Abstract: A transdermal delivery device to passively deliver active agents to a biological interface includes an active agent reservoir comprising a first active agent of a first polarity; an outer active agent membrane taking the form of an ion-exchange membrane of a second polarity, an interfacial layer having a plurality of freely diffusible monovalent co-ions of the first polarity and having a first side adjacent to the outer active agent membrane and a second side configured to contact a biological interface.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved dental tool drive arrangement for a handpiece with a drive head, the tool drive arrangement permitting length adjustment of the tool in the drive head by concentrically supporting the tool in the drive head at any position from a fully inserted position to a maximum retracted position. The tool drive arrangement preferably includes a tool and a rotatable tool supporting element for concentrically supporting the tool from the fully inserted to the maximum retracted position, the tool preferably including a maximum retraction indicator for indicating to a user when the tool has been retracted to the maximum retraction position. This provides a significant advantage over the prior art by allowing a user to adjust the exposed length of a rotatable tool, preferably a dental bur, without exceeding safe operating limits.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved dental tool drive arrangement for a handpiece with a drive head, the tool drive arrangement permitting length adjustment of the tool in the drive head by concentrically supporting the tool in the drive head at any position from a fully inserted position to a maximum retracted position. The tool drive arrangement preferably includes a tool and a rotatable tool supporting element for concentrically supporting the tool from the fully inserted to the maximum retracted position, the tool preferably including a maximum retraction indicator for indicating to a user when the tool has been retracted to the maximum retraction position. This provides a significant advantage over the prior art by allowing a user to adjust the exposed length of a rotatable tool, preferably a dental bur, without exceeding safe operating limits.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for evaluating iontophoresis devices. An impedance spectrometer is operable to determine an impedance of an iontophoresis device and a controller configured to perform a comparison of the measured impedance of the iontophoresis device to stored reference data, and to generate a response based in part on the comparison.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iontophoresis device with high administration efficient of a drug. An iontophoresis device, including an active electrode structure including: an electrode to which a positive electrical potential is applied; a drug holding part for holding a drug solution containing positively charged drug ions, the drug holding part being placed on a front side of the electrode; a cellulose-based resin film placed on a front side of the drug holding part or a complex film composed of a cation exchange membrane and a cellulose-based resin film placed on a front side of the cation exchange membrane, the complex film being placed on a front side of the drug holding part, in which the drug ions are administered through the cellulose-based resin film.

Abstract: A system having a server having processing circuitry and an operation manager configured to compare source geometric data of each of a plurality of features in a source geometric model with target geometric data of respective features in a target geometric model, and operative to identify discrepancies in respective features therebetween. The server is configured to rectify discrepancies in a feature after generating the feature and prior to generating another feature among the plurality of features. The system further includes a communication link, at least one client communicating with the server over the communication link, and an interrupt interface provided by one of the at least one client and the server and operative to notify a user of the presence of an inability to automatically generate an accurate representation of a feature of the source geometric model in the target geometric model.

Abstract: A dental handpiece is disclosed including a turbine construction creating a radial in flow of air onto the impeller blades about the whole circumference of the turbine. This generates additional torque and avoids asymmetrical thrust on the impeller wheel. A pair of axially spaced air bearings support the turbine. Air supply to the bearings is controlled in such a way that the air bearings are floated before drive air is supplied to the turbine and after drive air to the turbine has been shut off. This ensures that the air bearings are always operational irrespective of the operational state of the turbine. The handpiece has an improved ergonomic shape, especially the shape and configuration of the front or drive head, which provides additional tooth clearance and a better field of view. An angled swivel connection to the umbilical cord is provided which reduces physical strain on the dentist's wrist.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iontophoresis device with high administration efficient of a drug. An iontophoresis device, including an active electrode structure including: an electrode to which a positive electrical potential is applied; a drug holding part for holding a drug solution containing positively charged drug ions, the drug holding part being placed on a front side of the electrode; a cellulose-based resin film placed on a front side of the drug holding part or a complex film composed of a cation exchange membrane and a cellulose-based resin film placed on a front side of the cation exchange membrane, the complex film being placed on a front side of the drug holding part, in which the drug ions are administered through the cellulose-based resin film.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved dental tool drive arrangement for a handpiece with a drive head, the tool drive arrangement permitting length adjustment of the tool in the drive head by concentrically supporting the tool in the drive head at any position from a fully inserted position to a maximum retracted position. The tool drive arrangement preferably includes a tool and a rotatable tool supporting element for concentrically supporting the tool from the fully inserted to the maximum retracted position, the tool preferably including a maximum retraction indicator for indicating to a user when the tool has been retracted to the maximum retraction position. This provides a significant advantage over the prior art by allowing a user to adjust the exposed length of a rotatable tool, preferably a dental bur, without exceeding safe operating limits.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for iontophoresis including an electrode coupled to an electric power source device having a same polarity as that of the ionic drug in the electrode assembly, an electrolyte solution holding portion holding an electrolyte solution by being impregnated with the electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution holding portion being placed adjacent to the electrode, a first ion exchange membrane operable to substantially pass ions having a polarity that is same as a polarity of the ionic drug and substantially block ions having a polarity that is opposite the polarity of the ionic drug, the first ion exchange membrane being placed adjacent to the electrolyte solution holding portion, a drug solution holding portion holding the ionic drug by being impregnated with the ionic drug, the drug solution holding portion being placed adjacent to the first ion exchange membrane, a second ion exchange membrane operable to substantially pass ions having a polarity that is opposite the polarity of the io

Abstract: An iontophoresis device capable of stably holding a drug for a long time period and of transdermally administering the drug at a high transport number during use. The iontophoresis device includes a drug holding portion to store the ionic drug in a dry state and at least an aqueous medium holding portion to store an aqueous medium. The drug holding portion exhibiting ion conductivity in response to a needle inserted into the aqueous medium holding portion from outside the electrode assembly such that the drug holding portion is supplied with the aqueous medium during use and the ionic drug dissolves in the aqueous medium.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device for administering drug ions via the first ion-exchange membrane, comprising a first semi-permeable film having a number of pores passing through the film from a front surface to a back surface, a first ion-exchange membrane formed of ion-exchange resin filling the pores of the first semi-permeable film and selective ions of a first polarity, and a working electrode structure having a drug holding part placed on a back surface of the first ion-exchange membrane and holding a drug solution containing drug ions charged in the first polarity, wherein a layer of a water-soluble polymer compound is chemically bonded on the surface of the first semi-permeable film.

Abstract: A catheter-type iontophoresis device is adapted to cause a drug solution to permeate into a cancer site or the like of a digestive organ on a pinpoint basis by iontophoresis. The catheter-type iontophoresis device includes a working electrode assembly and a non-working electrode assembly for administering a drug by iontophoresis. A DC electric power source is connected to the working electrode assembly and the non-working electrode assembly with opposite polarities, and a rod-like member supports the working electrode assembly and the non-working electrode assembly at its tip. The rod-like member is detachably supported at a tip of a flexible cable supported by an endoscopic device.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device includes: an active electrode element operable to provide an electrical potential; an inner active agent reservoir comprising: a first compartment having a diluent; a second compartment having an active agent; and a polymer complex layer disposed between the first compartment and the second compartment, the polymer complex being formed by a first hydrophilic polymer and a second hydrophilic polymer via hydrogen bonding. The polymer complex is electrically responsive and disintegrates when an electrical field is applied.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device including an electrode assembly which holds a drug solution containing a salt of a first drug with an acid dissolved therein and has a polarizable electrode to be in contact with the drug solution, in which the polarizable electrode to which a second drug of the same kind as that of the first drug is adsorbed. A method may include adsorbing the second drug to the polarizable electrode; and then bringing the drug solution into contact with the polarizable electrode. As a result, the iontophoresis device is capable of suppressing a change in the pH value of the drug solution in the case where the drug solution containing the salt of the first drug with the acid dissolved is held in contact with the polarizable electrode.

Abstract: Provided is a packaged iontophoresis system 15 including: an iontophoresis system 10 including an apparatus body 50 for transdermally delivering an ionized drug by iontophoresis, and a connection part 70 extended from the apparatus body 50 and connected to the apparatus body 50 and a power source 60, the power source 60 supplying power to the apparatus body 50; a package material 80 hermetically packaging the apparatus body 50 and a portion of the connection part 70, by at least a part thereof being welded to the connection part 70; and a cutting guide 400 guiding a cutting line of the package material 80 so that the part of the package material 80 welded to the connection part 70 remains at the connection part 70 when the package material 80 is opened.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device includes: a first electrode; a biological interface contact member including a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, and a plurality of needles that protrude from the front surface of the substrate and can be inserted into a biological interface, the biological interface contact member allowing selective permeation of ions of a first polarity; and a drug holding part applied with an electrical potential or voltage through the first electrode and holding a drug solution containing drug ions charged in the first polarity, the drug holding part being interposed between the first electrode and the biological interface contact member.

Abstract: An iontophoresis device useful for administering an ionic drug by iontophoresis has an iontophoresis electrode section (active electrode section) and a ground electrode section (inactive electrode section) both of which are to be connected to a power source. The iontophoresis device includes elements (members) of both of the electrode sections are all formed of membrane bodies, and includes ion exchange membranes different in ion selectivity, one being selective to ions of the same species as charged ions of the ionic drug and the other to ions different in species from the charged ions of the ionic drug that are arranged in the iontophoresis electrode section, and at least an ion exchange membrane selective to ions opposite to the charged ions of the ionic drug is arranged in the ground electrode section. The iontophoresis device can administer the ionic drug stably over a long period of time at high transport efficiency.

Abstract: A root cause analysis system operative in conjunction with fault management apparatus, the system includes a topology-based reasoning system (TRS) operative to topologically analyze alarms in order to identify at least one root cause thereof.