Abstract: The invention relates to a dielectric resonator antenna (9) as well as a transmitter, a receiver and a mobile radiotelephone that includes a dielectric resonator antenna. To improve known possibilities of reducing the volume of the DRA (9), which are offered by the planes of symmetry (10) in a DRA, there is proposed to provide an electrically conducting coating on at least one curved surface (11) into which the tangential component of an electric field of an eigenmode assigned to the dielectric resonator antenna (9) disappears. As a result, the volume of the DRA (9) can be reduced considerably, although furthermore the same mode is found at the same frequency. Since there are a plurality of such curved surfaces (11), a particularly advantageous surface (11) can be selected depending, for example, on the desired degree of miniaturization, required bandwidth of the evolving antenna and manufacturing conditions.

Abstract: A system 100 is capable of segmenting a connected text, such as Japanese or Chinese sentence, into words. The system includes means 110 for reading an input string representing the connected text. Segmentation means 120 identifies at least one word sequence in the connected text by building a tree structure representing word sequence(s) in the input string in an iterative manner. Initially the input string is taken as a working string. Each word of a dictionary 122 is compared with the beginning of the working string. A match is represented by a node in the tree, and the process is continued with the remaining part of the input string. The system further includes means 130 for outputting at least one of the identified word sequences. A language model may be used to select between candidate sequences. Preferably the system is used in a speech recognition system to update the lexicon based on representative texts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for automatically detecting contours of, for example, shutters or implants in an X-ray image. A number of closed paths is derived from the X-ray image, one of said closed paths being selected, in dependence on the contrast along the closed paths, as the contour. The closed paths may be derived from a set of line candidates on which contour pixel candidates are situated. The contour pixel candidates can be derived from a high-pass or gradient version of the X-ray image.

Abstract: A peak limiter is intended to limit the peak of a signal that has a given frequency, in an assembly comprising other signals of lower amplitude and different frequencies. The peak limiter includes a circulator inserted into a line transporting all the signals. A first branch of the circulator is connected to a line on its upstream side. Its second branch is connected to a line on its downstream side. It's third branch is connected to a reference terminal via the combination of a band-pass filter centered on the given frequency, a threshold element, and an adapted load connected in series.

Abstract: In multimedia method a screen-based host with processing and I/O facilities interacts with distributed items that are arranged for storing and exchanging digital information with the host. In particular, under proximity conditions the items exchange accordingly with the host, but without requiring formatted berth facilities of the host. The various items through associated self-identifying evoke specific iconizing by the host for signalling to a user an associated service field. The host allows a user person to activate data processing operations with respect to the service field. During proximity conditions the item keeps abreast of host-generated results relevant to its service field. The host allows free styling of the items with respect to their physical shape.

Abstract: A main side of the device (10) has a keyboard with keys (4A, 5A, 4C) and a display (6). According to the invention, part of the keyboard (4) can be moved between two operational positions for which the device retains the same size: a first position called reduced keyboard (and large display) (FIG. 1C, 1D) and a second position with an extended keyboard (and a small display) (FIG. 1A, 1B). The keys that are accessible for one position are inaccessible for another position and vice versa.

Abstract: Aberrations of an imaging system (PL) can be detected in an accurate and reliable way by imaging, by means of the imaging system, a circular phase structure (22) on a photoresist (PR), developing the resist and scanning it with a scanning detection device (SEM) which is coupled to an image processor (IP). The circular phase structure is imaged in a ring structure (25) and each type of aberration, like coma, astigmatism, three-point aberration, etc. causes a specific change in the shape of the inner contour (CI) and the outer contour (CE) of the ring and/or a change in the distance between these contours, so that the aberrations can be detected independently of each other. Each type of aberration is represented by a specific Fourier harmonic (Z-), which is composed of Zernike coefficients (Z-), each representing a specific lower or higher order sub-aberration.

Abstract: A communication device communicates with a station and includes a receiver which receives speech signal frames from the station. The speech signal frames have speech signals. The communication device further includes a counter and an attenuation circuit. The counter counts the number of bad frames of the received speech signal frames. The attenuation circuit diminishes the amplitude of the speech signals when the count of the counter is higher than one indicating more than one bad frame is received. The station is either connected to a switched network or is a satellite station.

Abstract: Audio-centered information is stored on a unitary medium by using a Table-of-Contents (TOC) mechanism that specifies an actual configuration of various audio items on the medium. In particular, each one of a set of one or more Track Areas gets at least two mutually logically conforming Sub-TOCs assigned. This allows to retrieve any constituent Sub-TOC part from at least any correct copy of the Sub-TOCs. Furthermore, one or more Master-TOCs are provided for specifically pointing to each of the Sub-TOCs.

Abstract: A method of transferring secure data in a remote control system including a remote controller (12) and an apparatus (10) which is operable in response to commands relayed by way of the remote controller. The apparatus has a receiver (38) for receiving transmissions from the remote controller (12), the information from the transmissions being stored in a storage device (42). The remote controller has a transmitter (26), a memory (22) for storing secure data and commands and a keypad (24). The transmitter (26) is controlled so that in response to a user wishing to transfer secure data to the user apparatus (10), it transmits this data at a power level lower than that which is normally used for sending other commands. The link between the remote controller (12) and the user apparatus (10) may be wireless or infra-red.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for fluorescent X-ray analysis of a sample, which sample includes: a substrate (5) containing a chemical element b; a thin layer (6) which is deposited on the substrate and contains the chemical element b and a chemical element a, which method includes the steps of: irradiating the sample by means of primary X-rays, detecting the intensity of X-ray lines of comparatively hard fluorescent X-rays and comparatively soft fluorescent X-rays, both produced in the sample due to irradiation by means of the primary X-rays, wherein one or more of the following combinations of the fluorescent X-ray lines of the chemical elements a and b are detected: b-L/b-K; b-K/a-L; b-L/a-L; b-L/a-M; a-M/a-L a-M/a-N a-K/b-K a-K/b-L a-K/a-L; and the thickness of the thin layer (6) and/or the concentration of the first or the second chemical element are detected on the basis of the detected X-ray lines of the comparatively hard and the comparatively soft fluorescent X-rays.

Abstract: A record carrier provided with at least two parallel information layers suitable to be scanned by means of a single scanning head is described. Each information layer is provided with a control block in which information is stored which can be used for reading the user information stored in this information layer. The control blocks are placed in the record carrier in such a way that they can be sequentially read by means of a scanning device, with a minimum displacement of the scanning head. The user information may be stored in a first format in the first information layer, and the same user information may be stored in a second format in a second information layer. The first format may be a low-density structure and the second format may be a high-density structure.

Abstract: A method is described for addressing units (FU1, FU2, FU3) amongst a plurality of units having different addresses (ADD1, ADD2, ADD3) by use of an address word (AW), the addresses and the address word being composed of address elements. A tag word (TW) is transmitted to the plurality of units, the tag word defining which address elements of the address word are significant (S) and which address elements of the address word are non significant (X). The address word and the addresses of the units are compared and, a unit is addressed if the significant elements of the address word match the corresponding elements of the unit's address.

Abstract: Sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter topology with an error signal branch including a subtractor (10), a loop filter (4), and a quantizer (6), and a feedback branch including a digital-to-analog converter (8). The gain error caused by a return-to-zero switch in the feedback branch is cancelled by moving the return-to-zero switch (20) to the signal error branch.

Abstract: A contact device includes a first insulating film having a dome and a planar surface surrounding the dome. A contact electrode is formed on an inner surface of the dome. A detection circuit is located over a second insulating film. The detection circuit detects an electric contact between the contact electrode and the detection circuit. An electroluminescent layer is formed on the planar surface, where the electroluminescent layer does not overlap over the contact electrode and is formed on the planar surface without being formed on the dome.

Abstract: An interactive television system for selectively retrieving video images or teletext pages from a remote transmitter (1). User requests are communicated to the transmitter through the telephone network (5). The selected images (e.g., teletext pages) are provided with an image address (a personal teletext page number) and transmitted through a broadcast medium (4). A broadcast receiver (6) captures, stores and displays images having a particular address in a further autonomous manner. In order to prevent co-viewers from tracing the image address and thus watching personal information intended for an individual user on their broadcast receivers (3), the image address is modified whenever a new image is transmitted. Prior to transmitting the image, the address is communicated to the individual user through the telephone network and applied (84,61) to the broadcast receiver.

Abstract: An X-ray filter comprises an array of filter elements (5) an control circuit, the control circuit comprising an array of switching devices (33) provided on a common substrate (52), a switching device (33) being provided for each filter element for switching a control signal to the respective filter element. An output terminal of each switching device is provided with an external connection portion (54) located at the respective switching device. An array of external connection portions (54) is thus provided over the array of switching devices (33). The connection portions are then bonded to a connection block of the array of filter elements. This avoids the need to use edge connections of the substrate (52), and provides a secure mechanical and electrical connection between the control circuit and the filter array.

Abstract: A clinical XRAY based apparatus with a user interface is operated by initiating the apparatus and then entering a sequence of operational parameter values for as based thereon executing an XRAY irradiation process. In particular, during the entering an execution feasibility level of the process is dynamically ascertained in view of an anticipated physical or other quantitative effect on one or more critical elements of the apparatus. Upon detecting insufficient feasibility, one or more parameter values already entered are figured out that have a preponderantly negative effect on said feasibility level and a user-initiated amendment of their value or values is allowed, until raising the feasibility level to sufficient. Otherwise the entering is continued until completing the sequence as preliminary to executing the XRAY irradiation process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a converter including a fly-back circuit (5). For obtaining a maximum possible adaptation to the internationally different network voltages, there is proposed to provide a first fly-back frequency range for a converter input voltage (Unet) lying in a first voltage range and a second fly-back switching frequency range for a converter input voltage (Unet) lying in a second voltage range, the first voltage range having smaller voltage values than the second voltage range and the first fly-back switching frequency range having larger frequency values than the second fly-back switching frequency range.