Abstract: A method for the generation of a gas mixture including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen for use in hydroformylation plants, including: evaporating water to steam; feeding the steam to a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) while supplying an electrical current to the SOEC to effect a partial conversion of steam to hydrogen; utilizing the effluent SOEC gas including H2 together with CO2 from an external source as feed for a RWGS reactor in which the RWGS reaction takes place, converting some of the CO2 and H2 to CO and H2O; removing some of or all the remaining steam from the raw product gas stream by cooling the raw product gas stream allowing for condensation of at least part of the steam as liquid water and separating the remaining product gas from the liquid; using the gas mixture for liquid phase hydroformylation, while recycling CO2 to the RWGS reactor.

Abstract: A SOC stack system comprises one or more solid oxide cell stacks and multi-stream solid oxide cell stack heat exchanger(s).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising, on water free basis, at least 80 wt % molecules comprising from 8 to 35 C-atoms, said composition having a flash point above 60° C. and comprising, on water free basis, 9.5-12 wt % H, 3-45 wt % O and less than 5 wt ppm halogens, the use of such a composition as a marine fuel and a process for producing such a composition by partial hydrodeoxygenation.

Abstract: A production plant and a method for production of a synthetized gasoline product from a synthetic hydrocarbon mixture produced from a mixture of reactive oxygenates, the method including a. separating the synthetic hydrocarbon mixture in at least a light hydrocarbon fraction, and a higher boiling hydrocarbon fraction, wherein the higher boiling fraction comprises at least 70% of the molecules including 10 or more carbon atoms and less than 20% of the molecules comprising exactly 9 carbon atoms, b. directing at least an amount of said higher boiling hydrocarbon fraction as a hydrocracking feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrocracking under effective hydrocracking conditions providing a hydrocracked hydrocarbon stream, wherein at least an amount of said hydrocracked hydrocarbon stream is combined with at least an amount of said light hydrocarbon fraction, to provide said synthetized gasoline product having a T90 being below T90 of said synthetic hydrocarbon mixture.

Abstract: A method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol, including the steps of: providing a hydrocarbon feed gas; optionally, purifying the hydrocarbon feed gas in a gas purification unit; optionally, prereforming the hydrocarbon feed gas together with a steam feedstock in a prereforming unit; carrying out steam methane reforming in a reforming reactor heated by means of an electrical power source; providing the synthesis gas to a methanol synthesis unit to provide a product including methanol and an off-gas. Also, a system for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed gas to methanol.

Abstract: A SOC stack has interconnects with a maximum distance between the contact points which are designed to compensate for pressure difference between one side of the interconnect to the other side.

Abstract: In a method for chromium upgrading of interconnects made of ferritic steel to be used in solid oxide cell stacks, comprising the steps of shaping the interconnect, depositing a coating comprising Cr on at least one surface of the shaped interconnect and performing one or more thermal treatments at a temperature below 1000° C., the resulting Cr concentration near the surface of the interconnect is higher than the Cr concentration in the ferritic steel before shaping. Specifically, the average Cr concentration of the shaped interconnect is increased to 26 wt % Cr or higher.

Abstract: A process for producing a catalyst, comprising the steps of modifying a carrier by a first impregnation with at least one alkaline earth metal in a first metal precursor solution, the first metal precursor being decomposed to form at least one metal oxide or metal hydroxide, thereby obtaining a modified carrier. A second impregnation is carried out by incipient wetness by a second precursor solution comprising at least one metal Me in a second solution. Finally, the second precursor is decomposed, thereby obtaining a catalyst body having an enrichment of the at least one metal Me in the outer shell of the catalyst body, the metal being present in a concentration having either as an egg-shell profile or a hammock profile.

Abstract: A process for carrying out an endothermic reaction of a feed gas in a reactor system including a pressure shell housing a structured catalyst arranged for catalyzing the endothermic reaction of a feed gas, the structured catalyst including a macroscopic structure of electrically conductive material, the macroscopic structure supporting a ceramic coating, the ceramic coating supporting a catalytically active material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for production of a hydrocarbon fraction from an oxygenate feedstock, comprising the steps of providing a process feed comprising an amount of an ammonia precursor, hydrogen and an amount of oxygenates at a temperature above 200° C., directing said process feed to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) under hydrotreating conditions to provide a hydrodeoxygenated intermediate product, wherein said ammonia precursor provides an amount of ammonia corresponding to a partial pressure of NH3 in the presence of said material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation being at least 0.1 mbar, This has the associated benefit that the ammonia precursor releases ammonia by thermal reaction, such that the presence of ammonia may limit the extent of formation of high boiling product in the hydrodeoxygenation process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon plant and related process, in which a first feed of methanol, having a water content of less than 10% by weight, is converted in a syngas generation stage (A) into at least a syngas stream. A synthesis stage (B) is arranged to receive the syngas stream and convert it to at least a hydrocarbon product stream and an off-gas stream. The plant and process of the present invention use better-understood process steps compared to known processes/plants and provide the opportunity for a reduction in CO2 emissions.

Abstract: A methanol plant is provided in which a first feed comprising CO2 and a second feed comprising H2 are provided, the combined feed is shifted in a CO2 shift unit so as to provide a first synthesis gas stream. Water is removed in a water removal unit, to provide a second synthesis gas stream. A methanol synthesis section receives the second synthesis gas stream, and provides a product stream comprising methanol. A process for producing a product stream comprising methanol, and a process for upgrading a methanol plant are also provided.

Abstract: Ammonia synthesis process and plant comprising an ammonia synthesis converter and a downstream ammonia cooling system, wherein the ammonia synthesis converter is arranged to receive an ammonia synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and nitrogen and to produce an ammonia product gas stream and an off-gas ammonia stream; said ammonia cooling system comprising:—an ammonia evaporator for evaporating an ammonia liquid stream and generating an ammonia vapor stream;—an off-gas cleaning unit for cleaning said off-gas ammonia stream under the addition of water as a scrubbing agent, generating a water stream and an ammonia depleted off-gas stream;—an absorption cooling unit comprising water for cooling said ammonia vapor stream and collecting a condensed ammonia-water stream;—a regeneration unit for generating from said condensed ammonia-water stream: a purified water stream, said ammonia liquid stream, and an overhead ammonia gas stream.

Abstract: A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, said process including the steps of: steam reforming a hydrocarbon feed into a synthesis gas; shifting the synthesis gas and conducting the shifted gas to a hydrogen purification unit, subjecting CO2-rich off-gas from the hydrogen purification unit to a carbon dioxide removal in a low temperature CO2-removal section and recycling CO2-depleted off-gas rich in hydrogen to the process. A drying unit upstream the CO2-removal section is provided, under the addition of regeneration gas produced in the plant and process.

Abstract: A plant, such as a hydrocarbon plant, is provided, which has a syngas stage for syngas generation and a synthesis stage where the syngas is synthesized to produce syngas derived product, such as hydrocarbon product. The plant makes effective use of various streams; in particular, CO2 and H2. The plant does not comprise an external feed of hydrocarbons. A method for producing a product stream, such as a hydrocarbon product stream is also provided.

Abstract: Process and plant for hydrotreating a liquid oil feedstock stream comprising the steps of i) conducting the liquid oil feedstock stream to a stabilization step by reacting the liquid oil stream with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst for producing a stabilized composition, and separating therefrom: a stabilized stream comprising a gas phase, and a stabilized liquid oil stream; ii) providing a main hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) step, comprising: ii)-1 conducting at least a portion of said stabilized stream comprising a gas phase, or a stabilized feed stream combining at least a portion of said stabilized stream comprising a gas phase and a portion of said stabilized liquid oil stream, to a main hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) step in a first bed active in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), thereby producing a first main hydrotreated effluent stream; ii-2) combining at least a portion of said stabilized liquid oil stream with said first main hydrotreated effl-uent stream, thereby producing a first mixed stabilized gas-liquid oi

Abstract: A process for producing a C3 olefin product stream and a hydrocarbon stream comprising hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range, the process comprising: passing a feedstock stream comprising oxygenates over a catalyst active in the conversion of oxygenates for producing a first olefin stream; conducting the first olefin stream to a first separation step and withdrawing thereof a liquid hydrocarbon fraction comprising at least 50 wt % of the C3-olefins contained in the first olefin stream; conducting the liquid hydrocarbon fraction to a fractionation step and separating therefrom said C3 olefin product stream and the olefin product stream; and converting the olefin product stream into the hydrocarbon stream comprising hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range, particularly sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), by subsequent oligomerization and hydrogenation. The invention provides also a plant for conducting the process.

Abstract: A plant including a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) section including a first feed including hydrogen to the RWGS section, and a second feed including carbon dioxide to the RWGS section, or a combined feed comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide to the e-RWGS section, a water removal section downstream the RWGS section, a compressor downstream the water removal section, and a cryogenic CO2 separation section downstream the compressor, wherein the plant has means for recycling at least a portion of a CO2 rich condensate to the RWGS section or to a feed to the RWGS section, and wherein the RWGS section is an electrically heated RWGS (e-RWGS) section.

Abstract: A reactor system and a process for carrying out the methanol cracking and reverse water gas shift reaction of a feedstock comprising methanol to synthesis gas are provided, where the heat for the endothermic methanol cracking and reverse water gas shift reaction is provided by resistance heating.

Abstract: An offshore installation or offshore vessel is provided which comprises a reactor system for carrying out steam reforming of a feed gas comprising hydrocarbons.