Abstract: A device for and method of generating as many as K random bits by generating a first pseudo-random bit, generating a second pseudo-random bit, delaying the second pseudo-random bit a number of times, storing the delayed pseudo-random bits, and combining the first pseudo-random bit with each of the delayed second pseudo-random bits.

Abstract: Method for geolocating logical network addresses on electronically switched dynamic communications networks, such as the Internet, using the time latency of communications to and from the logical network address to determine its location. Minimum round-trip communications latency is measured between numerous stations on the network and known network addressed equipment to form a network latency topology map. Minimum round-trip communications latency is also measured between the stations and the logical network address to be geolocated. The resulting set of minimum round-trip communications latencies is then correlated with the network latency topology map to determine the location of the network address to be geolocated.

Abstract: A device whereby one or more bands of optical wavelengths may be selected for further transmission. All light within the optical bandwidth of operation is first coupled from the core mode of an optical fiber to a specific cladding mode by a chirped broadband cladding mode coupler. These cladding mode lightwaves then enter a narrow-band core mode coupler whereby selected optical bands of wavelengths are re-coupled back into the core of the optical fiber. The chirped broadband cladding mode coupler is isolated from the narrow-band core mode coupler by an acoustic absorber to limit the acoustic interaction between them.

Abstract: A beacon modulated by a pattern is authenticated by recording an array of light intensities for each point in a field of view; digitizing the array of light intensities; modifying a first array according to the digitized light-intensities and the modulation pattern; repeating these steps for additional frames at the current viewpoint; if the beacon is found then repeating these steps for additional frames; if the beacon is found and additional frames were processed then authenticating the beacon at the point in the current viewpoint corresponding to the value in the first array that exceeds a first threshold by the widest margin; if the beacon was not found, moving to a new point in the field of view and repeating the steps above; if the beacon is again not found, adjusting the modulation bit pattern x bits, and reprocessing the viewpoints in the field of view using the steps above.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of accentuating a deviation in a set of information and locating a cause thereof that includes the steps of receiving a set of information; selecting a subset of information; setting initial states; setting transition states; initializing a vector; selecting the first information segment; modifying the vector if the information segment contains an initial and transition state, otherwise stopping; selecting the next available information segment and returning to the previous step, otherwise recording a number of occurrences of each unique vector; determining the number of the least occurring vector; dividing each occurrence number by the least occurring number; determining an occupation time for each vector; calculating an inverse characteristic time for each unique vector; calculating at least one subset value for the subset of information using a temperature-based function, an entropy-based function, an energy-based function, or any combination thereof; setting a value vi fo

Abstract: A ridge laser that includes a Group III-V semiconductor material substrate; a first selectively oxidized at least one strain-compensated superlattice of Group III-V semiconductor material; a multiple quantum well active region; a second selectively oxidized at least one strain-compensated superlattice of Group III-V semiconductor material; a Group III-V semiconductor material cap layer; and a contact material. Each at least one strain-compensated superlattice includes at least two monolayers of a Group III-V semiconductor material and at least two monolayers of an aluminum-bearing Group III-V semiconductor material.

Abstract: A method of lattice-quantizing an eight-long data point to minimize storage requirements by acquiring the data point, multiplying each coordinate of the data point by {square root over (2)} to form an inflated data point, rounding each coordinate of the rounded and inflated data point to the nearest integer, modulo-two reducing each coordinate of the rounded and inflated data point to form an initial codeword, multiplying a parity-check matrix of an eight-bit Extended Hamming Code by the result of the last step to form a syndrome, correcting any single-bit errors and double-bit errors, if any, in the initial codeword and the rounded and inflated data point, transforming the coordinate system of the initial codeword to an extended quadratic residue form, creating a signal packet, and transmitting the signal packet to a receiver.

Abstract: A method of full-text scanning for matches in a large dictionary of keywords is described, suitable for SDI (selective dissemination of information). The method is applicable to large dictionaries (hundreds of thousands of entries) and to arbitrary byte sequences for both patterns and sample streams. The approach employs Boyer-Moore-Horspool skipping, extended to pattern collections and digrams, followed by an n-gram hash test, which also identifies a subset of feasible keywords for conventional pattern matching at each location of a putative match.

Abstract: A method and apparatus providing full-text scanning for matches in a large dictionary is described. The invention is suitable for SDI (selective dissemination of information) systems, accommodating large dictionaries (104 to 105 entries) and rapid processing. A preferred embodiment employs a hardware primary test on a single commercially-available gate-array board hosted by a computer, in which a software secondary test is conducted. No delimiter cues such as spaces or punctuation are required.

Abstract: A network firewall security apparatus that enables a very high degree of traffic selectability yet avoids the usual performance penalty associated with firewalls. This approach is specific to high-speed circuit switched networks, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks in particular. Security management is achieved through active connection management with authentication, better suited to the cell-based environment of high-speed circuit switched networks and to the mix of circuit switched traffic, where Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams comprise a fraction of the total traffic. The information in the signaling cells is used to determine which flows, rather than which individual cells, are allowed to pass through the firewall. A hierarchical method has been devised, in which the physical location of the interrelated components may be decoupled. Active connection management is applied in determining the approval of a connection based on signaling information and network state information.

Abstract: A method of lattice quantizing a 24-long data point to minimize storage requirements by acquiring the data point, multiplying each coordinate of the data point by the square root of 8 to form an inflated data point, finding the closest point of the inflated Leech lattice by any method, creating a signal packet, and transmitting the packet to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention discloses both an n+ and a p+ unipolar, three-terminal, resonant-tunneling transistor that can be operated as a hot-electron transistor or a field effect transistor at temperatures at least as low as 77 degree Kelvin. The doped first terminal (collector or gate) is made of 3D metal or semiconductor material. An undoped insulating barrier is deposited on the first terminal. The doped electrically-contacted second terminal (emitter or source), made of a 2D semiconductor material, is deposited on the insulating barrier. An undoped double-barrier resonant-tunneling structure is deposited on the second terminal. A doped third terminal, made of 3D metal or semiconductor material, is deposited on a portion of the double-barrier resonant-tunneling structure. A doped tunneling-contact, made of 3D metal or semiconductor material, is deposited on the double-barrier resonant-tunneling structure so that the tunneling contact is isolated from the third terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring the spectral dependence of the Raman gain coefficient in optical fibers is presented. This approach measures the power level of Raman scattering in both a walk-off limited region and a physical fiber length limited region and, from these measurements, extracts the spectral dependence of the Raman gain coefficient. Access to these two regions is accomplished through control of the excitation pulse temporal width and relies on fiber dispersion to separate the excitation light from the Raman scattered light for short pulse widths. This approach measures the spectral dependence of the Raman gain without the necessity of absolute power measurement of the Raman scattered light, the need for a reference standard, or the need of a frequency tunable secondary optical source.

Abstract: The present invention stores and retrieves digital information by altering the phase transmission characteristics of a multiple layer phase recording by modulating the carrier frequency and the carrier frequency angle. These layers are organized into several regions, called page areas, which contain an array of juxtaposed encoded digital information data. Each page area may have several pages of digital information; each recorded with a different carrier frequency and carrier angle. The data layers are stacked together and aligned such that the page areas and encoded digital information on them are also aligned with each other into books. When one of these books is selectively illuminated by a controllable light source, a lenslet aligned with that book projects the transformed images of the data pages within that book, through a shutter array, and a reimaging lens onto a photosensor detector array.

Abstract: An inexpensive and accurate wavemeter for measuring the wavelength of monochromatic light is described. The device uses the wavelength dependent phase lag between principal polarization states of a length of birefringent material (retarder) as the basis for measuring the optical wavelength. The retarder is sandwiched between a polarizer and a polarizing beamsplitter and is oriented such that its principal axes are non-orthogonal to the axis of the polarizer and the principal axes of the beamsplitter. As a result of the disparity in propagation velocities between the principal polarization states of the retarder, the ratio of the optical power exiting the two ports of the polarizing beamsplitter is wavelength dependent. If the input wavelength is known to be within a specified range, the measurement of the power ratio uniquely determines the input wavelength. The device offers the advantage of trading wavelength coverage for increased resolution simply through the choice of the retarder length.

Abstract: A fiber optic wavelength measuring apparatus using the wavelength dependent nature of a fused fiber coupler to measure the wavelength of light propagating in an optical fiber. The input light is coupled, using a fused fiber coupler, of the type commonly used as wavelength division mutiplexers, into two fibers and the light in these two fibers is then measured using a pair of fiber coupled photodiodes. The ratio of the optical power of light in the two fibers corresponds to the wavelength of the input light. Hence it is possible to perform precise real-time measurement of the wavelength of light in a fiber with a compact, inexpensive, and field rugged apparatus.

Abstract: A female portion of an electrical connector that minimizes bending of electrical connector pins that are inserted therein by eliminating all flat surfaces on the face of the connector that meets the inserting pins. The connector has only curved surfaces on the face of the connector that meets the pins. The curved surfaces are created by opening holes in the connector that are wider than required for the pins. The holes are then tapered down to a size that snugly accommodates the pins. At the end of the taper, a hole, or shaft, extends through the connector so that the pins are accommodated snugly. The shaft is clad with conductive material so that the connector makes electrical contact with the pins.

Abstract: A device for and method of transmitting an encrypted message and an access field from a sender to a receiver, where a third party may intercept and process the transmission. The sender and receiver agree on a session key. The sender raises an element of a Galois Field to the session key; forms a temporary device unique key; encrypts the session key with the temporary device unique key; forms a temporary family key; encrypts an identifier of the sender and the encrypted session key using the temporary family key; encrypts a plaintext message using the session key; forms the access field by concatenating the element of a Galois Field raised to the session key to the encrypted version of the sender's identifier and the sender's encrypted session key; concatenates the ciphertext to the access field; and transmits the access field and the ciphertext to the receiver. The receiver may recover the plaintext from the sender's transmission.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a device for and method of correcting an error in a formatted modem transmission by receiving a formatted modem transmission into a receiving modem, identifying the formatting scheme of the transmission, testing the transmission to determine if a formatting error is contained therein, generating error patterns and associated correction patterns for the receiving modem based upon the format of the transmission and the type of descrambler used in the receiving modem, searching the transmission to determine if any of the generated error patterns is found therein, and replacing any error pattern found in the transmission with its associated correction pattern.

Abstract: A laser-programmable clocked-logic integrated-circuit cell having a transmission gate; a first laser-cut area; a first two-input nand gate; a second two-input nand gate; a third two-input nand gate; a first inverter; a first tri-state clocked-inverter; a second laser-cut area; a second inverter; a third inverter; a second tri-state clocked-inverter; a third laser-cut area; a fourth two-input nand gate; a fifth two-input nand gate; a sixth two-input nand gate; a fourth inverter; a third tri-state clocked-inverter; a fourth tri-state clocked-inverter; a first laser-link area; a second laser-link area; a fourth laser-cut area; a fifth laser-cut area; and a third laser-link area.