Abstract: There is provided a control unit for a surveying instrument having a base mounted on a support structure and a main body rotatable in relation to said base. The control unit is configured to produce a fused angle signal representative of an angular position of said main body relative to an external reference, and to provide a control signal for rotating said main body. The control unit further comprises: a resonance frequency finder configured to estimate at least one resonance frequency associated with said support structure, and a filter component configured to selectively apply at least one filter on said control signal, said fused angle signal, or said first angle signal, wherein an applied filter is configured to filter out a corresponding respective resonance frequency estimated by said resonance frequency finder. There is also provided a surveying instrument comprising such a control unit, and a method for controlling a surveying instrument.

Abstract: Techniques for operating an augmented reality (AR) device using a robotic total station (RTS) are described. An RTS reference frame is correlated with an AR reference frame. A set of RTS measurements are received from the RTS including a distance and an angle from the RTS to a reflector of the AR device. An RTS point within the RTS reference frame is determined based on the distance and the angle. An AR point is determined within the AR reference frame based on a set of vision-based or inertia-based measurements. The RTS reference frame and/or the AR reference frame is shifted to align the RTS point with the AR point. The RTS reference frame and/or the AR reference frame is rotated to align an RTS vector formed using the RTS point with an AR vector formed using the AR point.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention relate to methods carried out by a navigation satellite system (NSS) receiver for estimating parameters useful to determine a position. The NSS receiver observes NSS signals from a plurality of NSS satellites. The method comprises performing a delta-carrier-phase-observables-computation procedure. It is further determined whether a criterion, indicative of (i) continuity of carrier phase measurements from an anchor epoch to a terminus epoch, and/or (ii) stability of NSS satellite measurement geometry from the anchor epoch to the terminus epoch, is satisfied, and, if not, the anchor epoch is moved forward. Then, after determining whether the criterion is satisfied and after either moving the anchor epoch or not, the delta-carrier-phase-observables-computation procedure is performed again for a new terminus epoch. Systems and vehicles using such a method are also disclosed.

Abstract: An orientation of a rover, such as a surveying rod or a robot, is used for tilt-compensated surveying. A surveying device, separate from the rover measures a position of a first part of the rover. A position of a second part of the rover is calculated based on measuring the position of the first part of the rover, the orientation of the rover, and a known relation between the first part of the rover and the second part of the rover.

Abstract: Image data representing a two-dimensional image is received. Symbols are extracted from the image data using a detection service. The symbols are encoded into representation vectors, each representing distinct symbols. A labeled two-dimensional image is generated by (i) performing a comparison between a representation vector and representation vectors of symbols included in a library of known symbols, (ii) in accordance with determining that the corresponding representation vector exceeds a threshold similarity with a particular representation vector, applying a first label to the symbol, wherein the first label is a label of a first symbol that is represented by the particular representation vector, and (iii) in accordance with determining that the corresponding representation vector does not exceed the threshold similarity with representation vectors, applying a second label to the symbol.

Abstract: Described herein are systems, methods, and other techniques for localizing an interference signal relative to a GNSS receiver. A method includes collecting a first phase difference measurement using first and second antennas and a first angle measurement using an inertial sensor. The method includes collecting a second phase difference measurement using the first and second antennas and a second angle measurement using the inertial sensor. The method includes searching a phase difference map using the first and second phase difference measurements and an angle offset between the first and second angle measurements to identify a compatible set of phase differences in the phase difference map. The angle of arrival of the interference signal is estimated based on indices of the compatible set of phase differences in the phase difference map.

Abstract: There is provided a computer-implemented method for identifying a target object in a 3D point cloud. The 3D point cloud representing a real-world scene, and the method comprise obtaining plurality of 2D frames of the 3D point cloud depicting the target object at a respective plurality of different angles, identifying the target object in each of the plurality of 2D frames and based on identifying the object in each of the plurality of 2D frames, identifying a set of points in the 3D point cloud that represent the target object.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a surveying instrument and to a method of operating a surveying instrument for tracking of a target including a plurality of light emitting elements and/or a plurality of light reflecting elements configured to emit and/or reflect light radially. The surveying instrument includes a tracking unit configured to adjust a sighting axis of said surveying instrument towards said target by maintaining a predetermined distribution of signal levels on a light sensitive detector. The method comprises obtaining an error function representative of a misalignment of said sighting axis with respect to a reference point in the target as a function of an orientation of the target relative to said surveying instrument, receiving information indicative of an orientation of said target relative to said surveying instrument while tracking said target, retrieving an error from said error function based on the received information, and compensating for the retrieved error.

Abstract: A surveying instrument is provided. The surveying instrument comprises a distance measurement unit and a first optical receiver. The distance measurement unit comprises a transmitter and a detector. The transmitter is configured to emit light via a first optical path. The detector is configured to receive light via the first optical path. The first optical receiver is adapted to receive light via a second optical path. The first optical path includes a front lens, a beam splitting unit, and at least one first focus adjusting element. The at least one first focus adjusting element is configured to adjust a focus of the distance measurement unit. The second optical path includes the front lens, the beam splitting unit and at least one second focus adjusting element. The at least one second focus adjusting element is configured to adjust a focus of the first optical receiver. The beam splitting unit is configured to split the first optical path from the second optical path.

Abstract: There is provided a surveying pole comprising a pole arrangement and a target internally arranged in the pole arrangement, the target being configured to reflect and/or refract light depending on a medium in contact with a surface of the target. A top unit mounted on the pole arrangement comprises a detector unit configured to emit light for propagation in the pole arrangement towards the target, and detect light reflected by the target. Said pole arrangement comprises a first portion forming a reservoir adapted to collect liquid, such that a collected liquid is in contact with said surface of the target. The surveying pole further comprises a control unit configured to, upon an absence of detected light reflected by the target, or upon a decrease in energy level of the detected light reflected by the target, generate a warning signal.

Abstract: A method for generating a point cloud from an image of a scene, the method comprising: obtaining image data representing an image of a scene as captured by an image sensor; generating, based on the image data, an estimated point cloud comprising a plurality of estimated point positions corresponding to features of the scene, by using a machine-learning model trained to estimate point positions from such image data; selecting one or more features of the scene; obtaining, a measured point cloud comprising a plurality of measured point positions measured using electronic distance measurement, said plurality of measured point positions comprising at least respective measured point positions corresponding to the selected one or more features; comparing respective ones of the estimated point positions that correspond to the selected one or more features, and the respective ones of the measured point positions that correspond to the selected one or more features; determining based on the comparison, a transformation

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for transmitting changes during collaborative model editing is disclosed. The method comprises running a modelling application configured to model physical structures as model objects and receiving a reference model object, wherein the reference model object is representative of at least part of a first model object. The method comprises creating a transmission object comprising at least one of a proxy model object comprising a modified version of the reference model object and a second model object. The method further comprises creating a reference transmission object, wherein the reference transmission object is representative of at least part of the transmission object, and transmitting the reference transmission object.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is disclosed, comprising: receiving, by one or more large language models, LLMs, one or more natural language system prompts which, when processed, causes the one or more LLMs to perform a system method.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention pertain to methods for orientation estimation or at least for generating information based on which orientation estimation can be derived, and to methods for pose parameters estimation or at least for generating information based on which pose parameters estimation can be derived. The methods may comprise operating an IMU, operating a sensor and/or acquiring an initial estimate, operating an external gyroscope or external accelerometer if available and activated, and operating an estimator using state variables with values computed based on information provided thereto. Data from the external gyroscope or accelerometer may be provided as a data stream that need not be synchronized in time with provided IMU-based information. Systems, vehicles, survey poles, computer programs, and computer program products for using and/or carrying out such methods are also disclosed, among other things and features.

Abstract: A surveying instrument for surveying a scene including a target is provided. The surveying instrument comprises a front lens comprising an optical axis, and a multimode fiber comprising a core. The surveying instrument comprises a transmitter arrangement comprising a two dimensional array of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). A first end of the multimode fiber is arranged to receive at least a portion of a light beam emitted by the transmitter arrangement for illuminating a major part of the core of the multimode fiber. A second end of the multimode fiber is arranged at the front lens for transmitting a beam coincident with the optical axis towards the scene including the target. The surveying instrument comprises a receiver configured to receive light reflected at the target via an optical path separate from the multimode fiber. The optical path includes the front lens, and the optical path coincides with the optical axis at the front lens.

Abstract: The present inventive concept relates to a total station (10), a calibration method (70) for a total station, and a method (60) for determining an internal calibration reference for a total station.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention pertain to methods for estimating an offset between clocks of separate devices, for example for clock synchronization purposes. The devices are moving, at least for a period of time, with respect to each other. An estimator is operated, which computes values of its state variables based on time-tagged measurement data from the respective devices, wherein the time-tagged measurement data represents a motion of a first device measured, on the one hand, by the first device and, on the other hand, by a second device. The method does not necessarily depend on good GNSS coverage. Systems and devices for carrying the method, or a part thereof, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A parasitically-coupled dual-band patch antenna is described. The antenna includes an inner conductor having one or more feed holes. The antenna also includes an outer conductor surrounding the inner conductor in a radial direction. The antenna further includes one or more feeds each having a vertical portion that passes through the feed holes and a horizontal portion that extends in an outward direction from the feed holes toward the outer conductor. The feeds are conductively connected to the outer conductor. The horizontal portion of each of the feeds is separated from and is conductively disconnected from a top surface of the inner conductor.

Abstract: A device for determining coordinates of a location can include two GNSS receiver antennas positioned in fixed relation to each other and separated by a short baseline. Signals received from the two receiver antennas can be processed to estimate a degree to a multipath effect may be impairing reliability of observables extracted from the received signals. Where both antennas observe signals at the same carrier frequency from the same satellite, each antenna can determine a carrier phase, and a single-difference carrier phase (SDCP) can be computed and used to estimate multipath effects. Where both antennas observe signals at two (or more) carrier frequencies from the same satellite, a “geometry-free” SDCP can be computed and used to estimate multipath effects. Observations of different satellites can be weighted based on the estimated multipath effects.

Abstract: Techniques for autonomous vehicle boundary intersection detection and avoidance are described. In an example, a geofence boundary is received at a display coupled to a control module of a vehicle. A 2D footprint is generated using a definition of the vehicle and an implement coupled to the vehicle. Using geographic coordinates for the vehicle, a current position and orientation for the footprint are determined. A 2D projection footprint is generated for the vehicle using the current position and orientation, a current steering state, and a direction of travel. A first distance from the current position and orientation at which the projection footprint intersects with the boundary is determined. Based on the first distance, the speed of the vehicle is maintained at or below a maximum speed.