Abstract: A method of synchronizing a feedforward filter that receives a signal resulting from the transmission of a series of symbols through a channel, wherein the series of symbols includes a predetermined sequence of symbols includes the step of developing a plurality of samples from the received symbols, wherein a sequence of samples corresponds to the predetermined sequence of symbols. The method may further include the steps of estimating a channel impulse response from the plurality of samples, wherein the channel impulse response estimate is represented by a plurality of correlation values, identifying a maximum correlation value from the plurality of correlation values, defining a window relative to the maximum correlation value, calculating a characteristic of the correlation values within the window, and synchronizing the feedforward filter in accordance with the characteristic.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for processing received data (I1/Q1, I2/Q2; d1, d2) of a radio interface, wherein the received data includes a sequence of data which have been transmitted for the purpose of error reduction through different branches of a carrier (Rk) of the radio interface, and which are combined into a sequence of data (DATAOUT) to be outputted, wherein the combining is implemented on the basis of carrier information values (Req,k, SINRk) of the different branches (k) relative to each other. A maximum ratio combining (MRC) is implemented in which the amplitudes of the branches of the carrier information (Req,1, (Req,2) are combined using a division method as a function of a disturbance information value (MIX, SINR1, SINR2) of the branches (k).

Abstract: A method and system is provided for reducing mosquito noise in a digital image. The method and system receives an input luminance value for a first pixel in the digital image, and determines whether the first pixel is in relative close proximity to an object appearing in the digital image, based on a comparison of the variation between the input luminance value for the first pixel and luminance values of a first plurality of neighboring pixels. If the first pixel is in relative close proximity to an object, the method performs an average filtering of the input luminance value for the first pixel, based on the luminance values of a second plurality of neighboring pixels, to provide a filtered luminance value for the first pixel.

Abstract: In a device for processing baseband signal images (BS), a film detector determines whether a same baseband signal image includes both information from a film image and information from a video source image, information from one film image being present in at least two baseband signal images while information from one video source image is present in only one baseband signal image. A processing unit processing the baseband signal images in such a manner that in the presence of both information from the film image and information from the video source image in the same baseband signal image, for each film image only one of the at least two baseband signal images is used to obtain a display signal image (DS).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of setting contrast in digital image processing in which a brightness distribution in the form of a histogram is produced from image pixels and the histogram is revised with the help of transfer functions, and in which a linear increase in contrast takes place in a region of the image.

Abstract: A processor architecture, for example, a SIMD processor architecture, includes at least two arithmetic/logic units to implement data processing, a data memory arrangement or a memory device interface to a memory arrangement to store data of different data types, an addressing unit to generate access addresses for the data to be stored in the data memory arrangement, and an address memory arrangement to store access addresses. The access addresses are logically linked to the given data type of the data, and/or a distribution of the data to the arithmetic/logic units is dependent on the access addresses, and/or a storage of the output data as the data is dependent on the access addresses.

Abstract: An LDPC decoder, applicable to LDPC codes including codes where check nodes within the same group are connected to a common bit node, successively processes groups of check nodes in a particular iteration, including updating bit nodes in that same iteration responsive to messages generated in response to processing a group of check nodes. Within an iteration, the LDPC decoder may also track the number of unresolved parity check equations, and cease iterating or output to an outer block decoder if that number reaches a local minima or standard minimum, falls below a predetermined threshold, or its rate of change falls below a predetermined threshold, indicating a lack of convergence or false convergence condition. The LDPC decoder may also provide a feedback assist to a demodulator. Also, a novel memory configuration may store messages generated by the decoder in the course of check node processing.

Abstract: A memory device containing data to be protected is integrated with a microprocessor and includes a first and a second memory portion with different accessibilities. The integration of the memory device on the same integrated circuit (IC) or chip as the microprocessor permits a combination of protective hardware and software measures that are not possible with a memory device that is on a different IC than the microprocessor. The first memory portion holds an initialization program that also serves as a boot program during decryption, and the second memory portion holds a user program, for example, a program for decrypting and/or decoding received data. Such data may be, for example, audio data encoded according to the MP3 standard and encrypted with a secret or public password against unauthorized reception.

Abstract: A cascaded integrator comb filter includes a first integrator that receives an input signal x[n] and provides an integrated signal, and a fractional integrator that also receives the input signal x[n] and provides a fractional integrated signal. A summer sums the integrated signal and the fractional integrated signal and provides a summed signal indicative thereof to a second integrator, which receives and integrates the summed signal to provide a second integrator output signal. A decimator unit receives the second integrator output signal and provides a decimated signal to a differentiator that receives the decimated signal and provides a differentiated signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of video compression and, more specifically, to a video encoding method applied to an input sequence of frames in which each frame is subdivided into blocks of arbitrary size.

Abstract: In a quadrature amplitude (QAM) demodulator, an auxiliary symbol may be utilized in place of the decision symbol to adjust the decision-feedback loops within the demodulator. For the formation and definition of the auxiliary symbol, the radius and angle information of the received signal or of the preliminary symbol may be used. Through use of the auxiliary symbol instead of the decision symbol, any error in the angle information due to the unknown frequency and phase deviation of the local oscillator may be ignored. An auxiliary symbol generator may be provided which, instead of assigning to the received signal an element from the predetermined symbol alphabet, generates an auxiliary symbol that lies on the most probable one of the nominal radii. Nominal radii may mean those radii on which in QAM the predetermined symbols of the alphabet lie in the plane determined by the quadrature signal pair. For the angle component of the auxiliary symbol, the angle information of the sampled digital signal may be used.

Abstract: An adaptive filter that processes a sequence of input data includes a backward-looking predictive filter, which responsive to the input data and predictive filters the input data using a first set of filter tap weights and provides first predictive filtered data indicative thereof A first delay device delays the input data for a first period of time and provides a first delayed input data. A forward-looking predictive filter is responsive to the first delayed input data, and predictive filters the delayed input data using a second set of filter tap weights that are the complex-conjugate of the first set of filter tap weights, and provides second predictive filtered data indicative thereof. An adder sums the first predictive filtered data together with the second predictive filtered data and provides output data indicative thereof.

Abstract: A method of reducing mosquito noise in a digital image. As mosquito noise is often most plainly visible in the “background” of an image (e.g., the sky or some other backdrop to objects within an image), the luminance value of the background of the image is first determined. Then, the luminances of the pixels of the image are compared against this “background luminance” to determine which should be considered as part of this background. The luminances of these background pixels are then averaged so as to smooth out the representation of the background, and reduce mosquito noise.

Abstract: An erasures assisted block code decoder and related method are provided. The erasures assisted block code decoder includes a first block decoder, an erasures processor, and a second block code decoder. The first block decoder, for example, a Reed-Solomon decoder, is configured to decode blocks of data elements, e.g., bytes, that were previously affected by bursty errors. The first block decoder is also configured to identify those of such blocks it is unable to decode. The erasures processor is configured to identify, as erasures, data elements in the un-decodable blocks by utilizing, in the erasures identification process, data elements in the decoded blocks that were corrected by the first block decoder. The second block decoder, e.g., the same or different Reed-Solomon decoder, is configured to decode one or more of the un-decodable blocks by utilizing, in the decoding, the erasures identified by the erasures processor.

Abstract: A receiver circuit processes a received signal to determine information regarding a guard interval therein. The receiver circuit typically forms digital samples from the received signal; generates a correlation function with peaks at positions that are determined by the size of the guard interval and a position of the guard interval within the received signal. The receiver circuit includes one or more comb filters, each corresponding to a possible guard interval size, each receiving a series of locations at which the correlation function exceeds a predetermined threshold, and each producing an output that provides information about the guard interval size and/or position. This advantageously allows the receiver circuit to determine the guard interval size quickly, for example, even in the case of received signals with relatively low signal-noise ratio.

Abstract: A methods and devices for polyphase resampling are presented which may comprise a coefficient generator which provides a plurality of coefficients and an interpolation arrangement used to carry out the resampling by means of the coefficients applied to input data provided for resampling in order to provide output data. In one possible implementation the coefficient generator is constructed and/or controlled so as to provide the coefficients for the resampling in the form of linearly interpolated coefficients. In another alternative implementation, a plurality of at least two data interpolation filters are provided for the interpolation of a corresponding number of parallel input data, wherein the coefficients are input to each of the data interpolation filters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a digital data filtering circuit. This digital data filtering circuit is able to implement the calculation steps of a discrete transform of a set of 8 original data (w), and calculating an inverse discrete transform of the set of transformed data thus obtained. For this purpose, it comprises a first filtering module (FILo1) intended to filter the odd transformed data or the 3 odd transformed data items having the highest frequencies in the set of transformed data, and a second filtering module (FILo2) connected to the first filtering module and intended to filter the 2 odd transformed data having the highest frequencies in the set of transformed data.

Abstract: A known sequence of symbols is located within a transmitted sequence of symbols by estimating the phase differences between offset symbols within a portion or more of the transmitted sequence, estimating the phase differences between offset symbols in the known sequence, and determining that the symbols within the portion or more of the transmitted sequence are the known sequence if the phase difference estimates determined from the symbols within the portion or more of the transmitted sequence are substantially equal to the phase difference estimates determined from the known sequence.

Abstract: In a method to determine a selection vector that indicates a displacement of an image area from a first position in a first image to a second position in a second image, a set of prediction vectors and a set of test vectors are provided. Using selected test vectors, an image comparison is performed to supply an image comparison result for each selected test vector. The selected test vectors and at least one prediction vector are compared to provide at least one test vector comparison result for each selected test vector. The image comparison result and the at least one test vector comparison result are linked to provide at least one quality characteristic for each selected test vector. A ranking order is determined for these quality characteristics, where at least one test vector is selected as the displacement vector based on the ranking order determined.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for determining the carrier frequency difference during the demodulating of received symbols (P1, P2) in the complex phase space (I, Q; R, ?) of a quadrature modulation method (QAM), wherein to determine the frequency the received symbols are compared with symbols (S1, S2) at nominal positions in the complex signal space. In order to make the determination independent of a rotation of the coordinate system of the received signals with respect to the coordinate system of the symbols, it is proposed to determine the angle (?(P1, P2)) between two received signal values (P1, P2) and compare it to possible nominal angles of the quadrature modulation method. An angle deviation between the determined angle of the received signal values and the nominal angle can be used as a direct measure of a frequency deviation (?f).