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 4, 1973
Date of Patent:
May 11, 1976
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Arthur F. Miller, Wilfrid G. Shaw