Abstract: A compound comprising a cyclodextrin and a monoalkoxy polyethylene glycol linked thereto through an ether bond (a “pegylated cyclodextrin”) is disclosed, as are drug delivery vehicles and pharmaceutical formulations including the same, and methods for making the compound and the drug delivery vehicle and for delivering the drug to a patient in need thereof. The method of making includes the steps of creating either a tosylated monoalkoxy polyethylene glycol or a tosylated cyclodextrin, and either reacting the tosylated monoalkoxy polyethylene glycol with a deprotonated cyclodextrin, or reacting the tosylated cyclodextrin with a deprotonated monoalkoxy polyethylene glycol. The present pegylated cyclodextrin readily forms an inclusion compound with certain drugs to protect the drug against adverse interactions with mucin (e.g., in a mucus membrane).

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure pertain to compositions containing (i) one or more non-antifreeze proteins or cell components or cells and (ii) one or more antifreeze proteins (AFPs), mimetics thereof, and/or analogs thereof, and a method of stabilizing a biologic (e.g., a protein, microbe, cell component or cell) against temperature stress and aggregation. The AFP may be selected from known antifreeze polypeptides and antifreeze peptides, analogs and mimetics of antifreeze proteins, active fragments of such antifreeze proteins, polypeptide and peptide mimetics, antifreeze peptoids and polymers, and combinations thereof. The non-antifreeze protein, cell component or cell comprises a known protein, cell component or cell used in the pharmaceutical, medical, agricultural, veterinary and/or food industry(ies). The AFP protects the function of the non-antifreeze protein, microbe(s), cell component(s) or cell(s) under temperature stress (e.g., a temperature of ?20-60° C.).

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to compositions to stabilize nutrient, food, pharmaceutical, and biological formulations by preventing the crystallization or precipitation of carbohydrates used in the formulations. The compositions contain (i) one or more carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, analogs thereof, and/or derivatives thereof and (ii) one or more antifreeze proteins (AFPs), mimetics thereof, and/or analogs thereof and methods of making and using the same. The AFP may be selected from antifreeze polypeptides and antifreeze peptides, analogs and mimetics of antifreeze proteins, active fragments of such antifreeze proteins, polypeptide and peptide mimetics, antifreeze peptoids and polymers, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods of producing modified polypeptides and modified polypeptide-ribosome or polypeptide-mRNA complexes, and methods of screening polynucleotide and polypeptide libraries. The present disclosure also provides polypeptide libraries useful in screening for single molecule phenotypes. Also provided are kits useful for producing polypeptides capable of being modified using methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: Spin labeled ice binding compounds (IBCs) including ice binding proteins (IBPs), also called antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and their analogs are exploited to carry the paramagnetic centers for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), for enhancing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal intensities. Use of spin labeled IBCs to perform DNP exploits the IBCs' ability to homogeneously distribute the paramagnetic centers in frozen water solution at low temperature, leading to high DNP efficiency. Other advantages of using spin labeled IBCs include: (1) ability to cryo-protect biological samples; (2) the relative positions and orientations of the spin labeling groups in an IBC may also be cryo-preserved; (3) positions and orientations of spin labeling groups to an IBC can be selected with great freedom and without technical barrier to making multiple spin labels in an IBC; and (4) water solubilities of spin labeled IBCs are potentially high, enabling use of a solvent that is primarily water for DNP at low temperatures.

Abstract: The uses of antifreeze proteins (AFPs), including polypeptides, peptides, fragments of AFPs, and mimicries of AFPs, as highly efficient additives for crystal growth control are provided. AFPs are demonstrated to efficiently inhibit the nucleation of commercially and pharmaceutically important compounds (e.g., nucleosides, sugars, salts), increase the supersaturation of their solutions, modify their crystal habits, and result in novel morphologies.

Abstract: Systems for providing a chronically ill patient with medical alerts, pharmacological alerts and information are disclosed that includes: a mobile device comprising a GPS receiver, a display, a microprocessor and a wireless communication transceiver, the mobile device programmed to process encrypted medical data, medical tags and medical information through an application; a server comprising a central processing unit, a memory, a clock and a server communication transceiver that receives input from the wireless communication transceiver of the mobile device, the memory having encrypted medical data, medical tags and medical information stored therein for a plurality of chronically ill patients, the central processing unit programmed to: receive encrypted medical data, medical tags and medical information from the mobile device; analyze the encrypted medical data, medical tags and medical information from the mobile device; generate a new set of unique and revised encrypted medical data, medical tags and medic

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: An external in-line valve for use in microfluidic devices constructed of elastomer such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is described. The valve is actuated by a permanent magnet and a metal bar that press together the polymer walls of a channel. The metal bar is pulled downward by a small NdFeB magnet below the channel, simultaneously pushing the thin layer of PDMS down, closing the channel, and stopping flow of fluid. Operation of the valve is dependent on thickness of the PDMS layer, height of the channel, the gap between chip and magnet, and magnet strength. The valve allows for fabrication of a “thin chip” that allows for detection of chromophoric species within the microchannel via an external fiber optics detection system. C18-Modified reverse phase silica particles are packed into the microchannel using a temporary taper created by the magnetic valve. Separations using both pressure and electrochromatographic driven methods are detailed.

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: Nitroxide free radicals attached to antineoplastic agents can synergize their potencies to cancer cells. This invention relates to any antineoplastic agents and their derivatives chemically attached with nitroxide free radicals, such as TEMPO and its radical derivatives. This invention also relates to precursors of such compounds, as well as the products formed from the adducts after administration.

Abstract: A simple, external in-line valve for use in microfluidic devices constructed of elastomer such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is described. The actuation of the valve is based on the principle that flexible polymer walls of a liquid channel can be pressed together by the aid of a permanent magnet and a small metal bar. In the presence of a small NdFeB magnet lying below the channel of interest, the metal bar is pulled downward simultaneously pushing the thin layer of PDMS down thereby closing the channel stopping any flow of fluid. The operation of the valve is dependent on the thickness of the PDMS layer, the height of the channel, the gap between the chip and the magnet and the strength of the magnet. The microfluidic channels are completely closed to fluid flows commonly used in microfluidic applications. The valve allows for fabrication of a “thin chip” that allows for detection of chromophoric species within the microchannel via an external fiber optics detection system.

Abstract: Drug screening and target identification using surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) of a target protein array is provided. The Target Protein Array/SPRI system is used as parts of a strategy or method for label-free and real-time identification of a target protein or proteins of any inhibitor, agonist or other ligand. Methods that allow for rapidly classifying the mechanism of action of any inhibitor, agonist or other ligand; and for simultaneous identification and purification of an active ingredient of a natural product extract, which acts specifically on a target protein or proteins are provided. Techniques that can be used to prioritize inhibitors, agonists or ligands for lead compound development; to determine the therapeutic index of drug candidates; to assess the range of target proteins of drugs or drug candidates or lead compounds in organisms; and to discover novel target proteins of known drugs or known inhibitors are described.