Abstract: An enhanced security manhole cover is disclosed, comprising a frame, outer cover, inner cover, crossbar, saddle, eyebolt, and padlock. The inner cover, which closes the lower opening in a manhole, includes a detent in the top surface for receiving the eyebolt. The crossbar is positioned above the inner cover and engages the walls of the frame. The crossbar includes a threaded hole that aligns with the detent. The saddle, an upside down U-shaped member, is positioned over the crossbar and includes a slot for the eyebolt to partially extend through. The saddle may include a shoulder on the base, to protect the eyebolt. The eyebolt passes partially through the saddle and crossbar and threads into the bore. The shackle of the padlock passes through holes in the upright of the U-shaped saddle below the crossbar, locking the saddle in place. The upper cover closes the top of the frame.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of fabricating a waveguide using a sacrificial spacer layer. The first step in this process is to fabricate the underlying optical semiconductor structure. A trench is then etched in this structure and a sacrificial spacer layer is deposited in the trench. The waveguide is then created in the trench on the sacrificial spacer layer. User-defined portions of the sacrificial spacer layer are subsequently removed to create air gaps between the waveguide and the sidewalls of the trench in the optical semiconductor.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a device using a sacrificial layer by selecting a substrate; forming a first step on the substrate, where the first step is formed from a second material; depositing a sacrificial layer along the first step and the substrate; depositing a second step on a portion of the sacrificial layer; depositing a second layer on each of a portion of the substrate, sacrificial layer and second step that shares a common resistance to removal by a same agent as the substrate, the first step and the second step; removing the second step; removing a portion of the sacrificial layer such that a gap is created between the second layer and the first step, wherein at least a portion of the sacrificial layer remains such that the second layer adhered to the substrate remains; and processing the substrate beneath the gap.

Abstract: A method of monitoring computer system calls by determining the system calls to be monitored. Then, determining data to be recorded for each system call. Then, creating a configuration file that includes the system calls and associated data. Then, modifying a system call table in a computer operating system to replace pointers to routines that correspond to system calls with pointers to a user-definable routine. If a system call occurs in a computer program then jumping to the user-definable routine, which reads the configuration file, jumps to a system call routine to execute the system call, returns to the user-definable routine with data produced by the system call routine, and records any returned data that is in the configuration file for that system call. Then, monitoring the computer program for other system calls.

Abstract: A method of protecting a return address on a computer stack is disclosed. Two stacks are created, the first a normal stack, and the second, or shadow, having shadow frames containing the return address upon a subroutine call, the address on the first stack where the return address is stored, and a user-definable state variable which is used to identify a shadow frame as a return address. Before returning from a subroutine, the two return addresses are compared, and if they do not match, the second stack is searched down, and then up, for a matching return address. If there is a match, the shadow is re-synchronized with the first stack by comparing the stored values of the first stack pointer with the first stack pointer and adjusting appropriately the shadow stack pointer. The matching shadow frame must also be a return address datatype of return address.

Abstract: A method of identifying duplicate voice recording by receiving digital voice recordings, selecting one of the recordings; segmenting the selected recording, extracting a pitch value per segment, estimating a total time that voice appears in the recording, removing pitch values that are less than and equal to a user-definable value, identifying unique pitch values, determining the frequency of occurrence of the unique pitch values, normalizing the frequencies of occurrence, determining an average pitch value, determining the distribution percentiles of the frequencies of occurrence, returning to the second step if additional recordings are to be processed, otherwise comparing the total voice time, average pitch value, and distribution percentiles for each recording processed, and declaring the recordings duplicates that compared to within a user-definable threshold for total voice time, average pitch value, and distribution percentiles.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of finding propagation time and velocity of a transmitter. Specifically, receiving a signal at two or more receivers and using the scalar time relationship to determine propagation time and velocity of the transmitter for the purpose of location of the transmitter. This method is useful for both narrowband and broadband applications with increased accuracy over previous methods.

Abstract: A method of creating a patterned device by selecting a substrate; depositing a mask layer on the substrate; forming a first step on the mask layer; depositing a sacrificial layer along the first step and the mask layer; depositing a blocking layer on the sacrificial layer; removing a portion of the blocking layer, where a portion of the blocking layer remains such that no gap exists between the blocking layer and the sacrificial layer and the remaining blocking layer is adhered to the mask layer; removing a portion of the sacrificial layer such that a gap is created between the blocking layer and the first step, where a portion of the sacrificial layer remains such that the blocking layer adhered to the mask layer remains; etching the mask layer beneath the gap; and processing the substrate through the gap in the mask layer.

Abstract: A method of generating a cryptographic key between two users. First, the users select an elliptic curve. Next, the users select a point P on the curve. Next, the first user selects integers ra and wa and the second user selects integers rb and wb. Next, the first user generates points Ra=raP and Wa=waP and the second user generates points Rb=rbP and Wb=wbP. Next, the first user transmits Ra and Wa to the second user and the second user transmits Rb and Wb to the first user. Next, the first user generates ca from what it possesses while the second user generates cb from what it possesses in equivalent fashion. Next, the first user generates ga as a function of wa, ra, Wb, and Rb and the second user generates gb as a function of wb, rb, Wa, and Ra, in equivalent fashion. Next, the first user binarily expands on ca and ga in joint sparse form and the second user does the same on cb and gb.

Abstract: A method of detecting an intermediary communication device in a communication path of a target communication device by inserting a sensor in the path, recording communication packets to and from the target communication device, recording times for the packets, identifying packets in a first interconnection layer, calculating a minimum latency time for the packets, identify packets in a second interconnection layer that is at a different communication processing level than that of the first interconnection layer, calculating a minimum latency time for the packets of the second interconnection layer, and determining that an intermediary communication device is present in the path if an absolute difference between the minimum latency times is above a user-definable threshold.

Abstract: A method of generating a time-frequency representation of a signal that preserves phase information by receiving the signal, calculating a joint time-frequency domain of the signal, estimating instantaneous frequencies of the joint time-frequency domain, modifying each estimated instantaneous frequency, if necessary, to correspond to a frequency of the joint time-frequency domain to which it most closely compares, redistributing the elements within the joint time-frequency domain according to the estimated instantaneous frequencies as modified, computing a magnitude for each element in the joint time-frequency domain as redistributed, and plotting the results as the time-frequency representation of the signal.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of modeling a single class of data from data containing multiple classes of data of the same type of data by first receiving a collection of data that includes data from multiple classes of data of the same type where the amount of data of the single class of data exceeds that of any other class of data. A first statistical model of the received collection of data is generated. The collection of data is divided into subsets. Each subset of the speech collection of data is scored using the first statistical model. A set of scores is selected. The subsets corresponding to the selected scores are identified. The identified subsets are combined. A second statistical model of the type of the first statistical model is generated for the combined subsets and used as the model of the single class of data.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of optical character recognition. First, text is received. Next all words in the text are identified and associated with the appropriate line in the document. The directional derivative of the pixellation density function defining the text is then taken, and the highest value points for each word are identified from this equation. These highest value points are used to calculate a baseline for each word. A median anticipated baseline is also calculated and used to verify each baseline, which is corrected as necessary. Each word is then parsed into feature regions, and the features are identified through a series of complex analyses. After identifying the main features, outlying ornaments are identified and associated with appropriate features. The results are then compared to a database to identify the features and then displayed.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of fabricating a patterned device using a sacrificial spacer layer. The first step in this process is to select an appropriate substrate and form a step thereon. The sacrificial layer is then applied to the substrate and a blocking layer is deposited on the sacrificial layer. The blocking layer is etched back to define the mask for the semiconductor structure and the sacrificial layer is removed. The substrate is then etched using the gap created by removal of the sacrificial layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of combining corpora to achieve consistency in phonetic labeling. Corpora are received. A first corpus is selected from the corpora. Generating a phonetic transcript if the first corpus does not include one. A second corpus is selected from the corpora. Generating a phonetic transcript if the second corpus does not include one. Each allophone in the second corpus is identified. At least one allophone is identified for each phone in the second corpus. For each phone in the second corpus, the allophone to which it most closely matches is identified. Each phone symbol in the phone transcript of the second corpus is replaced with a symbol for the corresponding identified allophone. The first corpus and second corpus are combined, including their phonetic transcripts, and designated as the first corpus. If there is another corpus in the corpora to be processed return to the step of selecting another second corpus.

Abstract: A method of text processing by receiving textual units. Then, select a language and a textual unit. Identify the selected textual unit's stem and suffix. Search a rules database for the suffix. If a base suffix is found in the rules database, combine it with the stem to form a lemma. Search a lexicon database for the lemma. If the lemma is found, a model number from the lexicon database is retrieved and cross-referenced with the rules database to obtain all inflected suffixes for the selected textual unit. Combine the inflected suffixes with the stem to form inflected forms. Output a subset of inflected-forms and information associated with the lemma and inflected suffixes. The method is repeated for unprocessed textual units. If the language selected is Russian or Somali, the textual units are processed separately.

Abstract: A method of packet encryption and decryption that allows for pipelining. The first step is to identify the packets in a message to be encrypted. Then, a unique number is assigned to each packet. A value R is acquired. Then, a first register is initialized. An initialization vector IV is generated. Then, the first register is stepped a user-definable number of times. Then, a packet is selected. R and the unique number are combined. Then, a second register is initialized. A checksum is generated. Then, the packet is divided into blocks. A block is selected. Then, the checksum is combined with the block and designated the checksum. The block is encrypted. Then, the first and second registers are stepped. These steps are repeated for each block. Then, the checksum is encrypted. After the blocks are encrypted, the unique number, IV, the ciphertext of each block, and the encrypted checksum are transmitted. If there are any other packets to encrypt then the steps are repeated.

Abstract: Method of recognizing phones in speech of any language. Acquire phones for all languages and a set of languages. Acquire a pronunciation dictionary, a transcript of speech for the set of languages, and speech for the transcript. Receive speech containing unknown phones. If the speech's language is unknown, compare it to the phones for all languages to determine the phones. If the language is known but no phones were acquired in that language, compare the speech to the phones for all languages to determine the phones. If phones were acquired in the speech's language but no corresponding pronunciation dictionary was acquired, compare the speech to the phones for all languages to determine the phones. If a pronunciation dictionary was acquired for the phones in the speech's language but no transcript was acquired then compare the speech to the phones for all languages to determine the phones.

Abstract: A device for and method of generating an uncorrelated pseudo-random bit sequence by first selecting a user-definable value K. Next, factoring K+1 into m prime factors q1, q2, . . . , qm, where q1, q2, . . . , qm are ordered from smallest value q1 to largest value qm. Next, generating m pseudo-random sequences r1, r2, . . . , rm, where each pseudo-random bit sequence ri is uniformly distributed over a range (0, . . . , qi?1), and where i=1, 2, . . . , m. Finally, generating the uncorrelated pseudo-random sequence as R=r1+q1r2+q1q2r3+ . . . +q1q2 . . . qm?1rm.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of aligning components on a flexible integrated circuit. First a rigid substrate is selected. Next a flexible interconnect is deposited on the substrate, the interconnect preferably consisting of alternating polyimide and metal layers. After depositing the interconnect on the substrate, solder bumps are applied to the interconnect. Next, attach electronic components to the interconnect. A second substrate is then attached to the electronic components. Then, remove the first substrate to expose the interconnect. Last, the second substrate is removed to release the integrated circuit module.