Abstract: Method for the preparation of synthesis gas combining electrolysis of water, tubular steam reforming and autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbon feed stock.

Abstract: Process and plant for producing a gasoline product from an oxygenate feed stream, the process including the provision of a methanol-to-gasoline reactor in a gasoline synthesis loop. The process and plant may include combination of an overhead stream from a de-ethanizer, e.g. a fractionation column, located downstream the cooling and separation of the raw gasoline produced in the methanol-to-gasoline reactor, in the gasoline synthesis loop.

Abstract: A catalyst for use in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides. The catalyst comprises a ceramic candle filter substrate and a coating. The coating comprises an oxidic metal carrier comprising an oxide of titanium and a catalytic metal oxide which comprises an oxide of vanadium. The mass ratio of vanadium/titanium is 0.03 to 0.27, the mass ratio being calculated based on the mass of vanadium metal and titanium metal. The catalyst comprises from about 1 to about 10% by weight of the catalytically active material. The catalytic metal oxide is adsorbed onto the surface of the oxidic metal carrier.

Abstract: A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, said process comprising the steps of: reforming a hydrocarbon feed in a reforming step thereby obtaining a synthesis gas comprising CH4, CO, CO2, H2 and H2O; shifting said synthesis gas in a shift configuration including a high temperature shift step; removal of CO2 upstream hydrogen purification unit, such as a pressure swing adsorption unit (PSA), and recycling off-gas from hydrogen purification unit and mix it with natural gas upstream prereformer feed preheater, prereformer, reformer feed preheater or ATR or shift as feed for the process.

Abstract: A process and a process plant for conversion of SO2 to H2SO4 including a. directing a process gas stream including at least 15 vol % SO2, and an amount of O2 originating from a source of purified O2 or O2 enriched air to contact a first material catalytically active in oxidation of SO2 to SO3 under oxidation conditions involving a maximum steady state temperature of the catalytically active material above 700° C., to provide an oxidized process gas stream, wherein the material catalytically active in oxidation of SO2 to SO3 includes an active phase in which the weight ration of vanadium to other metals is at least 2:1 supported on a porous carrier comprising at least 25 wt % crystalline silica, b. absorbing at least an amount of the produced SO3 in a stream of lean sulfuric acid to provide a stream of liquid sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A process and a process plant for conversion of a reactive liquid feedstock stream containing at least 40 wt % carbon, including the steps of directing a diluent stream, having a first combined hydrogen consumption potential and the reactive liquid feedstock stream as a combined stream having a first hydrogen consumption potential, to contact a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment which during operation has a lowest temperature of at least 80° C. and a highest temperature of less than 250° C. in the presence of dihydrogen, withdrawing a stabilized composition stream having a second combined hydrogen consumption potential which is less than 80% and more than 10% of the first hydrogen consumption potential, and providing an amount of the liquid phase of said stabilized composition stream as said diluent stream wherein the hydrogen consumption potential for a composition is the amount of hydrogen required for conversion of the composition into a saturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A process for conversion of a feedstock originating from thermal decomposition of solids, containing from at least 0.5 wt % nitrogen and less than 15 wt % nitrogen, including the steps of directing the feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment under active hydrotreatment conditions in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide a hydrotreated intermediate, adjusting one or more conditions of the hydrotreated intermediate stream to active hydrodearomatization conditions where the equilibrium between aromatic nitrogen compounds and non-aromatic nitrogen-free compounds is shifted towards non-aromatic nitrogen-free compounds, directing at least an amount of the hydrotreated intermediate to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodearomatization under the active hydrodearomatization conditions, in the presence of dihydrogen, to provide a further converted intermediate.

Abstract: A process and plant for producing hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range, comprising the steps: optionally passing a feedstock stream comprising oxygenates over a catalyst thereby forming an olefin stream; passing the olefin stream trough a combined oligomerization and hydrogenation step thereby producing a hydrocarbon stream comprising said hydrocarbons boiling in the jet fuel range.

Abstract: A Solid Oxide Cell stack has an integrated interconnect and spacer. which is formed by bending a surplus part of the plate interconnect 180° to form a spacer part on top of the interconnect and connected to the interconnect at least by the bend and also providing a fixture for a contact enabling layer which is located on at least one side of the integrated interconnect and spacer.

Abstract: A process plant and a process for production of a hydrocarbon fraction suitable for use as jet fuel from a feedstock being a renewable feedstock or an oxygenate feedstock, including combining the feedstock with an amount of a hydrocracked intermediate product and optionally an additional liquid diluent, to form a combined feedstock, directing the combined feedstock to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation under hydrotreating conditions to provide a hydrodeoxygenated intermediate product, separating the hydrodeoxygenated intermediate product in at least two fractions; a vapor fraction and a liquid fraction, directing at least an amount of the liquid fraction to contact a material catalytically active in isomerization under isomerization conditions to provide an isomerized intermediate product, fractionating said isomerized intermediate product to provide at least a hydrocarbon suitable for use as jet fuel and a bottom fraction, hydrocracking the bottom fraction to provide the hydrocrack

Abstract: A structured body for heating system for carrying out heating of a pressurized feed gas is provided, where the heat is provided by resistance heating by means of electrical power.

Abstract: Process and system for producing an ammonia synthesis gas, the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a separate stream comprising nitrogen by pressure swing absorption of ambient air; (b) providing a separate stream comprising hydrogen by electrolysis of water and/or steam; (c) combining the separate streams obtained in steps a) and b) into a mixed stream comprising hydrogen and nitrogen; (d) pressurizing the mixed stream from step (c); and (e) removing residual amounts of oxygen further contained in the mixed stream by catalytic hydrogenation of the oxygen with a part of the hydrogen contained in the mixed stream upstream step (d) and/or downstream step (d) and/or during step (d) to produce the ammonia synthesis gas.

Abstract: A chemical reactor including reformer tubes for reforming a first feed stream including a hydrocarbon gas and steam. The chemical reactor includes one or more reformer tubes arranged to being heated by an electrically driven heat source. The reformer tube includes a first inlet for feeding said first feed stream into a first reforming reaction zone of the reformer tube, and a feed conduit arranged to allow a second feed stream into a second reforming reaction zone of the reformer tube. The second reforming reaction zone is positioned downstream of the first reforming reaction zone. The feed conduit is configured so that the second feed stream is only in contact with catalyst material in the second reforming reaction zone. A process of producing CO rich synthesis gas at low S/C conditions.

Abstract: A porous material including alumina, the alumina including alpha-alumina, the porous material including one or more metals selected from Co, Mo, Ni, W and combinations thereof, and the porous material having a BET-surface area of 1-110 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.50-0.80 ml/g, as measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry, and a pore size distribution (PSD) with at least 30 vol % of the total pore volume being in pores with a radius ?400 ?, suitably pores with a radius ?500 ?. A process for removing impurities such as phosphorous (P) from a feedstock, by contacting the feedstock with a guard bed including the above porous material. A guard bed for a hydrotreatment system including the porous material, a hydrotreatment system including a guard bed which includes the porous material and a downstream hydrotreatment section including at least one hydrotreatment catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an ammonia cooling circuit of an ammonia synthesis plant for preventing pressure variations in the cooling circuit due to varying load or outlet temperatures, wherein the method comprises: iii-1) adapting the liquid level of condensing ammonia inside the ammonia condensing unit of the cooling circuit according to the pressure of the compressed ammonia vapor stream, in which the ammonia condensing unit is a tube-shell heat exchanger; and/or iii-2) adapting the flow of cooling medium to the ammonia condensing unit according to the pressure of the compressed ammonia vapor stream of the cooling circuit; and/or iii-3) adapting the temperature of cooling medium directed to the ammonia condensing unit by recycling a portion of the cooling medium return stream.

Abstract: A process for producing a catalyst, comprising the steps of modifying a carrier by a first impregnation with at least one alkaline earth metal in a first metal precursor solution, the first metal precursor being decomposed to form at least one metal oxide or metal hydroxide, thereby obtaining a modified carrier. A second impregnation is carried out by incipient wetness by a second precursor solution comprising at least one metal Me in a second solution. Finally, the second precursor is decomposed, thereby obtaining a catalyst body having an enrichment of the at least one metal Me in the outer shell of the catalyst body, the metal being present in a concentration having either as an egg-shell profile or a hammock profile.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for production of a hydrocarbon fraction from an oxygenate feedstock, comprising the steps of providing a process feed comprising an amount of an ammonia precursor, hydrogen and an amount of oxygenates at a temperature above 200° C., directing said process feed to contact a material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) under hydrotreating conditions to provide a hydrodeoxygenated intermediate product, wherein said ammonia precursor provides an amount of ammonia corresponding to a partial pressure of NH3 in the presence of said material catalytically active in hydrodeoxygenation being at least 0.1 mbar, This has the associated benefit that the ammonia precursor releases ammonia by thermal reaction, such that the presence of ammonia may limit the extent of formation of high boiling product in the hydrodeoxygenation process.

Abstract: A novel steam reforming catalyst comprising hibonite and potassium beta-alumina with improved resilience, improved activity, reduced potassium leaching and reduced coking problems. It also regards a method for producing the novel catalyst and uses of the novel catalyst in reforming reactors, in a plant for producing hydrogen gas, or in a plant for producing synthesis gas, or as a guard bed in a steam reforming process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for transient operation of a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack having a cathode side and an anode side, the method comprising: supplying a flush gas comprising CO2 to said anode side; and applying a small electrolysis current of 0.001-0.05 A/cm2 active cell area, such as 0.01-0.05 A/cm2 active cell area, to the cells in the SOEC stack, for thereby generating oxygen in the anode side or for transporting to the anode side any oxygen already available in the cathode side. The method comprises also operating the SOEC stack during shut-down with a flush gas comprising CO2 on the anode side, and recycling anode product gas comprising oxygen being generated under prior normal operation of the SOEC stack, with no small current being applied. By the invention it is possible to generate small amounts of O2 to safeguard the pO2 and stability of the oxy-electrode in the anode side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic heat exchange reactor for carrying out endothermic or exothermic catalytic reactions with at least one helical upward flow around the heat transfer tubes and a central mixed gas tube.